저항성 누설전류(Igr) 검출 콘센트의 개발 및 안전성 평가

김창성(Chang-Soung Kim),한송엽(Song-Yop Hanh),최충석(Chung-Seog Choi) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 P Vol.58 No.2

In this paper, we analyzed form of flowing leakage current in electrical installation. Leakage current (I<SUP>g</SUP>) is consisted of resistive leakage current (I<SUP>gr</SUP>), capacitive leakage current (I<SUP>gc</SUP>), and inductive leakage current (I<SUP>gl</SUP>). Resistive leakage current (I<SUP>gr</SUP>) is big occasion than capacitive leakage current (I<SUP>gc</SUP>) in system, Residual Current Protective Device(RCD) detects correctly leakage current. But, (I<SUP>gc</SUP>) is big occasion than (I<SUP>gr</SUP>), RCD is malfunctioned. It is resistance to lead to electric fire in electrical device. We manufactured outlet that resistive leakage current detecting circuit is had. Manufactured outlet displayed performance exactly in leakage current of 5 mA. Therefore, this product estimates that contribute on electric fire courtesy call.

Leakage flux, Leaked voltage, Leaked current, Magnetic flux density, Surface leakage

Chung Hyeok Kim,Tag-Yong Kim,Yong-Cheul Oh 대한전기학회 2012 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.7 No.3

Current research about voltage leakage involves investigation of the effects of leaked voltage and current on humans through simulated environments and dummies. Electrocution results from leaked current when electricity flows through the body as a result of potential difference. Research that analyzes actual electrocution is insufficient because of the danger from leaked voltage present in the leakage area. This thesis analyzes magnetic flux density from current around a leak to investigate the distribution of current. The authors used a simulated environment to investigate electrocution accidents that frequently occur during floods through leakage along metal surfaces, and evaluated the distribution of leaked magnetic flux. Current research about voltage leakage involves investigation of the effects of leaked voltage and current on humans through simulated environments and dummies. Electrocution results from leaked current when electricity flows through the body as a result of potential difference. Research that analyzes actual electrocution is insufficient because of the danger from leaked voltage present in the leakage area. This thesis analyzes magnetic flux density from current around a leak to investigate the distribution of current. The authors used a simulated environment to investigate electrocution accidents that frequently occur during floods through leakage along metal surfaces, and evaluated the distribution of leaked magnetic flux.

PSCAD/EMTDC를 이용한 ESS의 누설전류 모델링에 관한 연구

김지명(Ji-Myung Kim),태동현(Dong-Hyun Tae),이일무(Il-Moo Lee),임건표(Geon-Pyo Lim),노대석(Dae-Seok Rho) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.2

ESS의 누설전류는 PCS(Power Control System)측 누설전류와 계통불평형 전류로 인한 누설전류로 구분되는데, PCS측의 누설전류는 정상 상태 운전 시, IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) 스위칭의 전압 변화량과 IGBT와 방열판 사이에 존재하는 기생 커패시턴스에 의해 발생한다. 또한, 계통불평형 전류에 의한 누설전류는 불평형 부하로 인해 발생한 불평형 전류가 Yg-Δ 결선방식의 3각 철심이 적용된 태양광전원 연계형 변압기의 중성선을 통해 ESS로 유입된다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 방열판 유도공식을 통해 산정한 기생 커패시턴스에 의하여 PCS측의 누설전류 발생메커니즘을 제시하고 또한, 계통불평형에 의한 ESS측의 누설전류 발생 메커니즘을 제안한다. 이를 바탕으로, 배전계통 상용해석 프로그램인 PSCAD/EMTDC를 이용하여 배터리부, PCS부, AC전원부로 이루어진 PCS측의 누설전류 발생 메커니즘과 배전 계통부, 불평형 부하부, ESS부로 이루어진 계통불평형에 의한 ESS측의 누설전류 발생 메커니즘을 모델링하고, 누설전류의 특성을 평가한다. 상기의 모델링을 바탕으로 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 외함의 저항과 접지저항의 크기에 따라 PCS측의 누설전류는 7[mA]에서 34[mA]로, 계통불평형에 의한 배터리 외함으로 흐르는 누설전류는 3.96[mA]에서 10.76[mA]로 증가하여 배터리측에 큰 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. A leakage current of ESS is classified mainly by the occurrence from a PCS(Power Conditioning System) section and an unbalanced grid current. The reason for the leakage current from the PCS section is a voltage change by IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) switching and stray capacitance between the IGBT and heatsink. The leakage current caused by the grid unbalanced current flows to the ESS through the neutral line of grid-connected transformer for the ESS with a three limb iron type of Yg-wire connection. This paper proposes a mechanism for the occurrence of leakage current caused by stray capacitance, which is calculated using the heatsink formula, from the aspect of the PCS section and grid unbalance current. Based on the proposed mechanisms, this study presents the modeling of the leakage current occurrence using PSCAD/EMTDC S/W and evaluates the characteristics of leakage currents from the PCS section and grid unbalanced current. From the simulation result, the leakage current has a large influence on the battery side by confirming that the leakage current from the PCS is increased from 7[mA] to 34[mA], and the leakage current from an unbalanced load to battery housing is increased from 3.96[mA] to 10.76[mA] according to the resistance of the housings and the magnitude of the ground resistance.

