국내 해안 산업도시 음식물류폐기물의 연간 성상 특성 및 바이오가스 발생량

박상혁,JANNAT MD ABU HANIFA,황석환 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Korea recycles approximately four million tons of food waste (FW) annually. Around 80% of this waste is treated as animal feed and compost. As the demand for animal feed and compost from FW decreases, there is an increasing need to find innovative solutions for this waste. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is currently the most realistic solution, and Korea has plans to construct more AD facilities by 2030. Before these facilities can be built, it is essential to study the indicators and frequencies representative of the characteristic changes in FW. The current literature is lacking in this area, as many studies only focus on a few critical indicators over short periods of time. This study aims to overcome this lack of information by analyzing two processes. The first process analyzes the monthly and seasonal variations in FW characteristics of Pohang city for one year. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were performed, and their data was analyzed to provide basic information for AD design. The second process evaluates different methods of estimating methane production to determine which is the most suitable. The FW characterization study was conducted twice a month and the BMP analysis was conducted once a month. An analysis of the physicochemical parameters for one year indicated an average pH of 4.82, an average moisture content of 80.68%, an average volatile solid (VS) value of 174.48 g/L, an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 275.48 g/L, the average carbohydrate, protein, and lipid contents in VS basis were 41.87%, 33.59 %, and 14.34% respectively, and the average BMP was 259.97 ± 12.96 mL/g COD. Principal component analysis of FW characteristics resulted in two significantly different clusters – one for winter and spring and the other for summer and fall. The ANOSIM R-value for these characteristics was 0.821 (p < 0.01). Methane production levels were estimated from FW characteristics using COD, organic composition, and heat value basis. The data indicated that estimating methane production from FW using an organic composition basis rendered more accurate results than the other two methods. These results are beneficial for designing and managing food waste using AD processes as understanding the substrate characteristic change is important to maintaining stability.

Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Patients With Autoantibodies: Is It Effective and Safe Without Increasing Hemolysis Risk?

박상혁,최원호,권석운 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.4

Background: The therapeutic efficacy of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is highly debated because of speculations on the increased risk of transfusion reactions; yet it is a suggested adjuvant therapy in anemic patients with life-threatening hypoxemia. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of RBC transfusions in AIHA patients. Methods: Daily changes in hemoglobin, total bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assessed in 161 AIHA patients without bleeding history who were transfused once with 1-5 units of the least-incompatible RBCs and monitored over a seven-day period. Post-transfusion patients positive for alloantibodies only or those without RBC-specific antibodies were considered as control groups (N=100 for both groups). Results: The three groups revealed similar increases in hemoglobin of 1.40-1.70 g/dL (autoantibodies), 1.20-1.60 g/dL (alloantibodies only), and 1.40-1.55 g/dL (no antibodies) for seven days following transfusion of 10 mL RBCs/kg. During follow-up, no significant changes in total bilirubin or LDH levels were detected in the AIHA group compared with controls. Influences due to autoantibody type, direct antiglobulin test (DAT) specificity and strength, and steroid therapy status on transfusion reactions were not evident in AIHA patients. In addition, changes in hemoglobin levels were significantly higher (P<0.001) in severe anemia (<5 g/dL) than in other patients. Conclusions: Transfusion of the least-incompatible RBCs in AIHA patients is effective and safe without any associated increase in hemolysis risk when compared with post-transfusion patients positive for alloantibodies or those lacking RBC-specific antibodies.

The New Sysmex XN-2000 Automated Blood Cell Analyzer More Accurately Measures the Absolute Number and the Proportion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Than XE-2100 When Compared to Flow Cytometric Enumeration of CD34+ Cells

박상혁,박찬정,김미정,한민영,한상희,조영욱,장성수 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.1

A Case of Residual Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Coexisting With Newly Developed Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells in Ascitic Fluid after Chemotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

박상혁,최현숙,김영진,조영욱,장승수,박찬정,김상위 대한진단검사의학회 2014 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.34 No.2

Dear editor, Synchronous primary lung cancer occurs in only 0.5% of pa- tients with lung cancer, and coexistence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been reported in a very small fraction of lung cancer cases [1, 2]. In NSCLC, malignant cells are generally arranged in three-dimen- sional clusters and have eccentrically placed round to oval nu- clei with prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm may contain single to many vacuoles with diffuse and strong positivity on periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) cytochemical staining. Most NSCLC cells show positive cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for cytokeratin (CK) 7 but negative immunoreactivity for CK20. In SCLC, the small tumor cells have an extremely high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio and show nuclear molding with positive immunocytochemical stain- ing for CD56. The nuclear contours are often “squeezed” in ap- pearance in order to accommodate the contours of the adjacent nuclei (a back-to-back appearance) [3]. To the best of our knowledge, coexistence of residual NSCLC cells and newly de- veloped SCLC cells in ascitic fluid after chemotherapy for previ-ously diagnosed NSCLC has not been reported. Here, we report a case of residual NSCLC cells coexisting with newly developed SCLC cells in the ascitic fluid of a patient who had received che- motherapy for previously diagnosed NSCLC.

