아리요시 사와코(有吉佐和子) 『황홀한 사람(恍惚の人)』의 치매 표현 고찰

최재철,김성은 韓國世界文學比較學會 2012 世界文學比較硏究 Vol.41 No.-

人間の生まれは死のスタ一トラインという言葉があるように、すべての人間は老化の過程を通過することになる. 時間の流れによって生物學的な老化が進行すると思えば、これは極めて自然な成長と發達過程と言えよう. 日本の女流作家の有吉佐和子(1931~1984)の『恍惚の人』(1972)は、このような自然的な發達過程の中で、老化の變異によって發生された癡□にかかった老人を素材にしている. この作品は發表と同時に大衆の大きい寬心を得て、介護保險の構築という社會制度の整備を促すことになったという事實は、文學を通じた社會の改善という點においても目立った成果である. 先行硏究は世話役である嫁に中心を置いて、癡□老人である〈茂造〉を他者とし、當事者の內面の心理をあまり把握しようとしなかった. 本稿では、癡□症狀の發生前後の老人の行動を考慮し、癡□を病む當事者を中心に據えて、癡□に關する表現とその意味を考察した. 『恍惚の人』は嫁の〈昭子〉が癡□にかかった舅を介護する內容で、老人問題だけではなく一步進んで社會福祉の全般にまで問題提起をしている. □に超高速高齡化社會に進入した日本は、この作品が發表された1970年代頃までには、老人福祉を筆頭にした老人問題全般に對してそれほど關心がなかった. スト一リ一の進行も茂造を徹底的に疏外された〈他者〉として認識し、昭子をはじめとした〈介護する者〉に視點を合わせていると言える. しかし、癡□にかかる前とは違い、月と花、鳥などの自然物に關心を寄せたり、普段苛めていた嫁に微笑みで密接な關係を維持する姿は、癡□症の發症者の單純な條件反射ではなく、微弱ではあるけれども自分の本能的に意志を持って、身近な自然物と嫁に對し、愛著を現わしていると思う. 癡매老人の茂造だけではなく、以外に作品の中の多くの周邊人物を通じて、人生における一つの過程としての老化を垣間見せていて、老化を受け入れざるを得ない信利と昭子の姿勢を把握することができた. 老化は退行や死の影などの否定的なイメ一ジで認識されている場合が多いが、これを人生の一部として受け入れる夫婦を通じて、老年ということの意味と現實を直視しているという點に意義があると思う. このように、癡매老人を主體として認知しようとする視角を通じ茂造の特異反應と老化の意味を具體的に確認した. また、作家有吉は癡매老人の茂造の小さな反應を逃さず把握する裝置として、現代人の疏外しがちな自然物を設定すると共に、〈夢見る人〉の微笑みで〈恍惚な〉幸福感を現わしていると見て、社會的な弱者である老人を排斥せず、包容していくべきである、ということを示唆していると言える.

모리 오오가이(森鷗外)의 역사소설

최재철 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소 2001 日本硏究 Vol.16 No.-

安倍能成の『戦後の自叙伝』考察

崔在喆 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2011 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.30

상진폭 특성을 가지는 새로운 3차원 16진 신호성상도의 설계

최재철,강석근,Choe, Chae-Cheol,Kang, Seog-Geun 한국정보통신학회 2011 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.15 No.10

