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심현,김계남,이갑호,윤견일,박이갑,한운섭 대한소화기내시경학회 1984 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.4 No.1
This report is an analysis of 108 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed by gastrofiberscopy among whom the patients were visited or hoiipitalized at the Ewha Womane University Hospital from January, 1982 to March, 1984. The results obtained were summerized as follows. 1) In hiatologic subtypes of gastric adenocarcinoma, mucous cell carcinoma accounted for 67 cases(62%), pylorocardiac gland cell carcinoma 25 cases(23%), intestinal cell carcinoma 9 cases(8%), unclassified 8 cases(7%). 2) The male to female ratio was 1. 8: 1, the pylorocardiac gland cell carcinoma was more male predominant. 3) The peak age incidence was the 7th decade wiith 29%, the 6th decade with 28%, and 5th decade with 17%, The mucous cell carcinoma found at 30th decade but the pylorocardiac gland cell carcinoma and intestinal cell carcinoma were found after 50th deeade. 4) The localization of the gastric adenocarcinoma iin the stomach showed the antrum 55 cases(51%), most frequently and followed by body, cardia. The intestinal cell carcinoma wae not found at the cardia. 5) The macroscopic feature of the advanced gastric adenocarcinoma by gastrofiberscopy showed Borrmann's type III 39 caaea(35%), II and IV 29 cases(27% ) each other. The intestinal cell carcinoma was not formed an infiltrate of the type IV. 6) The marginal mucosa of gastric adenocarcinoma showed intestinal metaplasia(73%), and the intestinal cell carcinnma was more frequent relatively. 7) Alcian blue-PAS staining revealed more common in intestinal cell carcinoma than mucous cell carcinoma and pylorocardiae gland cell carcinoma of gastric adenocarcinoma.
Quantified evaluation of spreadability of cosmetics using their rheological properties
심현서,최시영 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
This presentation is about rheology properties about viscoelastic complex fluid especially for ‘foundation cosmetics’. Foundations, lotions and shampoos are examples of commonly used cosmetics. These kind of cosmetics have both viscous behavior(like-liquid) and elastic behavior(solid-like). The point where stress relaxation occurs, their properties change depending on applied shear rate. When people apply cosmetics on their skin, high shear rate makes material’s viscosity change. Using these rheology properties, it is possible to quantify and define spreadability of cosmetics in rheological definitions. Moreover, it can provide useful evaluation criteria of foundation cosmetics and contribute on developing new products on cosmetic industries.
심현아 ( Hyun A Song ),송지청 ( Ji Chung Song ),김경수 ( Kyung Soo Keum ),엄동명 ( Dong Myung Eom ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2013 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Objective: Each terminology has twofold meaning. Chinese character has several meanings because it is phonogram. Even if exactly same in shapes but the meaning is different. We should be more careful about meaning of the character Fu(腑) in Huangdineijing. Method: We try to find out the meaning of fu excluding meaning of fu(腑), edema(腑腫) in Huangdineijing. Result: Fu means fermented food, edema, sticking, skin, top side of the foot and so on. Conclusion: Someone who have concern traditional medical classics have to give attentions that characters in classics could get different meanings in same character.
『신찬벽온방(新纂辟瘟方)』의 편제(編制)와 내용(內容)에 대한 고찰(考察)
심현아,송지청,금경수,엄동명,Sim, Hyun-A,Song, Ji-Chung,Keum, Kyung-Su,Eom, Dong-Myung 한국의사학회 2013 한국의사학회지 Vol.26 No.2
Objective : "Shinchanbyeokonbang"(printed in 1613) was written by Heo Joon, who is an author of "Dongeuibogam"(also printed in 1613). Even though "Dongeuibogam" has "Onyeok"(chapter for pestilence), Heo Joon wrote technical book for pestilence as name as "Shinchanbyeokonbang". Therefore, we try to compare "Shinchanbyeokonbang" with "Dongeuibogam" "Onyeok". Method : We compared formation and contents of "Shinchanbyeokonbang" with "Dongeuibogam" "Onyeok". Result : "Shinchanbyeokonbang" has entirely new contents than "Dongeuibogam" "Onyeok" in somehow, almost contents of "Dongeuibogam" "Onyeok" are in "Shinchanbyeokonbang" though. Also "Shinchanbyeokonbang" reorganized prescrptions for pestilence not only in "Dongeuibogam" "Onyeok" but also in "Dongeuibogam" ; "Han", "Hwangdal", "Hwa", "Yinhoo", "Hyeol", "Seup" and "Sasoo" Conclusion : "Shinchanbyeokonbang" was printed by Heo Joon at the same time when "Dongeuibogam" was printed in 1613. However, "Shinchanbyeokonbang" has newly formation and contents is some aspects comparing to "Dongeuibogam" "Onyeok", which is the similar chapter for pestilence because this book is the technical book for pestilence.
