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전자빔 공정에 의한 Pentachlorophenol 분해
권중근(Kwon Joongkuen),김종오(Kim Jongoh),권범근(Kwon Bumgun) 한국지반환경공학회 2012 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.13 No.7
본 연구에서는 전자빔(E-beam) 공정을 이용한 펜타클로로페놀(Pentachlorophenol, PCP)의 분해 특성을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 주어진 반응시간(0.6 s) 동안 생성될 수 있는 각종 반응성 화학종의 농도를 예측하였으며, PCP 분해에 미치는 pH와 과산화수소의 영향 및 이에 따른 G-value 등을 조사하였다. 실험결과, 전자빔공정에서 PCP의 분해는 pH의 영향을 받지 않았다. 1mM 이하의 과산화수소의 주입은 PCP 분해를 촉진시킬 수 있으나 그 이상의 과산화수소의 주입은 오히려 PCP의 분해를 감소시키거나 부산물의 형성을 유도할 것으로 관찰되었다. 특히, 옥살산과 미확인된 유기염소 성분의 농도를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그래서 전자빔공정에서 수산화라디칼의 발생원으로써 적절한 농도의 과산화수소 주입이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. This study focuses on the decomposition of pentachlorophenol(PCP) by an electron beam (E-beam) process. To attain this objective, we investigated the reactive species generated from E-beam process during irradiation (reaction time 0.6 s) and G-values of PCP decomposition and effects of pH and H2O2 as an additive. The effect of pH values was independent on the decomposition of PCP. However, during E-beam irradiation a scavenging effect of added H₂O₂ (> 1mM) for the decomposition of PCP was shown, which was supported by the decreased amounts of Cl? produced by the decomposition of PCP. Meanwhile, oxalic acid and unidentified organic chlorine compounds as by-products were increased by the addition of H₂O₂. Thus, in order to enhance the efficiency of PCP decomposition, the E-beam process has to consider a proper concentration of H₂O₂ as a well-known source of strong oxidant hydroxyl radical.
N -Nitrosodimethylamine의 자외선 광분해 시 질소산화물 생성에 미치는 반응성 화학종의 형성
권중근(Kwon, Joongkuen),김종오(Kim, Jongoh),권범근(Kwon, Bumgun) 한국지반환경공학회 2012 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.13 No.2
NDMA는 잠재적인 발암 물질로 잘 알려져 있기 때문에 UV를 활용한 처리기술과 분해경로에 대해 많은 연구가 이루어졌다. 그러나 NDMA가 NO2<SUP>-</SUP>, NO3<SUP>-</SUP>와 같은 산화물을 형성하는 메커니즘은 아직 명확하게 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 NDMA의 광반응에 의해 생성되는 핵심 반응기들을 검토하였다. 주요 반응기들에 대한 연구는 질소 산화물들의 형성과 메탄올과 NDMA의 광분해에 의해 형성되는 미지의 반응기들 사이에서의 반응을 통하여 간접적으로 수행하였다. NDMA의 직접적인 UV 광반응에 의해서 생성된 ONOO<SUP>-</SUP>가 질소 산화물(중간생성물)들의 산화로 인한 NO2<SUP>-</SUP>와 NO3<SUP>-</SUP>의 핵심 반응기인 것으로 확인되었다. Because N-Nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA) is well-known as a potential carcinogen, extensive research has addressed its treatment by ultraviolet(UV) and its degradation pathway. However, the detailed mechanism by which NDMA is photolyzed to form oxidized products, i.e., NO2<SUP>-</SUP> and NO3<SUP>-</SUP>, is still not understood. This study reveals a key reactive species during the photolysis of NDMA. The study on a key reactive species was indirectly performed with the formation of nitrogen oxidized products and reactions between methanol and an unknown reactive species formed during the photolysis of NDMA. The peroxynitrite(ONOO<SUP>-</SUP>) generated by the direct UV photolysis of NDMA would be identified as a key reactive species in oxidizing nitrogen intermediates to NO2<SUP>-</SUP> and NO3<SUP>-</SUP>.
