유럽규격 시험방법에 의한 국산 유용 침엽수재의 천연 내후성 평가

이종신(Jong-Shin Lee),김영숙(Young-Sook Kim),김규혁(Gyu-Hyeok Kim),김경태(Kyung-Tae Kim),김윤희(Yoon-Hee Kim) 한국가구학회 2015 한국가구학회지 Vol.26 No.3

To evaluate the natural decay durability of valuable domestic softwoods which are used for preservative treatment in our country, we carried out decay test by European standard method. Of all test wood species, Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis) showed slightly high natural decay durability compared to other 4 wood species, Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora), pitch pine (Pinus rigida), Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), and scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). However, all of evaluated domestic softwood species in this study caused high weight losses over about 30% in heartwood by test fungus, Poria placenta. We can hardly expect a good natural decay durability from these softwood species. According to the classification of the natural durability of European standard (EN 350-1), they are classified into “Not durable” or “Slightly durable”. Therefore, if using these softwoods as exterior materials, we must do preservative treatment to ensure durability.

표준 항암화학요법에 실패한 진행성 비소세포폐암에서 ZD1839 ($Iressa^{TM}$)의 효과

이승환,김덕룡,이상대,이종신,박연희,류백렬,김흥태,박선후,김봉석,김철현,이재철,Lee, Seung Whan,Kim, Duck Ryung,Lee, Sang Dae,Lee, Jong Sin,Park, Yeon Hee,Ryoo, Baek-Yeol,Kim, Heung Tae,Park, Sunhoo,Kim, Bong Seog,Kim, Cheol Hyeon,Lee, 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2004 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.57 No.2

배 경 : 비소세포폐암에서 2차 항암화학요법에 대한 치료반응과 역할은 아직 정립되어 있지 못한 실정이다. 한편, 최근 개발된 ZD1839는 상피세포성장인자 수용체 억제제로서 악성 고형 종양, 특히 비소세포폐암에서 항종양효과를 보이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 기존의 표준 항암화학요법에 실패한 진행성 비소세포폐암 환자들을 대상으로 ZD1839를 투여하여 그 반응 및 안전성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 원자력병원에서 비소세포폐암으로 조직학적 진단을 받고 임상 병기 IIIB 이상인 환자들 중에서 1차 이상의 항암화학요법을 시행 받은 후 치료실패로 판정된 환자들을 대상으로 2002년 1월부터 2003년 9월까지 ZD1839를 투여 하였다. 투여 용량은 하루 250 mg이었고, 반응 및 부작용을 평가하기 위해 1개월 간격으로 흉부 방사선 검사 및 외래 추적 검사를 실시하였다. 이 환자들 중 반응 및 독성의 평가가 가능하였던, 1개월 이상 투여 받은 83명의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 환자들의 중앙 연령은 59(33-76)세였고, 임상 병기는 IIIB가 12명, IV가 71명이었으며, ECOG 전신수행상태는 0-1이 10명, 2는 42명, 3은 31명이었다. ZD1839 투여일수는 중앙값이 90일이었다. 결 과 : ZD1839 투여 후 부분 반응은 12명(14.5%), 불변은 31명(37.3%), 진행은 40명(48.2%)이었고, 전체 생존기간과 병의 진행까지 기간의 중앙값은 각각 9.2 개월과 3.1 개월이었다. ZD1839의 부작용으로는 피부 발진을 보인 환자가 25명(25.8%)으로 가장 많았으며, 구토 및 설사를 보인 환자가 15(15.5%), 비정상적 간효소수치 상승 및 혈소판 감소를 보인 환자가 각각 1명(1.03%)이었다. Performance status 0, 1인 전신 상태와 선암종을 가진 환자군에서 반응률 및 생존률이 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 보였다. 결 론 : 기존의 항암화학요법에 실패한 일부 진행성 비소세포폐암 환자들에서 ZD1839 투여는 비교적 높은 반응률을 보였으며 부작용은 비교적 경미하였다. 향후 보다 대규모의 연구 결과에 대한 추시가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : The role of second-line chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known to be limited. Recently, ZD1839, the small molecule epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been developed and has shown anti-tumor activity in patients with solid malignant tumors including lung cancer. We evaluated the response rate and toxicities of ZD1839 in patients with advanced NSCLC which has progressed after previous chemotherapy. Patients and Methods : We examined 83 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ZD1839 for more than 1 month in Korea Cancer Center Hospital during the period from January 2002 to September 2003. All the patients were enrolled in the international expanded access program (EAP) with ZD1839 by AstraZeneca. The administered dose of ZD1839 was 250 mg once daily. Chest radiography and laboratory tests were followed-up. We evaluated the response rate, median survival, and toxicity after treatment. Results : Median age of the patients was 59 years (range 33-76). The most predominant cell type was adenocarcinoma and the most stage of the patients was IV. ECOG performance status was as follows; grade 0-1 in 10, grade 2 in 42, and grade 3 in 31 patients. Partial response was achieved in 12 patients (14.5%). Median overall survival was 9.2 (range 1.3-21.6+) months and median time to progression was 3.1 (range 1-21.2+) months. The most common adverse effect of ZD1839 was skin eruption which developed in 25 patients (25.8%). Significantly higher response rate and survival was found in patients with adenocarcinoma or good performance status. Conclusion : ZD1839 showed modest activity and tolerable toxicity in the treatment for patients with NSCLC which has progressed after previous chemotherapy.

