아동청소년 안전을 위한 디지털 성범죄 예방과 피해자 보호에 관한 연구

김두상 ( Kim Doo-sang ) 경상대학교 법학연구소 2021 법학연구 Vol.29 No.1

As of 2000s, sex crimes against children and adolescents have been digitalized but studies and countermeasures of the relevant laws have not been practical. Especially, recent specific types of problems such as sexting, grooming, deep-fake, and revenge porno have emerged but the definite terms for those crimes have yet to be clearly organized. The most worrisome point is that unlike in the past, digital sex crimes against children and adolescents are proceeding in new phase not only in the cyber spaces but also in reality. 'N room crime' in 2020 was about the videos of sexual exploitation without the consent of the victims, groups of the criminals made those videos deliberately regardless of children or adolescents. This can be seen as a completely different paradigm for digital sex crimes against children and adolescents, and the countermeasures should be changed. And the most important thing in digital sex crimes against children and adolescents is to protect the victims. Considering that even one copy of the photo could have a severe effect on the lives of the victims, the video must be deleted quickly and permanently with top priority. In addition, victims must be considered in many aspects such as psychotherapy and stability of school life, which must be supported by the national level. And the 'Act on the Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses' should ultimately be revised with synthesizing these contents to prevent digital sex crimes against children and adolescents and punish criminals. It has been a long time that sex crimes by digital method have been a social problem. In particular, it has ever been predicted that children and adolescents could be the victims since the early development of the internet after the year of 2000. However, our society had not been able to build practical measures but now, relevant laws have been organized in a hurry after whole society experienced unprecedented crime in 2020. This is not suitable for the purpose of the 'Act on the Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses'. Furthermore, there are a number of problems due to the revision of the laws that has not been reviewed thoroughly. Therefore, even at this point, a complete review for revising is needed and relevant laws and regulations should be reasonably improved.

아동·청소년을 피해대상으로 하는 디지털 성범죄의 규율을 위한 입법 논의 - 개정 「아동·청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률」을 검토하며 -

이정념(Lee, Jungnyum) 이화여자대학교 젠더법학연구소 2024 이화젠더법학 Vol.16 No.3

In light of a rapid increase in digital sex offenses using deepfake technology, both domestically and internationally, the Korean government has been actively pursuing measures to address this issue. The National Assembly has also accelerated legislative discussions to establish stricter regulations against digital sex offenses targeting children and youth. As part of these efforts, the 「Act on the Protection of Children and Youth Against Sex Offenses」, the 「Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment of Sexual Crimes」, and the 「Sexual Violence Prevention and Victim Protection Act」 were revised on October 16, 2024. These legislative amendments represent a strong commitment to regulating digital sex offenses more effectively, particularly those targeting vulnerable populations such as children and youth.<BR/> Above all, the revised 「Act on the protection of children and youth against sex offenses」 introduces new elements into provisions aimed at addressing offenses involving sexual exploitation materials targeting children and youth. It also specifies procedures for protecting victims and establishes a legal basis for conducting emergency concealed identity investigations. These changes reflect a more systematic approach to combating digital sex offenses targeting children and youth.<BR/> This article provides a detailed analysis of the new elements of offenses using sexual exploitation materials targeting children and youth, the requirements and procedures for emergency concealed identity investigations, and the provisions for preventing the expansion of damage and protecting victims of digital sexual offenses targeting children and youth which are newly established in the revised 「Act on the protection of children and youth against sex offenses」. In addition, the article discusses areas for further legislative reform to ensure the effective implementation of these provisions in accordance with legislative purpose of the act.