Two Cases of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with a Concurrent JAK2V617F Mutation and BCR/ABL Translocation without Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Phenotype Acquisition during Hydroxyurea Treatment

박상혁,지현숙,최영욱,장성수,박찬정,김대영,이제환,이규형 대한진단검사의학회 2013 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.33 No.3

Rare Frameshift Mutation Cys475Tyrfs*11 in the BCR/ABL Kinase Domain Contributes to Imatinib Mesylate Resistance in 2 Korean Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

박상혁,지현숙,권미량,조영욱,장성수,박찬정 대한진단검사의학회 2012 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.32 No.6

Mutations in the BCR/ABL kinase domain contribute to resistance to imatinib, which has driven the choice of second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as dasatinib or nilotinib, in CML patients. Thus far, more than 90 different mutations have been reported in previous reports [1, 2]. The majority of known mutations are missense mutations. In contrast, insertion or deletion mutations are very rare, and only 3 such mutations have been reported [3, 4]. Here, we describe the insertions of 35 nucleotides resulting from frameshift mutation (p.Cys475Tyrfs*11) in the BCR/ABL kinase domain, which contributed to imatinib resistance, in 2 Korean patients with CML. Case 1 was a 20-yr-old woman who was diagnosed with CML in the chronic phase 2 yr before. She had a major BCR/ABL rearrangement (b3a2) at diagnosis with a BCR/ABL fusion transcript/ GAPDH ratio of 0.024 in peripheral blood (PB). She was treated with imatinib. The response was successful during the follow-up period, and the ratio was maintained between 0.0002 and 0.0003 in PB. After 15 months of imatinib treatment, her BCR/ABL quantification ratio increased to 0.05 in PB, which suggested molecular relapse. The therapeutic regimen was changed to dasatinib immediately, and her follow-up BCR/ABL quantification results 3 weeks after the change of treatment regimen showed marked reduction (from 0.05 to 0.00014) in PB. She was in a complete hematologic response state at a followup bone marrow examination that was performed 4 months after the treatment change from imatinib to dasatinib. Case 2 was a 38-yr-old man who was treated with imatinib for 5 yr but who suffered from relapse with a lymphoblastic crisis of CML 4 yr before. After the relapse, he immediately underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and his BCR/ ABL quantification results in PB changed from 0.25 at relapse to negative after the BMT. Five months after the BMT, his followup BCR/ABL quantification results in PB increased to 0.52, which suggested molecular relapse, but the treatment regimen was not changed. Finally, he expired due to sepsis 1 month after molecular relapse. To confirm the diagnosis of imatinib resistance, BCR/ABL kinase domain mutation analyses that were based on reverse transcriptase PCR-direct sequencing were performed retrospectively using stored RNA at the time of molecular relapse for both patients. cDNA was synthesized from stored RNA by reverse transcriptase PCR methods. Three sets of forward and reverse primers were used for amplification of the BCR/ABL kinase domain, and the sequences of each primer were as follows: ABL-A(forward: 5’-CAT CAT TCA ACG GTG GCC GAC GG-3’, reverse:5’-GTT GCA CTC CCT CAG GTA GTC-3’), ABL-B (forward: 5’-GAA GAA ATA CAG CCT GAC GGT G-3’, reverse: 5’-CGT CGG ACT TGA TGG AGA A-3’), and ABL-C (forward: 5’-TGA CAG GGG ACA CCT ACA CA-3’, reverse: 5’-ATC TCA GGC ACG TCA GTG GT-3’). The amplification protocol consisted of an initial denaturation at 95°C for 5 min, which was followed by 32 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 30 sec, annealing at 60°C for 30 sec, and extension at 68°C for 3 min, and a final extension at 72°C for 7 min. After confirmation of the single bands that were sized 393, 482, and 487 bp by electrophoresis for ABL-A, -B, and -C, respectively, direct sequencing was performed using the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction kit on the ABI 3130 genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The Sequencher program (GeneCodes Corp., Ann Arbor, MI, USA) was used for alignment with the reference sequence (Genbank accession no. X16416.1). The identified mutation was described according to the Human Gene Variation Society guidelines (http://www.hgvs.org/). The direct sequencing results for both patients showed the same heterozygous frameshift mutation, which was an insertion of 35 nucleotides between the 1,423rd and 1,424th nucleotide(c.1423_1424ins35...