거대 농흉으로 발견된 폐방선균증 1예

김덕룡 ( Duck Ryung Kim ),최윤희 ( Yoon Hee Choi ),이승환 ( Seung Whan Lee ),이종신 ( Jong Sin Lee ),김민재 ( Min Jae Kim ),이승숙 ( Seung Sook Lee ),최두환 ( Du Hwan Choe ),김철현 ( Cheol Hyeon Kim ),이재철 ( Jae Cheol Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2004 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.57 No.6

혼합화소를 이용한 IKONOS 영상의 감독분류정확도 평가

이종신(Lee, Jong-Sin),김민규(Kim, Min-Gyu),박준규(Park, Jun-Qyu) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.6

위성영상을 이용한 감독분류에서 훈련집단의 선택은 분류정확도에 많은 영향을 미친다. 일반적으로 훈련집단 의 특징이 명확한 순수화소를 선택할 경우 전체 정확도가 높은 반면, 저해상도 영상이거나 식별이 불분명하여 혼합화 소를 선택하면 정확도는 저하된다. 그러나 실제 영상분류를 수행할 때 순수화소만을 훈련집단으로 선택하는 것은 매 우 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 혼합화소를 훈련집단으로 선택하였을 경우 적합한 분류기법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이 를 위해 소수의 순수화소를 훈련집단으로 선정하여 분류정확도를 산출하고 같은 수의 혼합화소를 이용한 분류결과와 정확도를 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 혼합화소를 사용한 분류기법들 중 SVM의 정확도가 가장 높았으며, 순수화소를 이 용한 분류결과와도 가장 작은 차이를 보였다. 따라서 훈련집단으로 혼합화소를 선택할 가능성이 높은 건물 및 녹지 혼합지역에서는 SVM을 이용한 영상분류가 가장 적합할 것으로 판단된다. Selection of training set influences the classification accuracy in supervised classification using satellite imagery. Generally, if pure pixels which character of training set is clear were selected, whole accuracy is high while if mixed pixels were selected, accuracy is decreased because of low-resolution imagery or unclear distinguishment. However, it is too difficult to choose the pure pixels as training set actually. Accordingly, this study should be suggested the suitable classification method in case of mixed pixels choice. To achieve this, a few pure pixels were chosen as training set and classification accuracy was calculated which was compared with classification result using an equal number of mixed pixels. As a result, accuracy of SVM was the highest among the classification method using mixed pixels and it was a relatively small difference with the result of classification using pure pixels. Therefore, imagery classification using SVM is most suitable in the mixed area of construction and green because it is high possibility to choose mixed pixels as training set.

