l ,2-dimethylhydrazine을 투여한 rat 장관의 증식세포 분포와 종양발생에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

강원화,곽수동 대한수의학회 1996 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.1996 No.-

1,2-dimethylhydrazine을 투여한 rat 장관의 증식세포 분포와 종양발생에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

강원화,곽수동,Kang, Won-hwa,Kwak, Soo-dong 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

The present investigation was focussed mainly on the development of the tumors and proliferating cells on the intestinal tracts of 1, 2-dimethyl-hydrazine(DMH)-treated young or adult rats. 26 rats(Wistar, 14 young rats weighting approximately 130~180gm and 12 adult rats weighting approximately 500~550gm) were given subcutaneously once weekly with 20mg of DMH/kg body weight(BW)/week for 8~22 weeks. Individual body weight were recorded weekly at the same day and time. The rats were killed at 8, 13, 15. 17, 19, 21 and 22 weeks. The intestinal tracts were opened longitudinally and carefully examined for tumors. The localization, number, and size of tumors were noted. Tumor-bearing areas were dissected out and fixed on neutral buffered 10% formalin and normal-looking mucosa from 8~22 weeks rats were also taken for fixation. Paraffin sections were stained by H-E for histopathological examination or with immunohistochemical stain for bromodeoxyuridine(Brdur) positive cells. 1. The growth proportion of body weight appeared to be decreased in the DMH-treated young rats than in control young rats and body weight of DMH-treated adult rats appeared to be 13.4% or less lower than weighted on 0 week. 2. Macroscopically, the developed tumors in the intestinal tracts were not observed as early as the 13 weeks after DMH treatment. The number of developed tumors per rat was found to be 14.3, 18.8, 22.3 in 15, 17 and 22 weeks. The numbers of tumors in intestinal regions per rat were 2.1, 4.3, 5.4, 2.5 in duodenum, jejunum, ilium and colon on 15 weeks, 2.3, 6.4, 7.8, 2.3, on 17 weeks, and 2.7, 9.3, 9.0, 1.3 on 22 weeks, respectively and the ileum and jejunum were higher in appearance rate of tumors and tumor types are dome shapes and diameter of largest tumor were 6.3mm. 3. Histopathologically, intestinal mucosa were thickened by the irregular distorted and distended crypts following hyperplasia. The tumors developed on the mucosa and submucosa and were recognized to be adenocarcinoma. 4. Immunohistochemically, the labeling index(LI) was calculated as the ratio of the number of Brdur-labeled cells to the total number of column cells of the crypts with longitudinal axis. LI of Brdur positive cells per crypt were 5.6%, 8.0% on small intestine of control and 22 week group, respectively and 3.7%, 12.7% on large intestine of control and 22 week group, respectively and were appeared to be increase in 22 week group than in control group and to be more number of proliferating cells in 22 week group than in control group. 5. LI of Brdur positive cells in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 segments of crypt column were 11.7%, 10.7%, 3.8%, 0.6%, 0% in small intestine of control group and 23.5%, 11.8%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 0.8% in small intestine of 22 week group, and 5.4%, 7.4%, 3.8%, 1.0%, 0.4% in large intestine of control group and 29.5%, 20.3%, 5.9%, 6.3%, 1.3% in large intestine of 22 week group respectively. So results indicate that the number of proliferating cells by DMH treatment increase and were concentrated on the 1, 2 segments of crypt columns.

이중 특이성 단백질 인산화 효소인 라머카이네즈의 기능

강원화,박희문 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2007 생물공학연구지 Vol.13 No.-

LAMMER family kinases are one of dual-specificity protein kinases and posses motifs that are nearly 100% identical in catalytic subdomain essential for phosphorylating serine/threonine and tyrosine residues, and exist throughout all eukaryotic organisms. They contain common amino acid motif, EHLAMMERILG in kinase subdomain X, and are known to regulate cell growth, differentiation and development by modulating pre-mRNA splicing involved in cell-type specific or common SR proteins. Recent studies, however, revealed involvement of the LAMMER kinase in stress-responses and regulation of gene-expression through interacting with various regulatory proteins such as transcriptional repressers, component of Mediator complex, and others. In this article, we describe recent findings and perspectives on the studies for understanding intracellular roles of the dual-specificity LAMMER kinases.

벤처 현장통신-“당당하게 제안합시다!”