청소년성보호법상 성범죄자 취업제한 관련 규정의 문제점과 개선방안

김잔디(Kim Jan-di) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2022 圓光法學 Vol.38 No.1

성범죄는 성인에게도 상당한 정신적 피해를 주지만 성장 과정 중에 있는 아동·청소년을 대상으로 행해진 경우 그 피해는 보다 크다고 하겠다. 이에 「아동·청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률(이하 ‘청소년성보호법’으로 표기)」에서는 아동·청소년 대상 성범죄자를 엄중히 처벌함과 동시에 성범죄자에게 일정 기간 동안 아동·청소년 관련 기관에 취업하지 못하도록 하고 있다. 성범죄자 취업제한제도는 수차례의 개정을 통하여 대상자 및 취업제한 기관을 점차 확대해 왔다. 아동·청소년이 범죄 피해와 같은 부정적인 경험 없이 성장하여 올바른 가치관을 형성하고, 사회구성원으로서 책무를 다할 수 있도록 조력하는 것은 우리의 의무이며, 이는 아무리 강조해도 지나치지 않다. 반면 아동·청소년의 보호를 목적으로 시행하는 제도라고 하더라도 타인의 자유에 대한 제한이 수반되는 경우 신중을 기하지 않으면 안 된다. 그럼에도 불구하고 청소년성보호법에서는 아동·청소년 관련 사건이 발생함에 따라 해당 사건과 관련된 기관을 취업제한기관으로 추가하고 있기 때문에 성범죄자 취업제한의 범위는 점차 확대되고 있다. 취업제한기관의 확대가 아동·청소년의 보호에 기여할 수 있는 측면이 있음은 부정할 수 없지만, 무분별한 확대는 오히려 규제의 효용성을 낮출 수 있다. 역설적이게도 아동·청소년의 보호를 위하여 성범죄자 직업제한제도를 합리적으로 축소할 필요가 있다. 즉 불필요한 규정은 삭제하고, 아동·청소년의 성보호와 직업선택의 자유 제한 간의 비교형량을 통해 통일성 있는 기준을 제시함으로써 동 제도의 합리적인 운용을 도모해야 한다. 이러한 취지로 본고에서는 먼저 성범죄의 현황에 대해 파악한 후, 청소년성보호법상 성범죄자 취업제한규정의 개정 연혁 및 내용에 대해 검토하도록 하겠다. 다음으로 성범죄자 취업제한규정의 문제점을 명확히 밝힌 후 해결방안에 관하여 제안하도록 하겠다. Sex crimes do significant psychological damage to grownups as well, but the damage is greater if conducted to children and youth in the growth process. Thus, the “Act for the Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses” (hereafter, referred to as the “Act for the Protection of Juvenile Sex”) strictly punishes sex offenders against children and youth and prohibits sex offenders from being employed in institutions related to children and youth for a certain period. The system of restrictions on the sex offender’s employment has gradually expanded the subjects and institutions of restrictions on employment through several revisions. Helping children and youth grow up without negative experiences, such as victimization of crimes, form the right values and fulfill their responsibilities as social members is our obligation, which cannot be emphasized enough. On the other hand, despite being a system implemented for the protection of children and youth, it is necessary to pay close attention if it is attended by restrictions on the freedom of others. Nevertheless, as incidents related to children and youth take place, the Act for the Protection of Juvenile Sex adds institutions related to the relevant incident as agencies of restrictions on employment. Thus, the range of restrictions on the sex offender’s employment gradually expands. The expansion of agencies of restrictions on employment can contribute to the protection of children and youth, which cannot be denied, but indiscriminate enlargement may rather lower the effectiveness of the regulations. Paradoxically, for the protection of children and youth, it is necessary to rationally reduce the system for restrictions on the sex offender’s employment. In other words, it is necessary to delete unnecessary regulations and present uniform standards so that the system can be operated as a reasonable system through balancing between the protection of sexuality of children and youth and restrictions on freedom of career choice. For this purpose, this study would determine the situation of sex crimes and review the revision history and content of restrictions on sex offenders’ employment in the Act for the Protection of Juvenile Sex. Lastly, this study would identify the problem of restrictions on sex offenders’ employment and propose solutions.