상대 측면 방위각을 이용한 목표물 주위 선회 유도

박상혁 한국항공우주학회 2015 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.4

본 연구에서는 상대 측면 방위각을 이용한 목표물 주위 선회 유도 법칙을 제안한다. 본 유도 법칙은 전영역 안정성을 가지고 있기 때문에 초기조건에 상관없이 적용될 수 있다. 따라서 일반적으로 흔히 필요한 별도의 경로 명령 생성 없이 무인항공기를 목표물 주위로 유도하여 선회할 수 있도록 한다. 또한 선형해석을 통해 유도 법칙의 특성을 이해할 수 있고, 관련 제어 이득을 결정할 수 있다. 제시된 유도 법칙은 GPS 기반 항법시스템과 영상 기반 항법시스템에 각각 적용되어 비행 실험을 통해 그 성능을 입증하였다. This work presents a guidance law that allows a UAV to orbit around target using relative side-bearing angle. The proposed guidance law has global asymptotic stability. This allows skipping the path planning step which is commonly required in conventional UAV operation. Linear analysis is also presented to allow a proper selection of the relevant control gain. Two flight experiments, one with GPS-based navigation and the other with vision-based navigation system, were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method.

압연공정에서의 피드포워드 제어기 성능 개선에 관한 연구

박상혁,이혜영,이달해 한국지능시스템학회 1996 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.6 No.2

화성시 무인도서 조간대의 저서무척추동물상

박상혁,김세훈,정연우,손대선,마채우 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2020 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

Macrobentic invertebrates on intertidal zone in 14 desert islands of Hwaseong-si investigated from May to December 2008. A total of 48 species was found with mollusca 32, arthropoda 13, annelida, cnidaria and brachiopoda 1. The species diversity was highest in Maebakseom (18 species) and it was lowest in Jebudo, Jageunkkachiseom and Angoryeomseom (10 species). The dominance species was Fistulobalanus albicostatus. The species diversity of the study area was lower than southern coast of Korea. In addition Austruca lactea was an important species in Oenongdo.

창업대학원과 대학생을 연계한 창업컨설팅 사례연구: 액션러닝을 활용한 창업교육 및 컨설팅 프로그램

박상혁,설병문,Park, Sang Hyeok,Seol, Byung Moon 한국벤처창업학회 2014 벤처창업연구 Vol.9 No.1

경영혁신도구로 액션러닝 활용비중은 점차 높아지고 있으나, 5인 이하 규모의 창업인의 경우에는 활용에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 사례로 경남과학기술대학교 창업대학원에서 운영하고 있는 '창업교육 및 컨설팅 융합프로그램'을 살펴보았다. 본 프로그램은 교수가 퍼실리테이터로 참가하고 대학생으로 구성된 팀이 창업대학원생 창업과제를 해결하는 프로그램이다. 본 프로그램의 운영사례는 다음과 같은 의미를 가진다. 첫째, 학부생이 창업과정에 직접 참여함으로써 대학생에게 창업경험을 제공하고 창업마인드 고취 및 역량강화 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 둘째, 창업자의 입장에서는 잠재적 수요자에게 아이템을 직접 검증받는 기회를 갖는다. 검증은 팀활동을 통한 집단지성의 활용과정에서 이루어진다. 이 과정에서 만들어지는 아이디어는 창업자에게 창업과정에서 발생하는 구체적이고 현실적 현안들을 제공한다. 셋째, 참여교수의 퍼실리테이터 기능을 대학원생과 학부생이 학습하는 기회를 가진다. 본 연구결과는 지역의 창업기반과 교육기관을 연계하여 대학내 교육 프로그램을 지역사회에 확산하는 기반을 효과적으로 마련 할 수 있을것이다. 교육과정에서 대학원생과 대학생은 퍼실리테이터로 프로그램 확산에 참여하는 효과가 기대된다. Action learning takes advantage of innovative management tool but not more to small business than five employees. It is difficult to utilize to them. As a case to solve this problem, this study investigates GNTECH(Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)'entrepreneurship training and consulting convergence program. This program is applied to the development and operation of the start-up entrepreneur. Project participants are three groups those are graduate students, undergraduate students and professor. Professor has a role as facilitater. This case has the following meanings. First, by participating in entrepreneurship courses, undergraduate students experience entrepreneurship and mindset can be expected. Second, the start-up entrepreneur has the opportunity to directly verify the item. The consumer's perspective is the use of collective intelligence through team activities carried out in the process. Third, students of graduate and undergraduate has a chance learning facilitator function from professor. The results of this study provide conjunction between university educational programs based on entrepreneurship.