The analysis of golf research trends - based on three online database sites

( Moon Hwan Lim ),( Tae Seoung Lim ),( Ho Youl Lee ) 한국체육학회 2016 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to suggest the current international golf research status and the future directions by classifying the golf researches into status of published golf research by year, major fields, study methods, study objects and study topics from three online database sites such as Proquest, Science Direct and Springer Links to provide the basis of future development directions for domestic golf related researches. Method: The meta-analytic approach was used to set the framework such as status of published golf research by year, major fields, study methods, study objects and study topics, and data were classified with this framework. SPSS WINDOW 12.0 was used to perform the frequency analysis and cross-tabulations for the data process. Result: First, the status of published golf research by year showed that the number of research was increased in every year, and the results of five year classification confirmed the increase of researches. There were 4 researches from 1991 to 1995, 26 researches from 1996 to 2000, 59 researches from 2001 to 2005 and 113 researches from 2006 to August, 2010. Second, the status of published golf research by major fields showed that there were 59 researches in the field of environment, 33 researches in business and biomechanics fields, 31 researches in physiology field, 13 researches in psychology field, 11 researches in sociology field, 8 researches in sports engineering field, 6 researches in policy field, 3 researches in pedagogy field, 2 researches in design field and 1 researches in history field. The results of cross-tabulations between year and major fields presented that emphasized major fields in golf researches these days are fields of environment(22.1%), biomechanics(21.2%), physiology(18.6%) and business( 15.0%). Third, the status of published golf research by study methods showed that there were 123 researches in experimental method, 45 researches in qualitative method, 20 researches in quantitative method and 14 researches in mixed method. The results of cross-tabulations between year and study methods presented that emphasized study methods in golf researches these days are experimental( 61.9%) and qualitative methods(20.4%). Fourth, the status of published golf research by study objects showed that there were 72 researches which aimed at environment, 70 researches which aimed at participant, 29 researches which aimed at golf equipment, 10 researches which aimed at program and development, 8 researches which aimed at literature, 7 researches which aimed at robot, 3 researches which aimed at golf policy and golf swing and skill. The results of cross-tabulations between year and study objects presented that emphasized study objects in golf researches recently are participant(35.4%), golf course(28.3%) and golf equipment(18.6%). Finally, the status of published golf research by study topics showed that there were 49 researches written in environmental topic, 31 researches written in physiological topic, 26 researches written in golf swing and skills and golf equipment topics, 23 researches written in business topic, 17 researches written in golf course topic, 13 researches written in psychological topic, 9 re-searches written in policy topic, 5 researches written in sociology topic and 3 researches written in ethnical topic. The results of cross-tabulations between year and study topics presented that emphasized study topics in golf researches recently are environment(22.1%), physiological( 19.5%), golf equipment(17.7%) and golf swing and skills(1%). Conclusion: This study confirms that closer to recent years the golf related studies has been increased and those studies were distributed to environment(22.1%), biomechanics(21.2%), physiology( 18.6%) and business(15.0%) fields. Study methods which commonly used in golf related studies showed that experimental study(61.9%) was used more than qualitative study(20.4%), and the participant(35.4%), golf course(28.3%) and golf equipment(18.6%) were the study objects of the studies. Finally, study topic of golf related studies were found to be environment(22.1%), physiological( 19.5%), golf equipment(17.7%) and golf swing and skills(1%). However, this study cannot be confirmed as standard data, because it used only three online database sites such as Proquest, Science Direct and Springer Links and put limitations for ease of data collection. Therefore, future study will need to analyze with golf-related research data which is collected from Journal of Sports as much as possible.

