Speaking Stella and Silent Astrophil : An Unstable Gender Paradigm in Astrophil and Stella

( Bae¸ Kyung-jin ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.3

The first English sonnet sequence, Astrophil and Stella (1591) by Philip Sidney (1554-1586), has been traditionally considered to embody a powerful sense of subjective presence and philosophical trappings in relations to love and desire. Traditional literary criticism has long been preoccupied with the poet as a desiring subject in the Renaissance love lyrics while the beloved lady is passively and silently represented by a male voice. In her traditional idealization, bordering at times on idolatry, the beloved lady is in fact reduced to silence, which was the most virtuous ideal of feminine decorum in Elizabethan period. In search of the previously hidden or overlooked female voices, this study aims to reexamine the typically gendered paradigm in Sidney's sonnet sequence between a silent female beloved lady and a speaking male poet-lover. Although the Petrarchan mistress is sometimes silenced, in some significant cases she is not. Not only does Stella speak, but the power and significance of her speech are also found at several points in the sequence. It is notable that Stella's voice is represented equal to Astrophil's own. Being a proxy for the representation of the male poet-lover's self, and therefore assigned a silent and iconic function, she occasionally plays an active role, while the male poet is passive and silent. In front of Stella's authoritative and virtuous speech, Astrophil is presented helpless, passive and silent. Though the Eighth song offers Stella's most frank and first person description of her desire for Astrophil, she denies Astrophil. Facing her refusal, Astrophil turns to looking inward in his dark, private and silent state. The last sonnet is overtly artificial and conventional with its Petrarchan metaphors and sentiments and reveals a sense of inability: confined within a convention and unable to say anything else. Stella is enforced to silence but on occasion she repels Astrophil in her speaking in contrast with a passive, helpless and most of all silent Astrophil.

무선 애드 혹 기반 액티브네트워크상에서 QoS지원에 관한 연구

李基源,裵振勝,丁燦赫,金玄郁,李光培,姜景仁,朴京培,文泰洙,郭承郁,河載承 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - In this thesis, we propose a QoS supporting method on wireless ad hoc-based active network for improving reliability. On the loss of route path, the existing DSR routing protocol has several problems with wireless network communication because of decease of data reception rate and increase of network load. The proposed method improves reliability of data transfer by using functions of active network. That is, by using functions of active nodes and active packets, the proposed method supports QoS with reservation transfer method that saves data packets on transfer at intermediate nodes with lost path and then re-transmit the packets after route reconfiguration.

MANET 라우팅 프로토콜 QoS 지원서비스의 성능평가에 관한 연구

鄭燦赫,金鉉郁,李光培,姜景仁,朴京培,劉忠烈,吳世德,裵振勝,趙榮泰 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.23 No.-

In this paper, we evaluated two main QoS supporting routing protocol on wireless ad hoc network. At presence, wireless mobile communication focuses on how to efficiently support mobility of users more than QoS guarantee. However, in order to satisfy requirement of various applications which have been or will be served, QoS support service between source and destination becoming a very important issue. Of all routing protocols, DSR and AODV are very important routing protocol in MANET. So we simulated DSR and AODV QoS Routing Protocol Through simulation evaluation tool NS(Network Simulation) based on various environments.

소아에서의 선천성 상완동맥 동맥류 : Case report and review of the literatures

배진선,설지영,김경헌,이영 大韓脈管外科學會 1995 大韓脈管外科學會誌 Vol.11 No.2

한국 약용식물부터 폴리폐놀류군의 분리 및 기능성화장품소제로서의 응용

배두경,김성기,고대원,이창언,이진태,안봉전 경산대학교 생명자원개발연구소 2001 생명자원과 산업 Vol.5 No.-

For develope the functional cosmetic material. we extracted the Korean persimmon leaves in 80% ethanol solution and isolated fraction I, II, III, to use Sephadex LH-20 column. Their polyphenol quantity was 20%, 70%, 82.8% individually and fraction II, III had polyphenol which included a many flavan-3-ol skeleton structure. We investigated various biological activity such a tyrosinase, xanthin oxidase inhibition, SOD-like acivity and DPPH. Inhibitory effect of tyrosinase was inhibited 51.7%, 74.7% at 50 ppm, 500 ppm of the fraction III and SOD-like activity increased quickly at 500ppm of the fraction II, III. DPPH effect had 80% electron donate ability at 50 ppm all of the fraction and xanthin oxidase was more inhibited 80% at 50 ppm of fraction II, III. These results showed possibility that polyphenols of the Korean persimmon leaves become the functional cosmetic ingredient