아동・청소년 성보호 실질화를 위한 의제강간죄, 16세미만 간음죄 및 대상아동・청소년 규정 개정

김한균 민주주의법학연구회 2019 민주법학 Vol.0 No.71

본 논문은 성폭력으로부터 아동청소년보호를 실질적으로 강화하기 위한 성폭력형사법 정비를 제안한다. 현 시점 한국사회에서 심각한 아동청소년대상 성폭력과 성착취 문제 해결을 위해서는 현실적으로 아동청소년 성보호 입법취지 실현에 기여하기 어려운 현행 관련법규정 적극 개정도 필요하다. 첫째, 형법상 의제강간죄 연령기준(제305조)을 16세 미만으로 상향 조정해야 한다. 현행 13세 미만 기준은 아동의 성적 자유 보장이나, 형법적 개입의 신중함과 무관하다. 단지 사회적 약자인 아동의 성을 착취할 자유를 보장할 뿐이며, 비극적 폭력현실을 직시하지 못하는 법이다. 성인의 아동청소년에 대한 성폭력 내지 성착취에 대한 단호한 금지선을 설정하는 형사입법이 필요할 것인데, 이는 현행 형법상 의제강간죄 연령기준의 상향조정이다. 둘째, 아동청소년성보호법상 성매매 대상청소년(제2조 7호, 제38조 내지 제40조) 규정을 폐지함으로써, 성착취 피해자로서 지위를 실질적으로 보장해 주어야 한다. ‘자발적’ 성매매를 이유로 ‘보호처분’을 강제한다면 아동청소년보호를 위한 법제가 아동성착취 현실을 외면하고 피해아동을 오히려 비난하는 결과에 이른다. 한국사회에서 아동청소년 성보호 필요성은 분명하다. 사회적 약자에 대한 특별한 보호, 아동청소년에 대한 실질적 보호는 사회적・법적 책임이다. This essay aims to propose a legislative program to promote child protection by amending related provisions under the Criminal Code and the Act on the Protection of Children and Youth against Sex Offenses for the purpose of preventing any sexual violence and sexual exploitation against children. Considering the tragic reality of sexual abuse and exploitation against children in Korean society, amendment of the article 305 (Sexual Intercourse or Indecent Act with Minor) of the Criminal Code is needed as such to add article 305 ②A person over nineteen years of age who has sexual intercourse with a person under sixteen years of age or commits an indecent act on such person shall be punished in accordance with Article 297, 298, 301 or 301-2. There also needs the repeal of the term “children or youth involved” which means children or youth who have become the counterparts in crime under Article 13 (Buying Sex of Child or Youth) of the Act on the Protection of Children as such (1) Any person who buys sex of a child or youth shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for at least one year, but not more than ten years, or by a fine of at least 20 million won, but not exceeding 50 million won. The purpose of criminal laws on the protection of children against sexual offences is to relieve and assist victimized children and youth, and thereby protecting them against sexual abuse and assisting them to become a person who can enjoy full rights to sexual self-determination. To realize such purpose, criminal laws should clearly provide prohibition on any sexual intercourse with children under certain age, that is under sixteen years old and also provide support all child victims of sexual exploitation. Criminal laws should be a ‘catcher’ which protects children against any risk of sexual violence and exploitation.