스크린골프의 게이미피케이션 속성이 몰입 및 지속이용에 미치는 영향

김형우,정일미 한국골프학회 2023 골프연구 Vol.17 No.4

[Purpose] This study is to investigate the effect of the gamification properties of screen golf on flow and continuous use. Through this, the research was conducted with the aim of identifying the gamification properties of screen golf that users of screen golf are directly attracted to and using them as basic data to strengthen the gamification of screen golf. [Method] To this end, in July 2023, a questionnaire was distributed to 300 users who visited seven screen golf courses in Seoul and the metropolitan area, and 287 of them were used for the final analysis. [Result] First, most of the gamification properties of screen golf were found to have a positive effect on flow, but compensation did not affect immersion flow. it was found that the gamification properties of screen golf had a positive effect on continuous use, and compensation did not affect continuous use. Third, screen golf users' flow through gamification was found to have a static effect on continuous use. [Conclusion] Screen golf users have been shown to have a positive perception of the gamification of screen golf that cannot be felt on the field, and these attributes have been found to make them more flow in screen golf and have an impact on continuous use.

체감형 게임에서의 사용자 인터페이스 사례분석

황새봄(Hwang, Saebom),김헌(Kim, Hun) 한국디자인지식학회 2012 디자인지식저널 Vol.22 No.-

체감형 가상현실 게임은 인터페이스라는 단계를 거쳐 인간의 움직임을 그대로 받아들여 오감을 통해 현실감을 느끼게 하는 게임으로써 이는 이미 스포츠게임 분야에서 개발되어 널리 사용되고 있다. 골프 시뮬레이션 시스템은 스크린에 나타난 골프코스를 3D나 4D 컴퓨터 그래픽(CG)으로 실제와 유사하게 재현하여 가상현실 환경을 구현한 게임이다. 스크린 골프 장비 또한 실제의 라운드에서 사용하는 장비를 그대로 사용하여 골퍼의 목적에 맞게 기획된 게임이다. 최근 골프에 대한 저변인구가 확대됨에 따라 스크린 골프의 수요인구도 증가하고 스크린 골프 산업 또한 지속해서 발전하고 있으나 스크린 골프에 관한 선행연구는 이용 동기 및 경기력에 국한되어 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 국내 스크린 골프 인터페이스에 대해 HCI(Human Computer Interaction)이론을 적용하여 사례를 분석하였으며, 스포츠과학 및 게임 인터페이스 분야에서 이루어진 선행 연구에 기초하여 국내에서 가장 높은 시장점유율을 차지하고 있는 스크린 골프 시뮬레이터를 인터페이스별로 분류하고 인터페이스의 역할과 중요 요소를 모색하였다. 본 연구를 토대로 스크린골프 게임의 효율성 및 사용자 만족도를 높일 수 있기를 전망한다. Throughout the game interface, interactive virtual reality games provide a realistic feeling via the five senses. The realistic feeling is accomplished through the game literally retaining human body and sport equipment movements. These games have increased the prominent development of sport games in gaming interface context. Screen golf simulation is designed to create a game environment using a virtual reality, and is a game system that not only designs golf courses based on real situations in 3D and 4D Computer Graphic environments, but also allows the participant to use the same golf equipment for actual golf rounds and/or practices. Though there has been a growing demand for screen golf along with increased golf participation, there have been few research efforts in relation to the interface design of screen golf. Based on literature reviews and case studies, the current study analyzed the golf simulator interface that currently holds the highest market share among golf simulators in Korea using a Human Computer Interaction (HCI) theory. This study reveals support that user efficiency and user satisfaction of the golf simulators would be enhanced by continued research on the interface design of golf simulators using the identified user interface of this study as a guide.