슬관절 등속성 운동시 근골격 모델의 검증:실험 및 모의실험 연구 : 실험 및 모의실험 연구 An Experimental and Simulatio study

배태수,강성재,최경주,김신기,유재욱,진미령,문무성 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

다량의 균일한 액적 제조를 위한 분리막 기반 미세유체 소자 시스템

장문배, 유진오, 염경호 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2013 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.2

In this study, we designed the microfluidic device system based on the separation membrane for generating monodisperse emulsion droplets with diameters ranging from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. To generate fine droplets, T-junction and flow-focusing geometry are integrated into the microfluidic channel. Also put the membrane into the microfluidic device to make droplets effectively. PDMS devices can be easily, quickly, and inexpensively fabricated with superb resolution. However, PDMS devices are swelled other organic solvent. So we could produce droplets using fluorocarbon oil. The droplet size was controlled by adjusting the flow ratio between continuous phase flow and dispersed phase flow and also membrane pore size

초등 학생의 무용 태도 조사

배진경 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

This study has a purpose to relation of the attitude towards dance of elementary student. Target of the survey was 195 elementary student composed of male and female. A questionnaire titled "A Study on the Attitude toward Dance" of which reliability was cronbach's α=.5725-.6816 showed. This study brings the follow conclusions by using statistical analysis such as t-test, Oneway ANOVA. Secheffe's ex facto verification. The findings of such an analysis are as follow: First, the attitude toward dance was differentiated by sex, showed significantly(.05) difference by social and art experience. Such as health and physical strength, purification of emotion difference were not found. Second, the attitude toward dance was differenced by level of school, showed significantly(.05) difference by social experience, health and physical strength. Purification of emotion difference were not found. Third, the attitude toward dance was differentiated by religion, showed significantly(.05) difference by art experience. Such as social experience, health and physical strength, purification of emotion differences were not found.

지렁이 분변토로부터 황화수소 분해 균주의 분리 및 특성

배무,박상진,류희욱,조경숙,이은영 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 이화환경연구 Vol.1 No.-

탈취제로 이용되고 있는 지렁이 분변토로 부터 황화수소를 제거하는 황산화 세균 CP-5를 분리하였다. 이 균주는 운동성이 없고 Gram 음성인 단간균 이었으며, cytochrome oxidase와 catalase test에 양성 반응을 보였다. CP-5 균주는 환원형 황합물을 기질로 하는 배지에서 독립영양적인 생장이 가능하였다. 이 균주는 thiosulfate 에서 tetrathionate를 중간생성물로 하여 최종적으로 sulfate로 산화하고, elemental sulfur를 일단 thiosulfate로 산화한 후, sulfate까지 재산화하는 것으로 사료되었다. 독립영양 배지에 yeast extract 를 첨가하면 균의 생장이 촉진되었다. CP-5 균주 현탁액에 H₂S를 2vvm의 유속으로 주입하면 140ppm까지는 거의 완전하게 제거 가능하였다. 본 연구결과로부터 CP-5 균주는 분변토에서 황화수소를 제거하는 대표적인 탈취균주이며, 황화수소 제거를 위한 생물학적 탈취 공정에 활용 가능하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. A new sulfur-oxidizing bacterium which was capable of degrading hydrogen sulfide was isolated from earthworm casts using deodorant materials. The cell of isolate CP-5 was short rod, gram negative and non-motile, the activities of cytochrome oxidase and catalase were positive. The isolate could autotrophically grow in the basal mineral medium supplemented the reduced sulfur compounds such as thiosulfate and elemental sulfur. This bacterium could oxidize thiosulfate and elemental sulfur to sulfate, and the metabolic intermediates were considered as tetrathionate and thiosulfate, respectively. The removal of hydrogen sulfide by the isolate CP-5 was confirmed, and the CP-5 was regarded as one of microorganisms responsible for degradation of hydrogen sulfide in earthworm casts. The isolate CP-5 can be applied to biodeodorization systems for the improvement of removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide.