학교에서 발생한 장애인 대상 성범죄의 특성에 관한 연구

박미랑,박지선,최정호 한국법심리학회 2015 한국심리학회지: 법 Vol.6 No.3

The present study investigated sexual offenses committed in school against persons with disabilities, in terms of offender and victim characteristics, methods of operation, and offense characteristics. A total of 368 sexual offense cases between January 2010 and December 2013 which had been found guilty were collected from 133 legal written decisions. We compared ninety-nine cases against persons with disabilities with 269 cases against persons without disabilities. As a result, there were more male victims in sexual offenses committed in school against persons with disabilities than those against persons without disabilities. Most of offenders in cases against persons with disabilities were teenaged students with no criminal convictions. In addition, most of victims in cases against persons with disabilities were students of the school in which the offense occurred: they were alone in most of the cases at the time of the offense. In general the offender approached the victim by showing affection or giving compliments. The offense occurred in the restroom of the school, mostly in spring. In contrast, most offenders who committed sexual offenses against persons without disabilities were employed: some of them were employees of the school. They tended to plan the offense in advance and approached the victim by using authority. A considerable proportion of the offenses were occurred in elementary school, especially in the playground. Based on the current findings, the present study demonstrates detailed characteristics of the sexual offense cases against persons with disabilities, provides practical strategies for prevention, and aids to make policy implications for preventing crime against persons with disabilities. 본 연구는 학교라는 특별보호장소에서 발생한 성범죄 사건 중 피해자가 장애인이었던 사건을 중심으로, 가해자 및 피해자 특성, 범행 수법 및 발생 특성에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 2010년 1월부터 2013년 12월까지 1심 법원에서 유죄선고를 받은 성범죄 사건 중 발생장소가 학교인 총 368건의 사건을 수집하였다. 이 중 장애인을 대상으로 발생한 성범죄 사건 99건을 일반인을 대상으로 발생한 사건 269건과 비교하였다. 그 결과, 장애인을 대상으로 학교에서 발생한 성범죄는 일반인에 대한 성범죄에 비하여 남자 피해자의 비율이 높고, 가해자가 대부분 전과가 없는 10대의 학생이었으며, 피해자 수가 1명인 경우가 압도적으로 많았다. 또한 장애인 피해자 대부분이 성범죄 피해가 발생한 학교 학생으로, 범행 당시 학교 일과 중 혼자 있는 상태에서 피해를 입은 것으로 나타났다. 가해자는 대부분 애정을 표시하거나 칭찬으로 장애인 피해자를 유인하였고, 범행은 봄에 고등학교 안 화장실에서 가장 많이 발생한 것으로 드러났다. 반면 일반인을 대상으로 학교에서 발생한 성범죄의 경우, 가해자 대부분 직업이 있고 평균 연령대가 상대적으로 더 높았으며, 대부분 학교 직원이었던 것으로 나타났다. 가해자는 대부분 계획적으로 범행을 저지르고, 특히 위계위력을 사용함으로써 일반인 피해자에게 접근한 경우가 가장 많았다. 범행은 상당수가 초등학교에서 발생하였으며, 특히 학교 운동장에서 발생한 경우가 가장 많았다. 본 연구는 이처럼 장애가 있는 피해자를 대상으로 학교에서 발생한 성범죄를 일반 피해자 대상 성범죄와 비교분석하고, 이를 토대로 장애 피해자에 대한 성범죄의 실태를 세부적으로 파악하여 예방 대책을 수립하고 정책적 함의를 제시하고자 하였다.