스트라이프 패턴을 활용한 여성 골프폴로셔츠 디자인 개발에 관한 연구

김고운,김윤 한국패션디자인학회 2015 한국패션디자인학회지 Vol.15 No.4

골프의 대중화, 영 골퍼 및 여성골퍼의 증가에 따라 골프웨어 시장은 점점 확장하고 있으며 기능성과 심미성을 고려한 골프웨어에 대한 소비자의 소구가 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 실용적이며 착용률이 높은 아이템인 골프폴로셔츠 디자인을 위한 스트라이프 패턴을 개발하고 이를 2016년 S/S 시즌을 위한 여성용 골프폴로셔츠에 적용하였다. 문헌연구를 통하여 골프폴로셔츠와 스트라이프 패턴의 개념 및 디자인 특성을 파악하였으며 국내외 18개 골프웨어브랜드의 최근 3년간 제품이미지 898장을 분석하여 골프웨어에 사용빈도가 높은 스트라이프와 골프폴로셔츠의 스타일, 색상, 소재, 패턴 등의 디자인 특성을 분석하였다. 스트라이프 패턴의 개발은 국내외 브랜드의 여성 골프폴로셔츠에 주요하게 사용되는 컬러를 기반으로 하였다. 여성폴로셔츠에 사용된 색채를 먼셀 시스템의 10색에 무채색을 더한 11개의 기준으로 분석하였으며, 트렌드 정보 사이트에서 제시한 컬러 트렌드를 참고하여 전문가 3인이 12개의 사용컬러를 추출하였다. 디자인 라인은 세분화된 여성 골프웨어 마켓의 경향에 맞추어 스포츠 웨어의 기능성을 강조하는 액티브 라인과 일상생활에서 착용 가능한 라이프스타일 라인으로 이원화 하여 총 16개의 디자인을 제안하였다. 그 결과 여성 골프폴로셔츠에서 그 활용 빈도가 매우 높은 스트라이프 패턴은 컬러와 배열에 따라 분위기와 용도가 다양하게 표현되었으며, 스트라이프 패턴은 간격이나 형태, 컬러의 변화에 따라 컨셉에 맞춰 기획될 수 있는 수많은 가능성을 지님을 확인 할 수 있었다. 골프폴로셔츠의 활용 영역 범위가 더욱 확장될 것으로 예상되는 가운데 스트라이프 패턴을 활용한 여성 골프폴로셔츠의 디자인 제안은 무한한 변화가 가능하며, 이것은 향후 패션 디자인의 창의적 개발 영역 확장에 있어 연구의 의의를 갖는다. There has been an increasing demand on golf-wear in the consideration of active functionality and aesthetics from popularization of golf, the influx of young golfers, an increase in the number of female golfers, and expansion of golf-wear market. Therefore, this study was intended to develop a stripe pattern for the design of golf polo-shirts, a steady and long-lasting product with practical style and high wearing rate, and to apply them on female golf polo-shirts in 2016 S/S season. The concept of female golf polo-shirts and stripe patterns and design characteristics were identified in literature review. In addition, 898 pictures of 18 domestic and abroad golf-wear brands were specifically analyzed, scrutinizing design characteristics of stripe with high frequency of use of female golf polo-shirts. The development of stripe patterns was based on the trend color in trend information website and market search. Design line of female golf polo-shirts was dualized into active line and life-style line in accordance with detailed trends in the market. Hereupon, total 16 designs have been suggested. As a result, stripe pattern with a very high frequency of use of golf polo-shirts has been diversely expressed in terms of image and use depending on colors and arrangement. In addition, it was confirmed that there was a number of possibilities for stripe pattern to be planned in accordance with concepts depending on changes in intervals, forms, and colors. As it is anticipated for the range of areas in application of golf polo-shirts to be expanded further, this study has significance in terms of development of creative fashion design in the future reflecting the suggestion of design for golf polo-shirts in the use of stripe patterns that entail unlimited changes in the image.

영국 골프의 기원과 조직화

박경호,옥광 한국골프학회 2009 골프연구 Vol.3 No.2

In this present society, golf is a world wide favorable sport and there are many Korean golf players who have become world wide stars and have helped the popularization of golf in Korea. By recent years, there have been many natural scientific researches on golf, however, there have not been many cases to investigate the origin and its organization process in terms of socio-cultural function. The birth place of golf was St. Andrews, Scotland, UK and the modern golf evolved through its modern organization. In the 13th century Scotland, golf, a past time for common people, had many restrictions through its history, in contrast, the development started with the athleticism among the royal family and the middle class and in the 18th century through organized golf association and standardized game rules, golf today can exist. This research corrects the errors of golf history and can be a fundamental study to understand the development of gold in the global history and also to be able to provide the popularity of golf.

