충돌제트의 유동 및 열전달 특성에 미치는 맥동의 영향

이은현,이성혁,이준식,Lee, Eun-Hyeon,Lee, Seong-Hyeok,Lee, Jun-Sik 대한기계학회 2001 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.25 No.12

Experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of pulsations on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of an axisymmetric impinging jet on a flat plate heated by using a gold coated aim. Vertex motion in the impinging jet is visualized using a fog generator, and a thermochromatic liquid crystal (TLC) technique is used to measure the time averaged local temperature distributions on the impingement plate. In addition, the quantitative data for mean velocity and turbulence intensity are obtained employing hot-wire anemometer. Parameters such as pulsating frequency (f = 0, 10 and 20 Hz) and the nozzle-to-palate spacing (H/D = 2, 10) are considered at the jet Reynolds number of 20,000. Consequently, the significant changes of flow structure and local Nusselt number distribution due to pulsations are observed. In the case of H/D = 2, the enhanced heat transfer coefficient exceeding 30 % is observed at the stagnation point. At the high H/D, heat transfer rate increases with pulsation frequency.

Evaluation of Studies on the Measurement Properties of Self-Reported Instruments

이은현,강은희,강현정 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.5

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate studies on the measurement properties of selfreported instruments. Method: This descriptive review included studies on measurement properties that were reported in Asian Nursing Research over a five-year period from 2016 to September 2020. Nine key measurement properties were reviewed for each study: content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, crosscultural validity/measurement invariance, reliability, measurement error, criterion validity, hypothesestesting construct validity, and responsiveness. Results: The most commonly applied measurement properties were structural validity and internal consistency. However, structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis or item response theory/ Rasch analysis needs to be rigorously analyzed and interpreted. None of the studies assessed measurement error and responsiveness. Conclusion: It is recommended for nursing researchers to assess measurement properties beyond structural validity and internal consistency using more rigorous methodologies.

암환자 피로 : 개념 분석

이은현 한국간호과학회 1999 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.12 No.1

Most people experience fatigue at some point in their lives, and they say the word ‘fatigue’ in their ordinary conversational speech. The ordinary word is used as a military or engineering term and has been studied in various different disciplines, such as ergonomics, physiology, psychology, medicine, and nursing. In spite of its widespread uses, however, fatigue has not been well defined. The term of fatigue Is thus often used with different meanings and is applied in diverse contexts that had led to a confusion of ideas. In people with cancer, fatigue is reported as a major distress. Despite the importance of fatigue in cancer patients, the phenomena of fatigue is poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to analyze the concept of fatigue in people with cancer. The process for the concept analysis was guided by Walker and Avant's conceptual analysis methodology. The identified attributes of fatigue in the present study were subjective feeling, lack of energy, sustenance, and multidimensions. The antecedents were cancer treatment and economic status. The consequences were decreased daily, vocational, leisure, and social activities, uncertainty, and difficulties in adjustment. Symptoms (pain, anorexia, and insomnia) and emotional disturbance were not clear whether they are antecedents or consequences. However, they are related with cancer related fatigue. Even though still in the beginning stage, instruments measuring cancer related fatigue have been developed by some nursing investigators.

Relationships of Mood Disturbance, Symptom Experience, and Attentional Function in Women with Breast Cancer Based upon the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms

이은현 한국간호과학회 2005 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.35 No.4

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify direct, mediating, and moderating relationships of mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function in Korean women with breast cancer based upon a middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms. Methods. This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. A convenience sample of 125 women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer was recruited from a university hospital in South Korea. The women completed questionnaires on mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function using the Linear Analogue Self-Assessment Scale, the Symptom Experience Scale, and the Attentional Function Index, respectively. Results. Each mood disturbance and symptom experience showed a significant relationship with attentional function. Symptom experience did not act as a mediator between mood disturbance and attentional function, but it did act as a moderator: patients with a higher level of mood disturbance exhibited a lower level of attentional function when their symptoms were at the level of medium, but not when their symptoms were either high or low. Conclusion. This suggests that clinical interventions for attenuating the influence of mood disturbance on attentional function may be effective only in women experiencing medium level of symptoms.