민간책임의 확대를 통한 아동성폭력범죄예방

민영성(Min Young-Sung),김병수(Kim Byung-Soo) 부산대학교 법학연구소 2009 법학연구 Vol.50 No.2

최근 아동성폭력범죄가 급증하여 우리 사회를 비탄과 혼돈에 빠뜨리고 있다. 우리의 미래를 이끌어갈 아동들이 성폭력범죄로 인해 희망을 피워보기도 전에 꺾여져버리고 있기 때문이다. 성폭력범죄의처벌및피해자보호등에관한법률이나 청소년의성보호에관한 법률의 제정과 개정을 통해 처벌이 강화되었고 신상공개제도나 전자감시, 아동성폭력신고제도, 성범죄자치료감호제도 등이 실행되고 있거나 시범실시될 예정이다. 이러한 노력에도 불구하고 아동성폭력범죄는 줄어들지 않고 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 정부주도의 정책에만 의존해서는 이러한 증가추세를 늦추기에는 역부족이지 않은가하는 의구심이 든다. 따라서 정부주도의 정책에 더하여 적극적인 시민참여의 확대를 통한 아동성범죄예방이 이루어져야 할 때가 되었다고 본다. 이를 위해선 범죄예방이 국가와 시민 모두의 책임이라고 인식하는 사고의 전환이 필요하다. 아동성폭력범죄가 단순히 성범죄에 그치는 것이 아니라 저항할 수 없고 자신을 지키려는 의지가 부족한 아동에 대한 절대적인 폭력이라는 점을 인식하는 것이 중요하다. 정부와 민간이 협력하여 성범죄예방교육을 전국민을 대상으로 확대하고, 시민참여를 확대하기 위하여 TV 등에 홍보하는 것도 중요하다. 그리고 보다 적극적인 방안으로서 아동성폭력범죄를 발견한 시민들에게도 신고의무를 확대하고 일정범위의 법적 책임(과태료 부과)을 지게 하는 것과 일정연령의 아동을 등하교나 귀가시에 혼자 방치했을 경우 즉 방임한 경우에는 인계자에게 법적 책임을 부과하는 것, 그리고 성범죄가 발생한 건물 또는 시설물의 소유자가 성범죄예방조치를 취하지 않았다면 일정 범위의 책임을 지게 하는 등 시민이 일정범위의 법적 책임을 지는 민간책임제의 도입을 검토할 시기가 되었다고 생각한다. 아울러 '성폭력범죄에 대한 법의학적 대응 프로그램’과 같은 형사사법기관과 민간과의 유기적, 통합적 대응체계 구축이 긴요하다고 본다. With the case of sex crimes against children and killing them, there is a high public opinion demanding strong measures and corrective treatment against sex offenders. The government executes the strong measures to protect the society from sex crimes. However, the criminal recidivism rates are not reduced but increased. For the failure of government to protect child from sex offenders, the privatization should be suggested as a countermeasure. It is to let the private citizens take part in the prevention of sex offense against children. Also there are modern help of private citizens' participation in the prevention of crimes. Law enforcement agencies are to obtain the citizen support and cooperation. The most effective means of motivating people is to notify them the effectiveness and importance of the privatization through mass media. It is necessary that all people be taught to know how to prevention of crimes. We must extense the report responsibility of the all citizen. We should put the legal responsibility for no reporting on the citizen who have observed sex offense against child. The parent should be placed the legal responsibility for leaving child alone.

아동·청소년 성폭력 피해상담 분석

김정현(Jeong Hyeon Kim),이현숙(Hyeon Suk Lee),김유진(Yu Jin Kim),강선혜(Sun Hye Kang),석희진(Hee Jin Seok),정희진(Hee Jin Jung) 한국범죄심리학회 2022 한국범죄심리연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 성폭력 상담소에서 최근 5년간 수집한 아동·청소년 성폭력 피해상담 내용을 텍스트 마이닝 기법을 통해 전처리하여 분석하였고, 이를 통해 피해상담의 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 또한, 디지털 성폭력 관련 문제가 이슈가 되고 있는 상황에서 피해유형을 디지털 성폭력 범죄 해당 여부로 구분하여 분석하였고, 도출된 키워드의 의미와 맥락을 살펴보고자 하였다. 우선 전체 피해상담에 대한 워드클라우드를 제시하여 주요 상위 키워드의 구체적인 내용과 맥락을 살펴보았고, 다음으로 디지털 성폭력 여부에 따른 상담내용을 구분하여 도출된 키워드에 상대값을 부여하여 히트맵으로 결과를 제시하였다. 상담 내용의 빈도를 보면, 최근 5년간 전통적인 오프라인 피해 신고는 감소하는 반면, 디지털 성폭력 범죄 관련 피해상담은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 디지털 성폭력 피해 해당 여부에 따라 주요 키워드가 구분되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 도출된 피해상담 주요 키워드 간 관계를 살펴보기 위해 CONCOR 네트워크 분석을 실시하였고, 그 결과 디지털 성폭력 해당 여부에 따라 집단이 두 개로 구분되고, 각 집단은 두 개의 하위 그룹으로 맥락상 구분되는 것으로 나타났다. 집단 내 포함된 키워드를 바탕으로 맥락상 의미를 추론하였고, 특히 최근 아동·청소년 성폭력 피해가 발생했을 때 현장에서 발생하는 문제와 연관하여 관련 사항을 논의하였다. This study utilized large counseling contents involving victimization of sexual offenses against children and youth, collected over past five years at the sexual violence counseling center. We applied a text mining method to preprocess and analysis the content data, then tried to identify the characteristics of the counseling. Also, we analyzed the counselings by dividing them into digital sex crimes, and the meaning and context of the derived keywords were examined. First, the result of word-cloud for all the counseling contents was presented to examine the specific meaning and context of keywords. Next, a heat map as visualization was applied by assigning relative values to the keywords derived by dividing the contents of counseling for whether they were digital sexual offenses. According to the frequency analysis of counseling contents by year, it was found that over the past five years, the number of traditional offline sex crime victimization reports has decreased, while the number of digital sex crimes has increased. In addition, it was found that keywords were classified if they were divided as digital sex crimes. A network analysis for CONCOR(convergence of iterated correlations) procedure was conducted to examine the relationship between the keywords derived from the content analysis. As a result, groups were divided into two groups according to whether they were digital sex crimes and each group had two sub-groups in context. Based on the keywords included in the group, the contextual meaning was inferred, and we discussed issues that occur in the field when sexual offences against children and youth happen.