골프 대중화를 위한 골프장 개별소비세 유지와 폐지 논란에 대한 연구

조용찬,남재준,박현순 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2020 스포츠와 법 Vol.23 No.3

The purpose of this study is to discuss rational direction from the own angle of membership system golf course and public system golf course by grasping the problem of individual consumption tax which is maintained only for membership system golf course and checking individual consumption tax which is not imposed over public system golf course for popularization of golf. Thanks to Pak Seri who won US Open competition in 1998 and other Korean golfers who won in PGA and LPGA, golf was newly recognized in Korea, namely, it was considered as elegant and luxurious sports enjoyed only by privileged class. As Pak Inbi won gold medal in golf competition which was revived as regular item in Brazil Rio de Janeiro Olympic after absence for 116 years, golf was further interested in Korea. While it was recognized as sports mainly for men in the past, the participation rate of female golfers rose recently. In spite of such change in recognition on golf, development of golf industry & quantitative increase of market size of golf course, it is significant to strive for solution and improvement of problems such as taxation policy of government, individual consumption tax which distinguishes membership system golf course from public system golf course and regional policy, management of golf course mainly focusing on business, behavior style of golfers and many rampant expediencies & illegalities. This reality causes the problem of golf course industry due to difference in the stand of membership system golf course and public system golf course. Thus, it is required to enact rule related to round fee for positive golf culture enjoyable to golf consumers & popularization of golf. 본 연구의 목적은 골프의 대중화를 위해 회원제 골프장에만 유지되고 있는 개별소비세의 문제점을 파악하고 대중제 골프장에는 부가되지 않는 개별소비세를 검토하여 회원제와 대중제 골프장의 입장에서 합리적인 방향성을 논의하는데 있다. 대한민국의 골프는 1998년 박세리 선수의 US오픈 우승과 PGA와 LPGA에서 활약하는 국내 선수들의 우승으로 과거 고급, 사치성 스포츠로 특권층만 누리는 스포츠라는 인식을 변화시켰다. 또한 2016년 브라질 리우데자네이루 올림픽에서 116년 만에 정식 종목으로 부활한 골프경기에서 박인비 선수가 금메달을 획득하며 한국 골프에 대한 관심이 높아졌고, 과거 남성 위주의 운동이라는 인식에서 벗어나 최근에는 여성 골퍼들의 참여율도 높아졌다. 이처럼 골프에 대한 인식 변화와 골프산업의 발전 및 골프장 시장규모의 양적 증가에도 불구하고 정부의 과세정책, 회원제 골프장과 대중제 골프장을 구분하는 개별소비세 및 지역에 따른 정책, 그리고 골프장들의 영업 위주의 경영, 골퍼들의 행동양식 등과 여러 편법과 불법이 난무하며, 그 문제점과 개선에 대한 노력의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이는 회원제 골프장과 대중제 골프장의 입장차이로 골프장 산업의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 골프소비자들이 즐길 수 있는 긍정적인 골프문화와 골프 대중화를 위해 라운드 비용과 관련된 제정이 필요하다.

골프코스에서 발생한 골프장 안전사고에 대한 책임 및 대책방안

이지원 ( Lee Ji Won ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2017 법학논총 Vol.41 No.2