심현아(Hyun A Sim),신주연(Jooyeon Shin),김지현(Ji-Hyun Kim),정명호(Myeong Ho Jung) 한국생명과학회 2020 생명과학회지 Vol.30 No.12
Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 (Steap4)는 철과 구리를 환원하여 철과 구리의 세포내 유입에 관여하는 금속 환원효소로, 구리 철의 항상성 뿐만 아니라 염증, 포도당 대사, 지질 대사에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 최근에 Steap4가 지방세포의 분화를 촉진한다는 보고가 발표되었으나, 이에 관련된 분자적 기전에 대해서는 알려지지 않았다. 그래서, 본 연구에서는 Steap4에 의한 지방세포분화 촉진에 관련된 기전을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 3T3-L1 백색지방세포, 불멸화된 갈색지방세포(iBA) 및 생쥐의 배아 섬유아 세포인 C3H10T1/3 세포에서 Steap4을 감소시킨 후 지방세포분화 초기단계에 관련된 신호들을 분석하였다. Steap4을 shRNA로 감소시켰을 때 지방세포분화 초기 단계에서 3종류 지방세포의 세포 증식이 억제되었으며, 세포주기 관련 단백질인 cyclin A, cyclinD 그리고 cdk2의 발현은 감소하는 반면 세포주기 저해 단백질인 p21과 p27의 발현은 증가하였다. 또한 세포주기 관련 신호인 p38, ERK 그리고 Akt의 활성화는 억제되었다. 한편 지방세포분화 초기 단계에 관여하는 지방세포분화 전사인자들을 분석하였을 때, Steap4의 감소는 지방세포분화 활성 전사 인자인 C/EBPβ, KLF4의 발현을 저해하는 반면, 지방세포분화 억제 전사 인자인 KLF2, KLF3 그리고 GATA2의 발현은 증가시켰다. 또한 Steap4의 과발현은 C/EBPβ promoter에 존재하는 전사억제 히스톤 표지자인 H3K9me2과 H3K27me3을 감소시켰다. 따라서, 이상의 결과를 종합하면 Steap4는 지방세포분화 초기단계인 mitotic clonal expansion을 촉진하고 지방세포분화 전사인자들의 발현을 조절함으로써, 지방세포분화를 촉진시킴을 알 수 있었다. The six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 (Steap4) is a metalloreductase that plays a role in intracellular iron and cupper homeostasis, inflammatory response, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Previously, Steap4 has been reported to stimulate adipocyte differentiation; however, the underlying mechanisms of this action remain unexplored. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in Steap4-induced adipocyte differentiation using 3T3-L1 cells, immortalized brown adipocyte (iBA) cells, and mouse embryonic fibroblast C3H10T1/2 cells. The knockdown of Steap4 using adenovirus-containing shRNA attenuated mitotic clonal expansion (MCE), as evidenced by the impaired proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells, iBA cells, and C3H10T1/2 cells within 48 hr after adding the differentiation medium. Steap4 knockdown downregulated G1/S phase transition-related cell cycle regulators (including cyclin A and cyclin D) and upregulated cell cycle inhibitors (including p21 and p27). Furthermore, Steap4 knockdown inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and Akt. Moreover, Steap4 knockdown repressed the expression of early adipogenic activators, such as CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and Kruppel-like factor family factor 4 (KLF4). On the other hand, Steap4 knockdown stimulated the expression of adipogenic inhibitors, including KLF2, KLF3, and GATA2. The overexpression of Steap4 using an adenovirus removed the repressive histone marks H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 on the promoter of C/EBPβ. These results indicate that Stepa4 stimulates adipocyte differentiation through the induction of MCE and the modulation of early adipogenic transcription factors, including C/EBPβ, during the early phase of adipocyte differentiation.