갑상선 미세 유두암의 수술 전 초음파 검사와 세침흡입검사의 결과에 따른 수술범위 선택의 타당성 검토 : 예비 보고
권중근(Joong Keun Kwon),이상민(Sang Min Lee),이호민(Ho Min Lee),남정권(Jung Gwon Nam),이태훈(Tae-Hoon Lee),이종철(Jong Cheol Lee) 대한두경부종양학회 2011 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Background and Objectives:Although it is well established that patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) have a highly favorable prognosis, the extent of thyroid surgery for PTMC remains unclear. According to the 2011 revised Korean Thyroid Association guideline, the choice of surgical strategy(total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy) for PTMC depends on solely preoperative diagnostic scrutinies-ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology. We want to know how accurately these preoperative diagnostic scrutinies define the choice of surgical strategy for PTMC. Materials and Methods:For 119 patients who underwent total thyroid-ectomy with central neck dissection for PTMC, retrospectively, we compared the choice of surgery according to preoperative work up and postoperative pathologic findings. Results:Overall accuracy of the choice of sur-gery by preoperative work up was 61%. Among patients recommended lobectomy on preoperative work up, completion thyroidectomy on postoperative pathology might be necessary for 60% of patients and hidden central node metastasis was revealed in 31% of patients. Conclusions:The results of this study compel us to reinvestigate the current treatment guideline for PTMC. On current guideline according to the sonography and fine needle aspiration cytology, it might be thought to be better to choose more aggressive surgical strategy.
전자빔 공정에서 H₂O₂와 Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA의 첨가가 수산화라디칼 생성에 미치는 영향
권범근(Kwon, Bumgun),권중근(Kwon, Joongkuen),김종오(Kim, Jongoh) 한국지반환경공학회 2012 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.13 No.10
본 연구에서는 전자빔공정(Electron beam process, E-beam)에서 생성되는 수산화라디칼의 생성특성을 조사하였고, 이 공정에 첨가제로 과산화수소와 Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA을 이용한 펜타클로로페놀(Pentachlorophenol, PCP)의 분해 특성을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 수산화라디칼의 측정은 벤조산(Benzoic Acid, BA)에 의한 hydroxylation으로 생성된 hydroxybenzoic acid(OHBA)의 농도를 정량화하여 수행하였다. 실험결과, 실제 측정된 수산화라디칼의 농도는 예측된 수산화라디칼에 비해 낮은 농도로 나타났으며, 이것은 아마도 E-beam 에너지의 조사와 동시에 형성되는 다양한 반응성 화학종이 수산화라디칼을 스케빈져(scavening)할 것으로 생각되었다. 특히,1mM 이하의 과산화수소 주입은 PCP 분해를 촉진시킬 수 있으나 그 이상의 과산화수소의 주입은 오히려 PCP의 분해를 감소시키거나 PCP의 부산물인 염소이온과 Carbon yield(%)를 증가시키는 요인으로 작용하였다. 반면에, 20μM의 Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA 첨가는 효과적으로 PCP를 제거하였고, 이에 따른 G-value도 증가한 것으로 나타났다. OHBA의 형성과 PCP의 분해를 고려하여 보면, 결과적으로 E-beam공정에 가하는 Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA의 첨가는 상대적으로 낮은 세기에서도 효과적으로 PCP를 처리할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. This study focuses both on the quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radicals formed by an electron beam (E-beam) process and on the decomposition of pentachlorophenol(PCP) in the presence of H₂O₂ and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA as additives. To attain this objective, the quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radical was performed with the hydroylation of benzoic acid (BA), producing hydroxybenzoic acid (OHBA). As a result, the concentrations of hydroxyl radical measured were lower than those of hydroxyl radical predicted. Probably, it indicates that the reactive species generated during E-beam irradiation are able to scavenge the hydroxyl radicals. In particular, the degradation of PCP was promoted by the addition of H₂O₂ (< 1mM). On the other hand, its degradation as well as the generation of chloride ions as a by-product was inhibited by the addition of H₂O₂ (> 1mM), and thus carbon yield(%) of oxalic acid as a by-product was increased. During E-beam irradiation the addition of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA effectively decomposed the PCP, thus increasing the G-values. Considering the formation of OHBA and the decomposition of PCP, these results suggest that the addition of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-EDTA in the E-beam process can produce the further hydroxyl radicals and enhance the efficiency of PCP decomposition at low dose.
