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집중력의 확산현상과 구조의 불연속에 기인되는 응력집중현상의 유한요소법에 의한 해석
A finite element model of a problem gives a piecewise approximation to the governing equations. The basic premise of the finite element method in that a solution region can be analytically modeled or approximated by replacing it with an assemblage of discrete elements. In this paper, to analyze the stress diffusion of the cantilevered plate subjected to concentrated load and the stress concentration of the plate with a circular hole in its center, the governing equation is derived by energy method. The two dimensional finite elements of the triangular element and the rectangular element with two degrees of freedom at each node are used for this problem and are defined by speci-fying geometry, internal displacement functions, strain-displace ment relations and stress displacement relations. To analyze the stress diffusion of the cantilevered plate the rectangular element is used and this element has the comp-atibilities of the displacements. To analyze the stress concen-tration of the plate with a circular hole in its center the triangular element is used and this triangular element is suita-ble for the shapes of the irregular boundaries. The stress diffusion factors of the cantilevered plate sub-jected to concentrated load, and the stress concentration factors of the plate with a circular hole in its center are obtained. The results are plotted graphically and the parts of these results are compared with Ref.(6), Ref(8) and Ref.(16). They agree good enough to accept the problem of engineerings in this field.
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The purpose of this study shall be analyze the calculated stress value of the building structures which will be occurred uneven settlement and the building structures which won't be occurred and then examine the effect of uneven settlement upon the member finally suggest the cowelation for the design datum. The scope of this study shall grasp the effect of uneven settlement upon the stress of members in the case of reinforced concrete buildings with the spread foundation structure. The variables on the members stress value of the building structures subjected to uneven settlement are the state of ground, the rate of subsidence, the rigidity of structure, the state of loading, the number of stories, span, the number of spans, the measure of uneven settlement and the compounding of settlement points. However, this study will deal with simply the number of stories, span, the number of span, the measure of uneven settlement and the compounding of settlement points. For the purpose of working out the stress value, this study will use 'SAP 90' which is inspected by direct stiffness matrix method and will compare this value with the stress value of the building structures which won't be occurred uneven settlement on every variables as mentioned above. This study amount to the conclusion as following. 1. The bigger the angle of settlement the gower the moment as the proportion type of ship, the shorter span the grower M'/M rapidly. And in the cases of same settlement values, the shorter span is more affected by settlement than the longer span. 2. The bigger the angle of settlement the grower the shearing force, the shorter span the grower S'/S rapidly. And the moment is more affected by uneven settlement than the shearing force is. 3. Regarding 2SPAN & 3SPAN, the change of moment at the end point is more remarkable than the change of the center point. The quantity increased of the building structure which is settled the center point is grower than that of the building structure which is settled of moment is grower rapidly than closer the settlement point. 4. Regarding the 10 story model and 5 story model, the change of moment occurs under 4th story. And the quantity increased of moment is grower rapidly than closer the settlement point. Finally, the change of moment for 10 story model is same that for 5 story model.
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오늘날 有限要素法은 理論的인 解를 求하기가 어려운 構造物을 解析하는데 매우 效果的인 方法으로 알려지고 있다. 本 論文에서는 이러한 有限要素法올 利用하여 二次元問題의 解析에 對하여 考察하였다. 즉 中央에 圓孔과 타엔공을 갖는 平板을 擇하여 有限要素法에 依한 三角形要 素分割을 使用하여 平板의 應力成分들을 計算하였다. 應力集中係數와 最小斷面의 應力分布曲線은 ISHIDA의 理論解와 比較하였으며 타엔공의 角度變化가 0°, 45°, 90° 일 때의 應力集中係數는 SAVIN의 理論解와 比較하여 나타내었다. The finite element method has recently been known as a very effective method performing the structural analysis which is difficult to obtain theoretical solution. In this paper the analysis of the two dimensional problem by the finite element method is reported. The plate having a circular hole at the center of the plate were subdivided into a system of triangular element, and stress components of a strip of plate were calculated by using the finite element method. The stress concentration factors along the change of angles of 0˚, 45˚, 90˚degrees were compared with the results obtained by SAVIN. The stress concentration factor and the stress distribution on the minimum section were compared with the results obtained by ISHIDA.
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When a high-rise building is subjected to earthquake ground motions, the effective method of seismic analysis is response-spectrum analysis method. But if response-spectrum is compared with time history methods, the results of response-spectrum can sometimes underestimate the maximum response as well as overestimate it. In this paper, the two fifteen-story frame buildings to earthquake excitation using both response spectrum and time history methods is analysed. For two dimension analyses, response-spectrum methods appears to yield good results when compared to time-history response calculations.
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