춘계학술대회 : 구연 ; 만성 간질환 특이형 삶의 질 측정도구 개발 및 평가

이은현,조성원,함기백,정재연,이수택,이동호,박종재,김성국,이성욱 대한간학회 2005 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.11 No.3(S)

배경/목적: 최근 건강관련 삶의 질은 치료나 새로 개발된 약물 효과를 평가하는 결과지표로 사용되고 있다. 한국의 경우 약 15년 전부터 삶의 질에 대한 연구가 이루어지기 시작하였지만 간 질환 관련 삶의 질에 대한 연구는 매우 미비한 실정이다. 주요 원인은 간 환자 삶의 질을 측정 할 수 있는 신뢰도와 타당도가 수립된 측정도구의 부재이다. 따라서 본 연구는 만성 간질환 특이형 삶의 질 측정도구를 개발하고 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 만성 간 질환자

Review of the Psychometric Evidence of the Perceived Stress Scale

이은현 한국간호과학회 2012 Asian Nursing Research Vol.6 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review articles related to the psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Methods: Systematic literature searches of computerized databases were performed to identify articles on psychometric evaluation of the PSS. Results: The search finally identified 19 articles. Internal consistency reliability, factorial validity, and hypothesis validity of the PSS were well reported. However, the test-retest reliability and criterion validity were relatively rarely evaluated. In general, the psychometric properties of the 10-item PSS were found to be superior to those of the 14-item PSS, while those of the 4-item scale fared the worst. The psychometric properties of the PSS have been evaluated empirically mostly using populations of college students or workers. Conclusion: Overall, the PSS is an easy-to-use questionnaire with established acceptable psychometric properties. However, future studies should evaluate these psychometric properties in greater depth, and validate the scale using diverse populations.

Touch-Screen Computerized Quality-of-Life Assessment for Patients with Cancer

이은현 한국간호과학회 2009 Asian Nursing Research Vol.3 No.1

Purpose To evaluate a computerized self-reported, touch-screen version of the cancer-specific quality-oflife(cC-QOL) questionnaire against the traditional paper-and-pencil version (the pC-QOL) for equivalence, time for completion, user preference and ease of use. Methods One hundred and five patients were recruited from a cancer center of a university hospital in South Korea. A randomized crossover design was used, with patients randomly assigned into two groups. Group A patients completed the cC-QOL first while waiting to see a physician, and completed the pC-QOL version of the questionnaire after seeing the physician. Group B patients completed these questionnaires in the reverse order. Subjects were asked about user preference and ease of use. Time taken to complete both versions was measured. Results Weighted kappa coefficients of items showed very good to moderate agreement. The time required to complete the cC-QOL did not differ statistically from the pC-QOL. The same proportion of patients preferred both versions. Most patients (94.8%) reported that the cC-QOL was “easy” or “very easy” to complete. Conclusion The cC-QOL is the computerized equivalent of the pC-QOL, which is used to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of cancer patients. The cC-QOL can be helpful to oncology nurses and physicians for assessing, collecting, and evaluating their patients’ HRQOL scores in busy clinical practices. Purpose To evaluate a computerized self-reported, touch-screen version of the cancer-specific quality-oflife(cC-QOL) questionnaire against the traditional paper-and-pencil version (the pC-QOL) for equivalence, time for completion, user preference and ease of use. Methods One hundred and five patients were recruited from a cancer center of a university hospital in South Korea. A randomized crossover design was used, with patients randomly assigned into two groups. Group A patients completed the cC-QOL first while waiting to see a physician, and completed the pC-QOL version of the questionnaire after seeing the physician. Group B patients completed these questionnaires in the reverse order. Subjects were asked about user preference and ease of use. Time taken to complete both versions was measured. Results Weighted kappa coefficients of items showed very good to moderate agreement. The time required to complete the cC-QOL did not differ statistically from the pC-QOL. The same proportion of patients preferred both versions. Most patients (94.8%) reported that the cC-QOL was “easy” or “very easy” to complete. Conclusion The cC-QOL is the computerized equivalent of the pC-QOL, which is used to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of cancer patients. The cC-QOL can be helpful to oncology nurses and physicians for assessing, collecting, and evaluating their patients’ HRQOL scores in busy clinical practices.