강원화,Gang, Won-Hwa 벤처기업협회 2003 벤처다이제스트 Vol.32 No.-

디베이트 소그룹 지도 사례 연구

강원화,장혜영 한국사고와표현학회 2017 사고와표현 Vol.10 No.2

우리사회에서 소통의 중요성이 커지면서 토론교육의 필요성 또한 날로 높아지고 있다. 그러나 학교 수업 환경의 현실적인 제약과 어려움으로 인해 필요한 만큼의 충분한 토론 교육이 실현되지 못하고 있다. 이런 상황에서 학교 안과 밖에서 소그룹 단위의 디베이트 교육활동이 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 이에 대한 연구는거의 찾아볼 수 없는 상황이다. 본 연구는 5개의 디베이트 소그룹 교육 현장을 대상으로 디베이트 지도 방식과효과를 연구하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 디베이트 소그룹 지도는 토론교육의 본질적인 목표에 부합하고 있다. 둘째, 디베이트 소그룹 지도 방식은 일대일 관리, 토론 전 준비단계의 충실한 지도, 구체적인 분석과 피드백 제공, 수업중 다양한 특별활동, 토론대회의 적극적인 활용 등이 공통적인 지도전략으로 드러났다. 셋째, 디베이트 소그룹 지도의 효과로 학생들은 자신의 토론능력과 토론단계별 효능감이 전반적으로 향상되었다고 평가하였다. 넷째, 디베이트 소그룹을지도하는 코치들은 자신들의 역할을 학생들의 조력자, 촉진자로 인식하고 있었다. 이같이 공교육 현장의 토론교육이 채워주지 못하는 부분들을 채워주는 디베이트 소그룹 활동은 다양한 필요성을 충족시켜 주며 어느 정도 만족할만한 결과로 이어지고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 토론교육이 소그룹 지도의 형태로 사교육 영역에서 더 활성화되고 있는 것은 토론교육에 대한 사회적 요구를 공교육에서 충족시켜주지 못하기 때문이기도 하다. 이런 현실을 볼 때 공교육 현장에서도 활성화 될 수 있는 방안과 학교 밖 디베이트 소그룹 지도현장의 개선을 통해 토론 교육의 질적 제고가 필요한 시점이다. As the importance of communication grows, the importance of debate education is also getting emphasized. Difficulties in school education prevent sufficient debate education from being realized. Thus small-group-based instruction model is now taking places. It is time to do academical studies with such methodology. This thesis deals with the analysis on five small group cases. Followings are the systemic analysis on the concept and method of the small-group-based instruction model. First, small-group-based instruction model complies with the essensial purpose of debate education. Second, small-group-based instruction model is characterized by man-to-man guidance, detailed instructions on pre-debate research, sufficient feedback and after-action review, diversion of class activities and vitalizations of school level debate competitions. Third, students have found confidence by the step-by-step instructions and detailed feedback. Lastly, the instructors found themselves standing as a facilitator, not a tutorer of the class. Which means the instruction model provides an environment that students could actively and independently participate. Throughout the analysis, small-group-based instruction model seems to be compensating the defects of traditional debate education method, and the overall evaluation is quite satisfactory. Traditional debate education has failed to meet the social needs of debate education. And the unmet needs have detoured to private ‘hakwon’ education. Systemic development of debate education is required on the status quo, and small-group-based instruction model could work as a fine alternative.

한우 정액에 B-body 보유 정자와 마우스 조직에 F-body 부유 세포의 출현율

곽수동,강원화,박성식,Kwak, Soo-doog,Kang, Won-hwa,Park, Sung-shik 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

The smear preparations of the semen from Korean native bull and the tissue preparations of the organs from male and female mice were performed by fluorescent staining method. More than 600 spermatozoa per straw from two semen straw groups and more than 300 cells per mouse organ from two mice per sex were observed and then the ratio of spermatozoa bearing B-body and the cells bearing F-body were assessed, respectively. 1. The ratios of spermatozoa bearing B-body in semen of Korean native bull were $37.3{\pm}3.1%$. 2. The ratios of cells bearing F-body in the organs of mice were $63.5{\pm}4.5%$ in male tissues and $7.5{\pm}3.2%$ in female tissues. 3. The organs with higher appearance frequency of F-body were ordered as brain, kidney, stomach, lung, testis, liver, small intestine, spleen and pancreas in male mice and pancreas, small intestine, liver, brain, kidney, lung, spleen and stomach in female mice.

