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OMT 모델을 기반으로 한 관계형 데이타베이스 설계 시스템의 구현
정헌석,이은경,임해철,김용환 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-
Database design is the base of the entire process related to the database, and the well-designed database schema has a great effect on the system performance. So, there's a growing need for the automatic schema generation system. In this paper, database design automation system is implemented which translates automatically OMT based database model to relational database table. For developing this system, transformation rules of OMT into RDB schema are suggested which satisfy normalization and integrity constraints. This automation system can be used efficiently in the area of training database system and applying database design in actual business fields.
박병량,박선자,정영홍,안창규,김용환 부산대학교 학생생활연구소 1993 硏究報 Vol.28 No.1
This study has a twofold aim : (1) to analyze campus culture in general and student culture in particular in terms of value orientation of higher education, everyday life of students, academic and career culture, and organizational culture, and (2) to find tentative developmental program as an advanced form of the campus culture. Ethnographic approach is adopted as an appropriate methodology, which includes indepth interview and participant observation. The major results of this study can be summarized a follows: First, what students expect as their dreams when they commence their college life are intellectual or academic growth, personality/character development, and self-realization, etc. However, the existing campus culture does not provide such a rich intellectual environment satisfying their needs. Thus, the university has to play the leading role in provoking intellectual development through the institutionalization of liberal/general education course. Second, the academic culture is not sufficiently internalized for student. The operational problems of the regular curriculum and career orientation seem to be the causes of the phenomena. Therefore, university requires not only the operation of formal curriculum and reform of teaching method, but also has to make a thoroughgoing management of assignments and examinations. Third, student' consciousness of career development proceeds from the stage of romantic academic pursuit(freshman) through that of real understanding of their major studies(sophomore to first-term of junior) to that of preparation for job & the final decision (after second term of junior). However, the formal course offering and career guidance are not made enough, corresponding to those stage. Thus, the establishment of career guidance center guidance center is required at department or college unit and university at large. Finally, university administrator professor are short of educational influence. When students trusts and respect their teachers, educational efficiency will be increased. Therefore, administrative and teaching staffs have to form an intimate relation with educational interests for students. In conclusions, it is reaffirmed that university has to make every effort towards the construction of academic culture as the mission.
지치세포 배양에 의한 ${\gamma}$-Linolenic Acid 생산
김용환,김정봉,류태훈,이철희,황영수 한국식물생명공학회 1995 식물생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.2
지치 (Lithospermum erythorhizon SIEB, et ZUCC)의 잎조직으로부터 유도한 캘러스를 현탁배양하여 약리성 지방산인 ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA)를 생산하는 기술을 확립하고자 탄소원, 질소원, 생장조절제의 영향을 조사하였다. 캘러스 유도는 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D 단용첨가시 가장 왕성하였다. Sucrose 88mM농도에서 세포생육이 가장 왕성하고 총지방산(TFA)중 GLA비율이 높아 단위건물중당 TFA함량이 가장 낮았음에도 flask당 GLA생산량은 가장 많았다. 질소원으로서 potassium nitrate농도증가는 세포생장 및 지방산함 량 및 GLA함량을 증가시켰으며 최고 처리농도인 56.3 mM 에서 최고수준을 나타냈다. IAA 첨가는 배양세포 생장량을 증가시켰고 2,4-D는 배양세포내의 총지방산 함량을 높이는 결과를 나타내었으나, kinetin과 BA는 세포생육에 저해적 영향을 나타냈다. $10^{-7}$ M ABA는 캘러스생장을 유의적으로 증가시켰으며 TFA 및 GLA함량도 증가시켰으나 현탁배양세포의 생육과 지방산 축적에는 저해적으로 작용하였다. To produce ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) by cell cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, we optimized medium compositions including carbon sources, nitrogen sources and growth regulators. MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-D was effective for callus induction from mesophyll tissue. Addition of sucrose at 88mM concentration induced active proliferation of suspension cells and increased GLA content. Increased supplement of potassium nitrate as nitrogen source resulted in proliferous cell growth and increased total fatty acid content Abscisic acid increased cell growth and fatty acid content in callus culture, whereas as it had an inhibitory effect in suspension cell culture.
시판냉장 , 냉동 및 포장육 중 식중독균의 분포 및 혈청형
김용환,강호조,김종염,정석찬,이성미,석주명 한국식품위생안전성학회 1999 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.14 No.4
The prevalence and serotype of food-borne pathogens was investigated from 888 samples of chilled meat, 222 samples of packed frozen meat and 117 samples of imported frozen meat during the period from March 1996 to October 1998. Isolation rates of pathogens associated with food poisoning were revealed in order of Staphyloccus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni/coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp, but Escherichia coli O157:H7 was not isolated in all of the meat samples. Amusingly, Cczmpylobacter jejuni/coli were isolated highly in refrigerated meat, but was not isolated in packed frozen meat. L. monocytogenes was encounted higher isolation frequency in packed frozen chicken meat than in refrigerated chicken meat. In the distribution of serotypes of isolates, most isolates of Sta. aureus classified as enterotoxin type C and D. All of the Salmonella spp. isolated from pork were diagnosed group A and most of isolates from chicken meat were grouped B and D. Most of L. monocytogenes isolated from chicken meat were grouped type 1 and a few number of isolates classified as type 4.