저항성 누전전류에 의하여 동작하는 새로운 누전차단기

咸承珍(Seung Jin Ham),韓松曄(Song Yop Hahn),高彰燮(Chang Seop Koh) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.2

The conventional Residual Current Protective Devices (RCD, or earth leakage circuit breaker, ELB) operates depending on the total leakage current which is the vector-sum of resistive and capacitive components of a leakage current. However, the electric disaster such as electric shock or fire is mainly caused by the resistive component. Therefore, in this view point, the RCD is more realistic when it operates by the resistive component of the leakage current. In this paper, a new algorithm for measuring the resistive leakage current from the total leakage current is suggested, and is realized to an actual circuit. According to the suggested algorithm, the resistive component of the leakage current can be found by integrating the total leakage current over only a half cycle of the Line voltage, and it is realized by using analog switches and resettable integrators. It is confirmed through experiments that the suggested algorithm detects, within maximum average error of 6.74%, the resistive leakage current from the total leakage current, and the RCD employing the suggested algorithm brakes the circuit within the regular interrupt time (30msec).

새로운 저항성 누전전류 측정 방법

咸承珍(Seung Jin Ham),韓松曄(Song Yop Hahn),高彰燮(Chang Seop Koh) 대한전기학회 2007 전기학회논문지 Vol.56 No.8

It is important to measure the resistive component separately from the total leakage current at power distribution line. It is because electric disasters such as electric shock and fire are caused mainly by the resistive component of the total leakage current. In this paper, a new theory for measuring the resistive component separately from the total leakage current is suggested, and is embodied to an actual circuit using operational amplifiers, analog switch and R-C low pass filter. Through experiments for various cases containing both the resistive and capacitive leakage currents, the suggested algorithm is confirmed to be able to measure the resistive leakage current within 4.1% of error even when the capacitive leakage current is much bigger than the resistive one. The suggested method is expected to lower the total cost because it can be realized using simple and cheap devices, and implies the measuring time can be possibly reduced because the resistive leakage current is computed exactly from the signals during only a half period of power voltage.

누설전류측정에 의한 피뢰기 열화진단에 있어 전원고조파의 영향

길경석,한주섭,주문노 대한전기학회 2003 전기학회논문지C Vol.53 No.6

Arresters are deteriorated by overvoltages or impulse currents, and the resistive leakage current of arresters increases as the deterioration of the arrester progresses, showing an increase in the 3$^{rd}$ harmonic component of the leakage current. In this reason, arrester diagnostic techniques based on the 3$^{rd}$ harmonic leakage current as a reference parameter of deterioration are widely used. The technique, however, includes an error due to the harmonics of power system voltage. Therefore, the influence of the harmonics on arrester diagnostics should be considered. In this paper, we designed a PSpice ZnO arrester model to simulate the influence of the voltage harmonics described above. A pure sinusoidal voltage and its the 3r harmonic voltage were applied to the model, and the leakage current components were analyzed. From the simulation results, it is confirmed that the peak value of resistive leakage current depends not only on the phase of the 3$^{rd}$ harmonic voltage but also on the magnitude of it. Consequently, the errors caused 1)y the harmonic voltage could be minimized by correcting the magnitude of leakage current upon analyzing the harmonics.cs.