CoQ10 생성 세균의 선별 및 발효조건 최적화

정근일,강원화,이정아,신동하,배경숙,박호용,박희문,Jeong, Keun-Il,Kang, Won-Hwa,Lee, Jung-Ah,Shin, Dong-Ha,Bae, Kyung-Sook,Park, Ho-Young,Park, Hee-Moon 한국미생물학회 2010 미생물학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)은 전자전달계에 필수적인 요소로 질병치료 및 완화에 도움이 되어 산업 의학적으로 그 활용도가 넓어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 CoQ10 생산균주를 선별하기 위하여 quinone 분석 결과 CoQ10을 함유하는 것으로 확인된 8종 미생물의 생장특성과 CoQ10 생산능을 1차 조사하여, 세균류인 Paracoccus denitrificans KCTC 2530과 Asaia siamensis KCTC 12914를 대량배양을 통한 CoQ10 생산에 유리한 특성을 갖는 균주로 선별하였다. 이들 세균류의 생장 및 CoQ10 생산의 최적조건을 플라스크배양으로 조사한 결과, M81 배지를 기반으로 하여 탄소원으로는 4% fructose, 질소원으로는 2% yeast extract가 가장 좋은 것으로 조사되었으며, 배양온도는 $30^{\circ}C$, 배지의 최적 pH는 P. denitrificans KCTC 2530의 경우 pH 6.0, A. siamensis KCTC 12914의 경우 pH 8.0으로 조사되었다. 이를 바탕으로 2 L fed-batch culture를 수행한 결과, P. denitrificans KCTC 2530은 1 L 당 $14.34{\pm}0.473$ mg, A. siamensis KCTC 12914는 $12.53{\pm}0.231$ mg의 CoQ10을 생산하였다. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential lipid-soluble component of membrane-bound electron transport chains. CoQ10 is involved in several aspects of cellular metabolism and is increasingly being used in therapeutic applications for several diseases. Despite the recent accomplishments in metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for CoQ10 production, the production levels are not yet competitive with those by fermentation or isolation. So we tested several microorganisms obtained from the KCTC of Biological Resource Center to find novel sources of strain-development for CoQ10-production. Then we selected two strains, Paracoccus denitrificans (KCTC 2530) and Asaia siamensis (KCTC 12914), and tested to optimize the CoQ10 production conditions. Among the carbon sources tested, CoQ10 production was the highest when fructose was supplied about 4% concentration. Yeast extract produced the highest CoQ10 production about 2% concentration. The highest CoQ10 production was obtained at pH 6.0 for P. denitrificans and pH 8.0 for A. siamensis. And two strains showed the highest CoQ10 production at $30^{\circ}C$, but the highest DCW was obtained at $37^{\circ}C$. In the fed-batch culture, P. denitrificans yielded $14.34{\pm}0.473$ mg and A. siamensis yielded $12.53{\pm}0.231$ mg of final CoQ10 production.

Anti-bormodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody를 이용한 랫드 위(胃)와 장(腸)의 분열 상피세포의 분포에 대하여

곽수동,박성식,강원화,Kwak, Soo-dong,Park, Sung-shik,Kang, Won-hwa 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

The purpose of this stady was to investigate division cells by in vivo bromodeoxyuridine(Brdur) immunohistochemistry for labeling the proliferative epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats. Rats were administrated intraperitonially by twice consecutive injections of 24 hr interval with Brdur(0.05mg/g BW/time) and then were sacrificied at 1 hour after last injection. The specimens were taken from the stomach, small intestine(ileum), and large intestine(colon). The well-oriented crypts and villi in the preparations were examined, The crypt columns and villi were devided into 10 segments from crypt base to surface of the lumen or to villis top. Labeling index(LI) was measured by counting the number of Brdur-positive cells against the total number of crypt column cells in the stomach and large intestine and also against the total numbers of crypt column and it's villi epiterial cells in the small intestine. 1. In the stomach, the LI in each part from segment 1 to segment 10 of the crypt column were 4.2%, 5.0%. 6.6%, 9.0%, 11.3%, 15.3%, 9.3%, 15.6%, 11.3%, 0%, respectively and it's mean LI were 8.7%. The Brdur-positive epithelial cells were predominantly located in the middle regions and middle-upper regions of the crypt columns. 2. In the small intestine, the LI in each part from segment 1 to segment 10 of were 62.4%, 50.9%, 27.8%, 22.5%, 18.6%, 12.1%, 7.5%, 4.3%, 2.5%, 1.4%, respectively and it's mean LI were 21.0%. The Brdur-positive epithelial cells were predominantly located in the lower regions of the crypt columns and tended to be less in the higher regions of the villi than that in the crypt column. 3. In the large intestine, the LI in each part from segment 1 to segment 10 of the crypt column were 19.4%, 29.9%, 34.1%, 41.6%, 41.2%, 32.4%, 25.4%, 15.4%, 10.8%, 1.2%, respectively and it's mean LI were 25.1%, The Brdur-positive epithelial cells were predominantly in the middle and middle-lower regions of the crypt columns. 4. The organs with higher LI were ordered as the large intestine(25.1%), small intestine(21.0%) and stomach(8.7%).