파라핀 왁스 처리 목재의 치수안정성

이종신(Jong-Shin Lee),김진경(Jin-Kyoung Kim),박순(Soon Park),손기혁(Ki-Hyuk Son),윤선미(Seon-Mee Yoon) 한국가구학회 2022 한국가구학회지 Vol.33 No.1

As a result of comparing the dimensional stability and water droplet contact angle of paraffin wax-treated wood with the conventional treatment technique, the heat replacement method, and the new technique, the pressure-vacuum method, the following conclusions were obtained. When treated with paraffin wax, radiata pine shows superior Reduction in water absorptivity (RWA) and Moisture excluding efficiency (MEE) compared to hard maple. The effect of paraffin wax treatment on Anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) and Anti-shrinkage efficiency (ASE), which are the criteria for dimensional stability evaluation, is higher in hard maple than in radiata pine. In the paraffin wax treatment, the pressure-vacuum method can obtain higher dimensional stability compared to the heat replacement method. A large droplet contact angle was formed on the surface of the pressure-vacuum wax treated wood. A relatively smooth wax layer was formed on the surface of the pressure-vacuum treated wood compared to the heat-replacement treated wood.

파라핀 왁스 처리 목재의 조직 내 왁스 분포 상태

이종신(Jong-Shin Lee),김진경(Jin-Kyoung Kim),박순(Soon Park),손기혁(Ki-Hyuk Son),윤선미(Seon-Mee Yoon) 한국가구학회 2021 한국가구학회지 Vol.32 No.4

After paraffin wax treatment with different wood species and treatment methods, the differences in the weight percent gain density and wax distribution of treated wood were investigated, and the following conclusions were obtained. Paraffin wax penetrates low-density wood better than high-density wood, and thus the weight and density of treated wood are greatly increased. The lumen of the cells of the wood treated with the heat replacement method in which the water in the wood is replaced with paraffin wax is filled with wax, which greatly affects the weight and density increase of the treated wood. After pressure treatment with paraffin wax, the decompressed wood leaves no wax in the cell lumen. It shows a thin coating pattern only on the cell lumen wall. Accordingly, the increase in weight and density is small compared to heat replacement treated wood.

탁도에 의한 구리ㆍ알킬암모늄화합물계 목재방부제(ACQ)의 농도 예측

이종신 ( Jong Shin Lee ),김경태 ( Kyoung Tae Kim ),최광식 ( Gwang Sik Choi ) 한국목재공학회 2016 목재공학 Vol.44 No.5

균일한 품질의 방부처리 목재 생산을 위해서는 방부약액의 농도관리가 필요하다. 아직까지 목재방부처리 현장에서 농도관리를 위하여 간편하게 방부약액의 농도를 측정할 수 있는 방법은 개발되어 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 ACQ 목재방부제를 대상으로 비교적 손쉽게 측정할 수 있는 탁도를 이용하여 농도를 예측할 수 있는 방법을 검토하였다. 탁도가 현저하게 작은 알칼리성의 ACQ 약액에 20%의 인산 용액을 첨가하면 백색의 현탁 물질이 생성되며 탁도가 증가한다. 인산 용액의 최적 첨가량은 약액의 탁도가 최고치에 도달하는 pH 7 수준이며, 첨가량이 많아지면 약액의 산성화와 함께 탁도가 급격하게 떨어지고 약액은 투명해진다. ACQ 약액의 농도와 탁도 간에는 정(正)의 상관을 가지며 고도의 유의성이 인정되었다. 농도와 탁도로부터 유도된 회귀방정식을 사용하여 산출한 현장 채취 약액의 예측 농도 값과 적정법으로 측정한 실측 농도 값 간의 농도 차이에는 t 검정 결과, 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 따라서 탁도와 회귀방정식을 이용하여 ACQ 현장 약액의 농도 관리가 가능할 것으로 예상된다. The concentration control of wood preservatives is necessary to produce a preservative treated wood having a uniform quality. Concentration measurement method of wood preservatives to be easily used in the field has not been developed yet. This study examined the way to estimate the concentration from turbidity of ACQ wood preservative that can be relatively easily measured by using a portable turbidity meter. The addition of phosphoric acid solution in an alkaline ACQ solution having a very low turbidity is created a suspension of the white substance and the turbidity suddenly increased. The optimum amount of addition of the phosphoric acid solution is until the pH of ACQ solution reaches 7, the turbidity of the ACQ solution reaches maximum value. Excessive addition of the phosphoric acid solution results in a turbidity decrease with acidification of the ACQ solution. Also ACQ solution becomes transparent. The high significance was recognized with positive correlation between the concentration and the turbidity of the ACQ solution. From the t-test, The significant difference between the actually measured concentrations and the concentrations predicted by the regression equation for industrial ACQ solutions was not recognized. Thus, it was possible to know that concentration prediction and control of industrial ACQ solution using the turbidity and a regression equation. Therefore, using the regression equation and turbidity is expected to be able to management the concentration of ACQ solution in the industrial field.