16비트 신호처리 프로세서 기반 유효성분 누설전류 감지 알고리즘 구현

한영오(Young Oh Han) 한국전자통신학회 2016 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.11 No.6

누전차단기는 전기재해로 인한 사고를 미연에 방지하기 위해 사용되는 유일한 방법이다. 그러나 기존의 누전차단기는 15mA∼30mA의 차단범위에서 합성 누설전류를 검출하여 동작하기 때문에 저항성 누설전류에 의해 발생하는 화재 및 인체감전으로 인한 인명 및 재산피해를 미연에 방지하는데 한계가 있다. 또한 용량성 누설전류에 의한 오동작으로 인한 생산성 감소 및 신뢰성 등의 문제를 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 누전차단기의 문제를 해결하기 위해 위상차를 측정을 통하여 유효성분(저항성) 누설전류를 감지할 수 있는 알고리즘을 개발하였고, 감지된 누설전류를 기술표준규격에서 규정하는 0.03초 이내에 차단을 할 수 있도록 16 bit 신호처리 프로세서인 MSP430 프로세서를 사용하여 유효성분 누설전류 감지 알고리즘을 구현하였다. The ELCB(: Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker) is the only way being used to prevent accidents from happening caused by electrical disaster. However, the existing ELCB has a limit to prevent damages to life and property due to a electric fire and a human body electric shock caused by the resistive leakage current, because of detecting the total leakage current in the block range of 15mA∼30mA. It also has problems such as reduced productivity and reliability due to malfunctions by capacitive leakage currents. In this study, we have implemented the algorithm for the resistive leakage current detection technique and developed the resistive leakage current detection module based on a MSP430 processor, 16bit signal processor and this module can be operated in a desired block threshold within 0.03 seconds as specified in KS C 4613.

Characterization of Leakage Current Mechanisms for Aerosol-deposited BaTiO3 Thin Films at Room Temperature

오종민,김형준,남송민 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.41

BaTiO3 thin films having different thickness of 0.2-2.2 μm were fabricated on flat Cu and stainlesssteel (SUS) substrates by using aerosol deposition (AD) at room temperature. The dependence of the leakage current on the thickness of the BaTiO3 thin films was measured, and the leakage current mechanisms were investigated to clarify the origins of the leakage currents. As a result of the measurements and examination, the leakage currents are highest for the thinnest BaTiO3films, and by decreasing the thickness of the films, the leakage current mechanism was changed from Poole-Frenkel emission to a modified-Schottky (M-S) emission. In particular, in the case of BaTiO3thin films with 0.2 μm-thick which is minimum thickness on SUS substrates, the dominant leakage current mechanism was M-S emission at low electric fields, the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling appeared as the primary leakage current mechanism at high electric fields due to electric-field concentration. Consequently, the origins of leakage current are suggested to be microscopic defects, such as oxygen vacancies, acting as donors in the BaTiO3 films and the ununiform electric-field concentration at the rough interfaces between the BaTiO3 films and the metal substrates at high electric fields.

LED 가로등 및 경관조명의 직류 누전 특성 분석

김향곤(Hyang-Kon Kim),김동우(Dong-Woo Kim),최효상(Hyo-Sang Choi) 대한전기학회 2011 전기학회논문지 Vol.60 No.4

In this paper, we studied dc leakage current properties analysis of LED lamps of road and landscape lighting when leakage current appeared in dc power line. Generally, converter of LED lighting is divides to insulated type and non-insulated type according to components. When electric leakage happened in AC power line, earth leakage breaker(ELB) senses leakage current and interrupts electric circuit. In dc power source, We need experimental verification about dc electric leakage for electricity safety. In normal wiring conditions and in the water, in case of using insulated type of converter, dc leakage current did not occur. However, in case of using non-insulated type of converter, dc leakage current occurred and passed through into the ground. We found that there is a hazard of electric shock by dc leakage current. We expect that the results of these studies would be helpful for electrical safety of LED lamps for road and landscape lighting.

On-Line 및 Off-Line 상태에 따른 누설 전류 진단 분석

한경철,이경섭,최용성,Han, Kyung-Chul,Lee, Gyeong-Seop,Choi, Yong-Sung 한국전기전자재료학회 2018 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.31 No.4

When the clamp meter approaches the electric path where current is flowing, leakage current can be measured at a distance from the electric current because the induced current increases as the magnitude of the current increases and approaches nearer to the electric path. Therefore, measurements were carried out from a distance to avoid this effect. In addition, the measured values differ depending on the location of the power line that penetrates the ZCT of the clamp meter, thus measurements were performed at a location where this effect was minimized. The fraction of compliant branch circuits, whose leakage current was lower than 1.00 mA, was found to be 69.0% out of the total of 439 branch circuits, while the percentage of compliant branch circuits having an insulation resistance higher than $0.20M{\Omega}$ was found to be 93.2%. The reason why the percentage of compliant branch circuits with low leakage current was low might be due to the inclusion of capacitive leakage current in the total measured leakage current.