골프장과 골프인구는 30년 전과 비교할 때 가히 폭발적인 증가추세라고 할 수 있다. 골프인구의 증가에 부수하여 골프장에서의 안전사고도 매우 많이 발생하고 있다. 골프 경기자의 부주의한 스윙에 의하여 골프클럽에 동반 골프경기자나 캐디가 맞는 안전사고가 발생하기도 하고, 골프 경기자의 잘못 친골프 볼에 다른 골프 경기자나 캐디 등이 맞아 부상을 당하는 경우 등 골프로 생기는 사고의 유형은 매우 다양하다. 그러므로 골프사고에 따른 민사법적 책임에 관한 문제를 일률적으로 정리할 수는 없고, 골프사고의 유형에 따라서 다양하게 검토하지 않으면 안 된다. 골프장에서 발생하는 안전사고는 사고를 일으키는 가해자도 다양하고 피해 유형도 다양하다. 골프사고의 유형을 크게 몇 가지로 나누어 보면 골프 경기자의 부주의한 스윙에 의하여 동반 골프 경기자나 캐디가 골프클럽에 맞는 안전사고가 있고, 잘못 친 골프공에 동반 골프 경기자나 캐디, 다른 팀의 골프 경기자 등이 맞아 안전사고가 발생하는 경우도 있다. 골프장에서의 안전사고로 손해가 발생하면 누가 책임을 지는가, 어떠한 법리에 의하여 책임을 지는가 하는 문제가 있다. 첫째, 골프 경기자의 골프채 스윙으로 인한 안전사고에서는 골프 경기자의 책임이나 캐디의 책임, 골프장 운영자의 책임이 문제가 된다. 둘째, 잘못 친 볼에 맞는 사고가 생긴 때에는 골프 경기자에게 요구되는 주의의무의 위반이 문제되고, 주로 골프 경기자의 불법행위책임이 성립한다. 골프에서 미스샷은 골프 경기자 자신의 과실에 있거나 캐디 및 골프장 운영자, 골프코스 설계자의 과실로 인한 경우도 있으므로 누구의 과실에 의하여 생긴 안전사고인가에 따라 손해배상책임의 법리가 다르다. 골프장 운영자가 불법 행위 책임을 지는 경우가 있는데 민법 제756조의 사용자책임 및 민법 제758조 규정이 법적 근거가 될 수 있다. 따라서 그동안 골프와 관련된 안전사고의 학문적 연구를 위하여 법률적 차원에서 접근하여 검토하고, 골프시설 기준과 관련된 체육시설의 설치·이용에 관한 법률도 검토함으로써 향후 골프에서 발생하는 안전사고에 대한 책임규명 및 대책 등을 제시하고자 한다. Golf clubs and golf popularity has increased tremendously in the last 30 years. As a result, the safety related accidents at golf courses occur frequently in recent years. The personal injuries usually happened because of : golfers" reckless swings; flying golf balls; golfer negligence; falling from golf cart and onverturned golf carts; or lighting accident.As for golf accidents, legal liability becomes a problem and liability differs depending on the types of accident. Many different subjects are involved in safety accidents occurring within a golf course. In a situation where a person is struck by an errant golf ball, the general rule is that the golfer hitting the ball is under a duty to exercise ordinary care for the safety, however, sometimes the owner of a golf course, the caddie, or the designer of a golf course may held liable for injuries to a person struck by a golf ball. Among the subjects are players and companions, caddy who assists game progress, golf course operator who supervises caddy and installs·manages and operates golf course facilities and cart manufacturer who is liable for cart accidents. Among the foregoing, golf course operator is the main agent who assumes the broadest responsibility for golf accidents. In the event that a safety accidents occurs in a golf course, legal composition that victim becomes entitled to make golf course operator take both contractual liability and tort liability becomes possible. Meanwhile, there are the occasions in which golf course operator assumes tort liability for affected players, and user liability in the Article 756 and liability for structures in the Article 758 of the Civil Law may become the legal basis. In the event that an accident occurred by the negligence of a caddy who is responsible for safe operation of golf game, user liability in the Article 756 of the Civil Law may become a problem. This study aims to investigate golf-related safety accidents from a legal point of view for the purpose of academic research. To achieve this, constitutional safety rights, civil and criminal liability, disaster and safety management laws were scrutinized. Using this study method, how to clarify where the responsibility lies and solution for the future possible safety accidents in golf were suggested. Firstly, safety accidents are preventable with safety education. If individual risks are prevented and removed in advance by training managers as well as customers of golf courses in safety, future possible safety accidents can be prevented effectively. Secondly, it is required to have liability insurance. According to current law, it is compulsory only for golf course businesses to have liability insurance. However, the imposition of obligation to have liability insurance should be expanded to driving range businesses in order to protect safety rights of customers of golf-related facilities. Thirdly, it is presented to be equipped with emergency facilities. The relevant regulations need to be amended in a way to impose obligation to have emergency facilities. In addition, voluntary effort of managers to install emergency facilities is necessary as well. Lastly, it is advised for the involved local governments to rigorously carry out safety management and supervision.