상악골 급속확장술식 전후 두경부 자세와 설골위치의 변화에 관한 연구

배현철,차경석,이진우 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.4

본 연구는 상악골 급속확장술식 후 호홉변화와 연관된 두경부 자세의 변화와 이에 따른 설골 위치 변화의 양상을 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 평균연령이 12세 9개월이고 Hellman stage Ⅲc에서 adult stage까지의 인두강이 정상적이며 상악골 급속활장술식을 시행한 Angle씨 Ⅲ급 골격양상의 남녀환자 32명을 대상으로 하여 이들 중 상악골 급속확장술식 시행 후 두경부각도가 증가된 군을 A군으로, 감소된 군을 B군으로 분류하였고 대조군은 연구대상과 동일한 Hellman stage이며 평균연령 12세 7개월의 Angle I급 골격양상을 띠는 남녀환자 23명으로 이들을 C군으로 하여 골격양상과 인두강크기, 두경부자세, 설골 위치에 대한 항목을 연구하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 골격양상과 인두강 비교 1) A, B군의 치료 전후 비교에서, 두 군 공히 하악이 하방경사되었고 인두강 크기는 변화가 없었다. 2) 세 군간의 치료 전후를 각가 비교한 결과, A, B군의 PMV에 대한 골격 양상과 인구강의 크기는 정상이었다. 2. 두경부 자세비교 1) A, B군의 치료 전후비교에서, A군은 두경부 각도가 상방으로 B군은 두경부 각도와 하악하연이 하방으로 경사됨을 보였다. 2) 세 군간의 치료 전후를 각각 비교한 결과, 치료전에 두경부 각도가 A군은 정상적이었으며, B군은 정상보다 상방 경사짐을 보였다. 치료후에는 A, B군 모두 정상적인 두경부각도를 보였다. 3. 설골 위치 비교 1) A, B군의 치료 전후 비교에서, 두군 공히 설골장축 각도의 변화가 없었고 전후방적으로 A군은 설골이 후방위치되었으며 B군은 변화가 없었다. 수직적으로는 A군의 APHFH가 증가되었을 뿐 나머지 항목에서는 두 군 모두 변화가 없었다. 2) 세 군의 치료 전후를 각각 비교한 결과, 설골장축 각도는 A, B군 모두 정상적이었으며, 전후방적으로 치료전에 A군이 B, C군보다 설골이 전방에 위치되었으나 치료후에는 A, B군 공히 정상적 위치였었다. 설골의 수직적 위치는 치료 전후에 A, B군 모두가 정상적이었다. The present study assessed the effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on head posture and hyoid bone position. For this study, 32 Angle's class Ⅲ patients - hellman 3c ~ adult, mean age 12y9m - were selected and divided into two groups, A,B according to craniocervical angulation. Crantiocervical angulation Increased in Group A and decreased in Group B after the therapy. And 23 Angle's class I persons ~ same hellman state, mean age 12y7m ~ were selected for the control group. Cephalometric analysis of skeletal pattern, pharyngeal space, head posture, hyoid bone position was performed. The results were as follows, 1. Comparison of skeletal pattern and pharyngeal space 1) All two group(A,B) had Mandibular plane inclined inferiorly and no pharyngeal space change was observed after RME therapy. 2) Skeletal pattern and pharyngeal space of Group A,B were normal before and after treatment. 2. Comparison of head posture 1) Cranicoervical angulation of Group A was increased after treatment. That of Group B was decreased and mandibular plane was inclined inferiorly after treatment. 2) Before treatment, craniocervical inclination was normal in Group A but larger than normal in Group B. After treatment, all two group(A,B) had normal craniocervical angulation. 3. Comparison of hyoid bone position. 1) After treatment, long axis of hyoid in Group A,B was not changed. Antero-posteriorly, hyoid position was changed posteriorly in Group A but no change was founded in Group B after treatment. Vertically, hyoid bone position were not changed in two groups except in crease in APHFH in Group B after treatment. 2) Long axis of hyoid bone was normal in Group A, B before and after treatment. Anteroposteriorly, hyoid bone positon was more anterior than Group B, C before treatment but all the position of two groups had normal position after treatment. Vertical position of hyoid bone was normal in all two groups before and after treatment.