권범근(Bum Gun Kwon),임채승(Chae Sung Lim),임혜정(Hye Jung Lim),나숙현(Suk Hyun Na),권중근(Joongkeun Kwon),정선용(Seon Yong Chung) 大韓環境工學會 2015 대한환경공학회지 Vol.37 No.5
이 연구는 영산강 수계 중 수체를 대상으로 10종의 과불화 화합물 (perfluorinated compounds, PFCs)로 인한 오염실태를 파악하기 위한 모니터링을 수행 하였다. 시료채취는 영산강 전수계에 걸쳐 있는 총 18지점에서 이루어졌고, 5-6월인 봄철과 10월인 가을철 두 번에 걸쳐 시료가 채취되었다. 10종의 PFCs 오염물을 대상물질로 하여 분석한 결과, 물 시료 중 농도는 PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonate)가 20.8-92.0 ng/L, PFOA (perfluorooctanoate)가 method detection limit (MDL)-28.40 ng/L로 검출되었으며 PFNA (Perfluorononanoate)가 MDL-42.20 ng/L, PFHxS (perfluorohexanesulfonate)가 MDL-11.47 ng/L로 나타났다. PFOS는 봄과 가을철 모두에서 검출빈도와 그 농도가 높았고, PFOA와 PFNA는 대체로 봄철이, PFHxS의 경우는 가을철에 검출빈도와 농도가 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 하지만 상기 4종을 제외한 다른 PFCs 화학종은 검출빈도가 낮고 매우 낮은 농도인 것으로 나타났다. 하·폐수처리장이 위치한 광주의 도심지역 수계지역의 수체 시료에서 검출된 PFCs의 농도는 타 영산강수계내 수체 시료에 비해 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. To determine the concentrations of selected 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), a field study was conducted in the water body of Yeongsan River Water System. Raw water samples were collected in the spring and the fall, respectively, which included 18 sampling sites. Collected samples were equally mixed and then served as an analytical sample. The concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) were in range of 20.80-92.0 ng/L and ND-28.40 ng/L respectively. Perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) were ranged from ND to 42.20 ng/L and from ND to 11.47 ng/L. The detection frequencies of other PFCs selected in this study were very sparse at very low concentrations, except for PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and PFHxS. PFOS was higher detection frequency and concentration in both spring and fall, PFOA and PFNA were in spring, and PFHxS was in fall. As a result, the observed concentrations of PFCs in the downtown water area of Gwangju, located in the wastewater treatment plants, were relatively higher than other sampling points.
인후두위산역류증(Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: LPR)의 치료에 대한 RabeprazoleSodium(Parietd)의 임상효과와 안전성 검토
정광윤,전병선,고상현,권기환,권순영,권중근,김동영,김상철,김성완,김영모,김영호,김윤환,김장묵,Jung, K.W.,Jun, B.S.,Ko, S.H.,Kwon, K.H.,Kwon, S.Y.,Kwon, J.K.,Kim,, D.Y.,Kim,, S.C.,Kim,, S.W.,Kim,, Y.M.,Kim,, Y.H.,Kim,, Y.H.,Kim,, J.M. 대한기관식도과학회 2004 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.10 No.2
Background and objective : Rabeprazole is a new generation proton pump inhibitor, which has a rapid onset after first dose, predictable efficacy in all patients regardless of CYP2C19 genotype status, and less nocturnal acid breakthrough. The aim of the study is to investigate clinical efficacy and safety of rabeprazole sodium (Pariet 10mg qd)when administered once daily to patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPR) disease. Methods : Among the patients who had visited the Department of Otolaryngology, those with LPR symptoms, had undergone laryngoscopy. Symptoms and endoscopic laryngeal sings were recorded initially, at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and more than 3 months, All patients were evaluated for clinical efficacy on the basis of symptom scores, reflux finding score(RFS), and side effects. Results : In general, most symptom scores and RFS improved over the time. Efficacy of the Pariet on LPR-related symptoms were $63.2\%,\;77.5\%,\;78.7\%,\;and\;90.9\%$ before 4 weeks, 4 to 8 weeks, 8 to 12 weeks, and after 12 weeks respectively. Efficacy on the RFS were $61.8\%,\;78.4\%,\;82.9\%,\;and\;85.5\%$ before 4 weeks, 4 to 8 weeks, 8 to 12 weeks, and after 12 weeks respectively. Pariet was well tolerated and was associated with few drug-related side effects. Conclusion Because of its efficacy and safety, Pariet may prove to be an alternative to currently available proton pump inhibitors.