자외선을 처리한 목재 플라스틱 복합재의 물리 및 역학적 성질 평가

이종신(Jong-Shin Lee),김성준(Soung-Joon Kim) 한국가구학회 2015 한국가구학회지 Vol.26 No.4

In this study, we received each wood plastic composites (WPC) from three manufacturers. These WPCs were evaluated regarding their physical and mechanical properties of both before and after accelerated weathering by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The total time of exposure of the WPCs to UV irradiation was 1800 h. The water absorption, volumetric swelling and shrinkage of WPCs did not affected by UV irradiation. Among the mechanical properties, there was no significant differences in bending strength and screw withdrawal resistance of UV treated WPCs compared with those of reference WPCs. However, surface hardness of WPCs showed decrease under UV irradiation. Stereoscopic microscopy observation revealed deterioration of the surface layer polymer in all weathered WPCs by UV. Exposure of the WPCs to UV irradiation caused decomposition and disappearance of the polymer layer. From this result, we can estimate that damage of polymer by UV led to a decrease in the surface hardness of the WPCs. The wood flours retained original shape after accelerated weathering by UV irradiation.

Gypsum-Wood의 제조와 성질

이종신(Jong-Shin Lee),김성준(Soung-Joon Kim) 한국가구학회 2008 한국가구학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Gypsum-wood composites were made by introducing inorganic substances into wood using calcium chloride, first treating solution, and sodium sulfate, secondary treating solution, by double diffusion process under atmospheric pressure at room temperature. The process conducted as follows: water saturated specimens were soaked in calcium chloride solutions at several concentration. Then the specimens were soaked further in saturated sodium sulfate solution, and they were leached in flowing tap water for 24h. To attain sufficient weight percent gain (WPG) values, the suitable concentration of calcium chloride and soaking time in saturated sodium sulfate solution were 20% and 48h, respectively. Inorganic substances were produced mainly in the lumina of tracheides. It was made sure that these substances were dihydrate gypsum(CaSO₄ㆍ2H₂O) by X -ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX). The composites had good fire resistance due to low heat transfer rate of gypsum formed in wood. However, the composites had little decay resistances, because they showed high weight losses by test fungi attacks.

목질계 마루판의 폼알데하이드 방출에 미치는 온도의 영향

이종신(Jong-Shin Lee),김진경(Jin-Kyoung Kim) 한국가구학회 2020 한국가구학회지 Vol.31 No.2

The effect of temperature on the formaldehyde emission from wood-based flooring board was investigated and the following conclusions were obtained. When the temperature applied to the flooring board increases, the amount of formaldehyde emission increases. In the same temperature environment, the amount of formaldehyde emission from the flooring board installed on the floor is significantly reduced compared to the desiccator test method. The amount of formaldehyde emission from the flooring board installed on the floor at a floor temperature of 30 °C or less is 0.12 g/L or less, which is not harmful to health and does not cause sick house syndrome. Formaldehyde emission in the floor heating environment is large in the early stage, and thus bake-out is effective in improving the internal air quality.