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박웅서(朴熊緖) 신아시아연구소 2015 신아세아 Vol.22 No.3
Even though Chinese Communist Party Chairman Xi Jinping denied any such ambition in his speech at the 70th Anniversary Victory Parade at Tien An Men Square, the ever-rising size of China’s GDP makes it an undisputed contender to be the global hegemon at the expense of the United States. This paper examines the weaknesses of China and the US in this contest for global leadership. China is living with increasing insecurity in sea lanes vital for normal operation of its economy. The US needs China to continue buying US Treasury bills to maintain normal operation of its government. More than two-thirds of the additional dollars printed since the 2008 global financial crisis ended up in China’s international reserves. Both countries are locked in this mutual vulnerability and there is no prospect of change in the near to mid-term future. This stalemate, which has global dimensions, has created a new security configuration on the Korean peninsula. As China’s GDP and its threat continue to grow, and as North Korea continues to escalate military tension on the peninsula with nuclear bombs and delivery capabilities, the present arrangement-- which encourages the U.S. to counteract this escalation by deploying intercontinental anti-ballistic missiles in South Korea -- is a deterrent to China’s ambitions. From China’s point of view, North Korea is the only effective barrier in North Asia against the ever-increasing threat of the US,paying no attention to the behavior of the North Korean regime. The value of both South and North Korea as security resources for both countries has reached the highest point ever.
South Korea is Reinventing Democracy
박웅서(Ungsuh Kenneth PARK, 朴熊緖) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2013 신아세아 Vol.20 No.4
각국 국회에서 다수결 제도를 사용하는 민주주의 제도는 독재적 폭군에게 집중 되었던 권력을 성공적으로 분산시켰고, 이에 따라 주요 국사에 대한 의사결정도 비교적 효율적으로 진행 되었다. 그런데, 수많일 신생 민주주의 국가에서는 다수결에 의한 의사결정에 대한 불복으로 인해 잦은 폭력사태가 초래되었다. 한국의 국회에서는 의회 업무에서 폭력을 추방한답시고, 새로운 법을 하나 발명하였는데, 이법에 의하연 모든 의안은 양대 정당 대표들이 합의하지 않으면 전체 회의에 상정 하지 못하게 하여 다수결 원칙을 거세 시켜 버렸다.(국회 선진화 법), 그리하여 한국국회는 이제 헌법이 분명히 요구하는 다수결 원칙을 무시하고 운영되고 있다. 전세계는 이 희극적 사태가 어떻게 전개 되어 나갈지 유심히 지켜 보고 있다.
환경법 분야에서 일본 의무이행소송의 양상 - 유형별 최초 인용 사례를 중심으로 -
박웅광 ( Woong-kwang Park ) 한국법정책학회 2016 법과 정책연구 Vol.16 No.2
It is not clear weather the revision of Administrative Law pre-announced in 2013. 3. may pass the parliament. The revision including lawsuit of duty performance is facing repeal again as expiry date of the national assembly is coming. Lawsuit of duty performance is believed to be asked for modern type of lawsuit especially environmental lawsuit. So it will continue to amend that in terms of practical relief oj people``s right. In 2004 Japan introduced and has enforced lawsuit of duty performance through the revision of administrative litigation and has two shapes of request and non-request. As of now since enforcement there are different estimation and operation. Recently noticeable cases came out that recognized obligation performance of Minamata disease and industrial waste. They attract attention because of trial of operating lawsuit of duty performance in the field of environmental law and first acceptance of claim. The two cases are especially the type of non-request, direct type can be involved with exercise of regulation power when there are no proper control about companies having environmental problems. Court gave leadingjudgement and it has an effect on the same kind of incidents after this and it has an expectation to have an effect. Korean revised bill has no classification of the type of request and non-request so there are many arguments about translation of revised bill. According to cases that ask for the right to request regarding measure of refusal plaintiff``s claim almost can not go over threshold of lawsuit requirement. Environmental problems can have a great influence on life and body so the barrier of lawsuit requirements needs lowering. In this point the change of judicial control against administration in Japan even if revised bill of Korea still is underway.
박웅서(UngSuh Kenneth Park) 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 1980 중소연구 Vol.5 No.1
The central components in the Chinese modernization campaign are her economic plans, and the central issue in the economic plans is the question of financing various developmental projects. This paper intends to focus on the question of mobilizing both domestic and foreign capital resources in China as well as to determine the difficulties associated with such mobilization. First, a comparison is made between the domestic capital mobilization methods in the PRC and those in less developed societies under market economic arrangements. This is followed by a comparison of foreign resource mobilizations between capitalist LDCs and the PRC. Next, the paper discusses the circular flow of capital resources, and this is followed by a discussion of the mechanics with which capital is actually saved, collected, allocated, and invested in China. Finally the actual resource requirements for the achievement of moderate economic growth targets in the PRC are roughly estimated.