청소년성보호법 개정을 통한 그루밍처벌에서의 쟁점

최준혁 ( Choi Jun-hyouk ) 한국비교형사법학회 2021 비교형사법연구 Vol.23 No.2

Regulations on punishment for sexual violence crimes are scattered in the Criminal Act, ACT ON SPECIAL CASES CONCERNING THE PUNISHMENT, ETC. OF SEXUAL CRIMES(Sexual Violence Punishment Act) and the ACT ON THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH AGAINST SEX OFFENSES(Youth Sexual Protection Act). The new punishment regulations were introduced mainly in the Sexual Violence Punishment Act, but the Youth Sexual Protection Act has also led the introduction of regulations on punishment and criminal procedures for sexual crimes. The same applies to the provision of punishment for online grooming and the special provisions of investigation procedures for digital sex crimes, which takes effect in September 2021. Child grooming is befriending and establishing an emotional connection with a child, and sometimes the family, to lower the child's inhibitions with the objective of sexual abuse. But regulation for cybergrooming was not a resolution of related issues through legislation, but an opportunity to give new ideas. It can be evaluated positively that legal revisions were made quickly to resolve the flaws in punishment, but in terms of actual law, it is necessary to clarify what the concept of sexual exploitation is in Article 15-2 of online grooming and the concept of digital sex crimes. It is also a big change that the groundwork for undercover investigations has been newly introduced, which needs to be discussed separately from entrapment.

아동청소년이용음란물의 합리적 규제와 피해아동 보호에 관한 연구

김두상 ( Kim Doo-sang ) 경상대학교 법학연구소 2019 법학연구 Vol.27 No.3

Article 11 of the 'ACT ON THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH AGAINST SEX OFFENSES' prescribes general matters of obscene materials featuring children and youth. However, it doesn't reflect the point that current obscene materials are distributed through internet unlike the past. And its punishments are excessively set in general. In particular, 'imprisonment for an indefinite term' in the Clause 1 when manufacturing and exporting or importing obscene materials needs a detailed and reasonable review compared to other Articles. In order to reasonably regulate obscene materials featuring children and youth, it is first necessary to establish a clear concept of obscene materials featuring children and youth. In other words, it is necessary to make a clearer conclusion whether the interpretation of the 'clarity that can be clearly' stated in the provision can be applied to 'the case where an adult is featured wearing a school uniform' or 'a virtual pornography'. In the case of virtual pornography, the question would be aroused, Should we punish this case even if there is no sexual exploitation of children? In addition, many provisions that have problems define children and adolescents together that have different sexual self-determination. It should be stipulated that children cannot be absolutely a sexual object after dividing children and adolescents into children under 13 years of age, adolescents 13 to 16 years of age, and adolescents over 16 years of age. In the case of adolescent pornography, it is reasonable to define punishments differently in consideration of their age and consent. Lastly, the discussion on obscene materials featuring children and youth seems to be limited to crackdown and punishment for the time being, but it is considered that protecting the victims is more important than criminal punishment due to the nature of obscene materials. In particular, children have deep mental injuries for the last of their lives that require professional treatment. Also, the deletion of the video is very important, and it is necessary to delete videos using fines that were paid by offenders or the support of the nation, and there is a need for a task force on a national level to delete and keep track of obscene materials featuring children and youth.