고등학생 흡연과 스트레스 및 사회적 지지와의 관련성

이은현,송미숙,이순영,김지윤,전기홍,Lee, Eun-Hyun,Song, Mi-Sook,Lee, Soon-Young,Kim, Jee-Yoon,Chun, Ki-Hong 대한예방의학회 2003 예방의학회지 Vol.36 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of the present study was to explore a possible interaction effect of stress and social support on the smoking status and identify smoking related factors of high school students, Methods : A cross-sectional design was used for this study. A total of 1,251 high school students from Gyeonggi-do were selected using stratified-proportional random cluster sampling methods, The participants completed a set of questionnaires to measure their smoking status, stress, social support and sociodemographic information, The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $x^2$-tests and hierarchical logistic regressions. Results : The interaction effect of stress and social support on smoking status was not supported. However, stress, sex, types of school, parent's smoking and friends' smoking were significantly predicted the smoking status of the high school students. Conclusions : In relation to the prevention of adolescents' smoking, it is recommended to decrease the stress levels of students, to make adolescents' parents cease smoking, and to educate adolescents on how to refuse the temptation to smoke or pressure from their smoking friend.

토굴을 이용한 새우젓의 숙성

이은현,이은미,장규섭,장해동 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1997 농업과학연구 Vol.24 No.2

Effective storage facilities are required to stabilize the price of agricultural and marine products to preserve their qualities due to the big fluctuation of shrimp price in Korea. It is easy to make the cave because of good conditions of the land configuration, soil and convenient transportation. The cave storage can save the cost about 40% in building site and equipment, and about 50% in maintenance comparing to existing low temperature storage facilities. The cave storage provide to improve the quality of their stored products with the low heat conductivity, the constant temperature and humidity year round. Therefore, more low temperature storage facilities are required because the items are expanded from potatoes, sweet potatoes, onions, garlics, apples and chestnuts to tangerines, grapes, cabbages, radishes, and wet ginsengs. The damands of the low temperature storage facilities can be substituted into the cave storage facilities. Thus, studies are conducted to observe the changes of the components of the pure and the seasoned salted shrimps with fermentation period during stored at room temperature in cave and to establish the storing at underground facilities to produce high quality salted fish to make profit.

맥동충돌제트의 열전달 특성

이은현,이대희,이준식,Lee, Eun-Hyun,Lee, Dae-Hee,Lee, Joon-Sik 대한기계학회 2002 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.26 No.7

The present study aims to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of a pulsating axisymmetric air jet impinging on a heated wall. An axisymmetric contraction nozzle is used to obtain uniform profiles for the mean velocity and turbulence intensity at the nozzle exit. Measurements of the time averaged temperature on the impingement surface are conducted using a Thermochrornatic Liquid Crystal(TLC) technique for steady and pulsating jets at the jet Reynolds numbers of 20000, 30000 and 40000. Considered are pulsation frequencies of 10 and 20 Hz, corresponding to Strouhal numbers below 0.06 based on nozzle width and jet discharge velocity. In addition, the effect of nozzle-to-plate distances in the range of 2 to 10 on heat transfer characteristics is assessed. The pulsating impinging jet provides more uniform heat transfer coefficient near the impingement region, irrespective of H/D. Based on the measured data, a good correlation as a function of the jet Reynolds and Nusselt numbers is reported. It is also found that an exponent m in the relation of Nu ${\propto}\;Re^m$ depends on both r/D and H/D, by which the impinging jet flows are highly affected.