In this paper, design of a new 3-dimensional (3-D) 16-ary signal constellation with constant envelope is presented and analyzed. Unlike the conventional 16-ary constellations, all signal points of the new constellation are uniformly located on the surface of a sphere so that they have a unique amplitude level and a symmetrical structure. When average power of the constellations is normalized, the presented 16-ary constellation has around 11.4% increased minimum Euclidean distance (MED) as compared to the conventional ones that have non-constant envelope. As a result, a digital communication system which exploits the presented constellation has 1.2dB improved symbol error rate (SER). While signal points of the conventional constant-envelope constellation are not distributed uniformly on the surface of a sphere, those of the proposed constellation has a completely symmetric distribution. In addition, the new signal constellation has much lower computational complexity for practical implementation than the conventional one. Hence, the proposed 3-D 16-ary signal constellation is appropriate for the application to a communication system which strongly requires a constant-envelope characteristic. 본 논문에서는 디지털통신을 위한 새로운 3차원 16진 신호성상도의 설계방법을 제시하고 그 성능을 분석한다. 기존의 성상도와는 달리 새로운 성상도는 모든 신호점들이 구의 표면에 균일하게 분포하므로 상진폭과 대칭적 구조 특성을 동시에 만족한다. 신호성상도의 평균전력을 정규화시킨 경우 제시된 16진 신호성상도는 기존의 비상진폭(non-constant envelope) 성상도들에 비하여 최대 11.4% 가량 증가된 최소 유클리드 거리를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이로 인하여 가산성 백색 가우시안잡음 환경에서 제안된 신호성상도가 적용된 디지털 통신시스템의 심볼오율은 기존 성상도를 이용하는 시스템에 비하여 1.2dB 가량 향상됨을 확인할 수 있다. 유클리드 거리 측면에서 최적화된 기존 상진폭 신호성상도에서는 신호점들이 구의 표면에 균일하게 분포하지 않는 반면 새로운 성상도는 3차원 신호공간에서 완전 대칭인 신호점 분포를 가진다. 이와 함께 기존의 성상도에 비하여 제안된 성상도에서는 설계에 요구되는 연산복잡도가 거의 없는 장점도 있다. 따라서 제안된 3차원 16진 신호성상도는 편광편이키잉과 같이 상진폭 특성이 요구되는 디지털 통신시스템에 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) Augments Acute Lung Injury via Its Neutrophil Priming Effects

최재철,Jae Woo Jung,Hee Won Kwak,Ju Han Song,Eun Ju Jeon,신종욱,In Won Park,최병휘,김재열 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.2

Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has immuno-stimulatory effects. We hypothesized that GM-CSF plays an important role both in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and hemorrhage-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We also postulated that GM-CSF augments LPS-induced inflammation by priming neutrophils. ALI was induced in GM-CSF-/- or control C57BL mice either by LPS injection or by hemorrhage. Lung inflammation (by lung expression for tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), interleukin-1 (IL-1 ), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), and keratinocyte-derived chemokine) and lung injury (by myeloperoxidase and evans blue dye assay) were evaluated after ALI. Incremental doses of LPS (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) and GM-CSF (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) were added to bone marrow neutrophils. The expression of TNF- , MIP-2, and IL-1 was evaluated with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA expression of three cytokines, and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF -B) were evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and electropnoretic mobility shift assay, respectively. GM-CSF -/- mice showed decreased neutrophil infiltration, less leakage, and lower expression of cytokines in the lung after LPS or hemorrhage. GM-CSF augmented LPS-induced protein and mRNA expression of TNF- , MIP-2 and IL-1 , which was mediated by increased intra-nuclear translocation of NF- B. GM-CSF plays an important role in high-dose LPS and hemorrhage-induced ALI, which appears to be mediated by its priming effect on neutrophils.

급성 어지럼증으로 대학병원 응급실을 방문한 환자에서 뇌자기공명영상의 진단적 유용성

최재철,이정석,강사윤,강지훈 대한신경과학회 2007 대한신경과학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Background: Dizziness is one of the most common neurological symptoms for visiting the emergency department. Acute vertigo and severe imbalance may be the only presenting features of cerebellar stroke that could masquerade as a peripheral vestibular lesion. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) proved to be very sensitive in detecting acute stroke involving brainstem or cerebellum. In this retrospective study, we investigated the diagnostic yield of emergency brain MRI among the patients who visited emergency department with acute dizziness. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of consecutive patients with acute dizziness who were seen in emergency department of Cheju National University Hospital between May 2005 and Oct 2006. We collected following the information from medical records. (1) Age, sex, and blood pressure at emergency department (2) Type, duration, accompanying symptoms of dizziness and positive finding from neurological and neuro-otological examination (3) Vascular risk factors (4) Results of MRIs. Results: During the study period, 360 patients visited emergency department due to isolated acute dizziness. Emergent MRIs were performed in 84 (23.3%) patients. Although about 90% of them were older than 50 years and 60% of them had at least one or more vascular risk factors, central causes of dizziness were found in only five patients including four acute cerebellar infarctions and a cerebellar hemorrhage. Diagnostic yield of emergent MRI was only 6%. Conclusions: In this study, emergency brain MRIs showed limited diagnostic yield among patients who visited emergency department with acute isolated dizziness.