헌법상 성범죄자의 취업제한 명령제도의 현안

여경수(Yeo, Gyeong-Su) 동아대학교 법학연구소 2018 東亞法學 Vol.- No.79

이 논문에서는 성범죄자에 대한 취업제한 제도의 개선방안을 다루고자한다. 우리나라 아동․청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률상 성폭력범죄자를 아동으로부터 격리시키는 제도로 취업제한 제도를 도입하여 시행하고 있다. 취업제한 제도는 일정한 성범죄자를 아동․청소년들과의 접촉을 차단함으로써, 아동․청소년을 성범죄로부터 보호하기 위한 제도이다. 하지만, 성폭력범죄자의 특성을 고려하지 않고. 일률적으로 성폭력범죄자에 대한 취업제한 기간을 규정한 것에 관한 위헌성이 제기되었다. 헌법재판소는 성범죄자에 대한 취업제한제도의 목적의 정당성과 방법의 적절성은 인정한다. 다만, 헌법재판소는 “성범죄 전력에 기초하여 어떠한 예외도 없이 그 대상자가 재범의 위험성이 있다고 간주하여 일률적으로 10년간 금지하고 있는 점”을 지적했다. 그리고 헌법재판소는 “범행의 정도가 가볍고 재범의 위험성이 상대적으로 크지 않은자”에게도 일률적인 취업제한을 부과하는 점을 지적했다. 지난 2018년 1월, 국회는 청소년성보호법을 개정했다. 헌법재판소의 위헌결정 취지를 반영하여, 개정 법률에서는 법원은 성범죄로 형을 선고하면서 이와 동시에 아동ㆍ청소년 관련기관 등에의 취업제한 명령을 선고하도록 한다. 또한 그 취업제한 기간을 범죄의 경중과 재범 위험성을 고려하여 차등해서 선고할 수 있도록 규정하였다. 본 논문에서는 헌법재판소의 결정에 관한 평석과 더불어서, 개정된 법률에 관한 비판적인 분석을 하고자한다. 이번 연구를 통해서는, 성범죄자에 대한 직업선택의 자유를 제한하는 법령의 합헌적 운영에 도움이 되고자한다. 이는 궁극적으로는 아동․청소년을 성범죄로부터 보호하고자 하는 청소년성보호법의 정당성과 실효성을 제고한다. The article discusses the Korea initiatives in order to prevent convicted sex offenders from having access to children. The purpose of this thesis is to point out and propose ways to improve the problems in the restriction of employment as a criminal punishment. Persons convicted of violent offences and sexual abuse of children should be prevented from working with children There has been little research done regarding restriction on employment which has been introduced into the Act on the Protection of Children and Juveniles against Sexual Abuse. Sex offenders are restrained from being employed on child and youth educational institutions, of which include medical profession and home-schooling. The purpose of this research is to identify the problems of current restriction on employment derived from the lack of court’s decision, and to propose possible improvements. This study aims at improving that system by analyzing the constitutional logics which Constitutional Court has suggested in the cases. The purpose of the Act on the Protection of Children and Juveniles against Sexual Abuse is to prescribe special cases concerning punishment for committing sex offenses against children or juveniles and the procedures therefor, prepare procedures for relieving and assisting victimized children and juveniles, and systematically manage sex offenders against children or juveniles, thereby protecting them against sexual abuse and assisting them to become sound members of society. This study tries to review the restriction of employment as a criminal punishment by constitutional court.