새로운 결핵약제, 새로운 가능성

최재철 대한내과학회 2017 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2017 No.2

잠복결핵 감염의 진단과 치료

최재철 대한의사협회 2014 대한의사협회지 Vol.57 No.1

Tuberculosis (TB) is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nearly one-third of the world’s population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 10% of them will develop active TB during their lifetime. The tuberculin skin test or interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) is the method for diagnosis of latent TB infection. Although commercially available IGRAs have limitations in serial testing, and testing children and immunosuppressive patients, IGRAs have superior sensitivity and specificity compared with conventional tuberculin skin testing, especially in Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccinated populations. For the treatment of latent TB infection, 9 months isoniazid is the standard treatment in Republic of Korea. However, shorter treatment regimens, including 4 months of rifampin, 3 months of isoniazid/rifampin, and once weekly isoniazid/rifapentine are currently alternatives. Identification and treatment of latent TB infection has lowered the TB incidence in developed countries. Therefore, for TB control, diag-nosis and treatment of latent TB infection is important. However, there is lack of research on latent TB infection in South Korea. To revise the guideline, a large prospective trial on the treatment of latent TB infection is needed.

Essentials of Primary Care : 호흡기 (컨벤션홀 C) ; 2014년 결핵 진료 지침 무엇이 바뀌었나?

최재철 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.-

한국인을 위한 스페인어 교수법

최재철 한국서어서문학회 1999 스페인어문학 Vol.14 No.1

Este estudio persigue analizar la adquisicio′n de la segunda lengua con el fin de hallar un me′todo de ensen~anza del espan~ol ma′s eficaz para los coreanos. Las teori′as sobre la adquisicio′n de la segunda lengua pueden ser clasificadas en tres grupos segu′n cada perspectiva teo′rica: perspectiva conductista, perspective innatista y perspectiva interaccionista. Respecto al me′todo de ensen~anza, el me′todo audio-oral, el me′todo natural, y la ensen′anza comunicativa de la lengua son los me′todos ti′picos que se derivaron de las teori′as de cada perspectiva. La mayori′a de los me′todos actuates, que pertenecen a una aproximacio′n comunicativa, ponen e′nfasis en input comprehensible, contexto significativo, curri′culo enfocado en funciones y actividades, y aprendizaje concentrado en estudiantes. Los dos me′todos que incluyen esta caracteri′stica-el me′todo natural y la ensen~anza comunicativa de la lengua-fueron examinados con detalle, compara′ndose uno a otro en torno al texto espan~ol. Aunque la posicio′n de la grama′tica en la ensen~anza es diferente, ambos me′todos tienen muchos puntos comunes. En Corea, el me′todo de grama′tica-traduccio′n y el me′todo audio-oral hen sido me′todos comunes en las clases de espan~ol. Resulta que estos dos me′todos no pudieron contribuir al desarrollo de la fluidez o de la facultad comunicativa de la lengua espan~ola. Por eso, este estudio nos recomienda que no usemos ma′s estos me′todos ineficaces, sino otro me′todo-la ensen~anza comunicativa de la lengua-como medio principal de la ensen~anza del espan~ol para los coreanos. Por u′ltimo, se ofrecen unas actividades ti′picas de la ensen~anza comunicativa de la lengua que pueden ser u′tiles para la clase de espan~ol.