골프의 기상학 활용에 대한 고찰

김영재 ( Young Jae Kim ),원성연 ( Sung Youn Won ) 중앙대학교 학교체육연구소 2014 Asian Journal of Physical Education of Sport Scien Vol.4 No.-

본 연구는 기상·기후와 관련성이 매우 높은 골프를 중심으로 기상학을 적용한 일차적인 연구 중주로 연구되어온 골프 수행, 골프 시즌, 골프 관광 분야의 연구를 분석하여 골프의 기상학 적용 인식의 필요성과 활용에 대해 고찰 하였다. 그 결과 기상·기후의 정보인식을 통해 골프의 여러 분야에 도움을 줄 수 있다는 시사점이 도출되었다. 분야별 세부 내용으로는 첫째, 골프의 물리적인 변화와 인체에 미치는 정확한 기전 이해를 통한 골프 수행 능력 신장. 둘째, 골프 시즌 예측을 통한 골프 시즌 전망과 골프 만족도 제고. 셋째, 골프 관광 산업 마케팅에 필요한 전략적 정보 제공 등, 골프에 관련된 주요 분야에서 모두 기상학 인식과 활용에 대한 필요성과 시사점이 고찰 되었다. 따라서 골프의 전반적인 부분에 있어 기상학의 인식은 매우 중요하며 활용 할 줄 알아야 한다. 더 나아가 기상학뿐만 아니라 다양한 분야와 접목을 통해 골프와 관련된 모든 분야를 설명하고 예측 할 수 있도록 연구가 다뤄져야 하겠다. This study is to consider perception of necessity and practical use about using weather for golf industry through the analysis of golf performance, golf season, golf tourism as the central figures in the existing research. As a result, through information recognition of weather·climate, implication deducted that it will help various fields of golf. The contents Specifically in that fields, firstly, improvement of golf performance ability through the physical change of golf and comprehension of exact mechanism which affects human body. secondly, Enhancing satisfaction of golf and prospection of golf season through golf season prediction. Lastly, Providing strategy information which will be needed for golf tourist industry show significance of meteorology-perception and it has to be used in the most area for golf. Therefore, golf study will be treated as an enable filed to be explained and predicted not only for the meteorology but for the combination with different fields as well.

‘學’으로서의 골프전공에 대한 고찰(II) - 골프관련학과 교과과정을 중심으로 -

박찬희 한국체육철학회 2013 움직임의철학 : 한국체육철학회지 Vol.21 No.2

This research compare land analyzes cases of Korea, England, America and Canada College & University curriculum of golf department and subsequently inquire into means of improve Korea University curriculum of golf department. This research introduces the following method to improve curriculum of golf department in Korea University. First, the practical portion of the Korea golf curriculum and the relatively low proportion of the theoretical area. Specializing in the area of systematic enrichment is not being done. Curriculum in which other departments and universities are connected should be builded so that golf education may be conducted systematically and professionally leading to consistent education in golf. Second, each University must establish a clear and specific goal. Third, various specialized program in which internal/external golf industry are involved should be established to expand the field of golf education. Such methods shall construct an advanced education system and lead to a specialized and differentiated golf education. Moreover, such golf education shall promote students with professional talent contributing to an enhancement on golf education. 본 연구는 골프학과 교과과정의 학습목표, 졸업 후 진로 등을 분석한 후 외국의 골프관련학과와 비교를 통해서 어떠한 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 골프가 하나의 ‘學’으로 발전하기 위해서는 특정분야로 편중되지 않고 균형 잡힌 학문으로 발전할 수 있는지 체육철학 적 관점에서 고찰함으로써 골프학의 발전에 도움이 되는 제안을 하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 결과 우리나라 골프학과 교과과정은 실기비중이 높고 이론영역의 비중이 상대적으로 낮아 전문 영역의 체계적인 심화학습이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 대학의 학습목표와 졸업 후 진로 사이에서 체계적이고 객관화된 기준 없이 각 대학의 특성과 상황에 맞게 구성되어 궁극적으로는 체육학의 목표, 정체성의 문제고착 등 체육학의 발전은 저해하는 원인을 제공하고 있다. 학과의 학습목표와 졸업 후 진로 등 대학의 목표와 교과과정이 일관성 있게 구성되어야 골프가 ‘學’으로 자리매김 할 수 있는 체계를 정립할 수 있을 것이다. 미국이나 캐나다는 PGM과정을 통한 골프산업⦁경영 분야의 전문성을 확보하고 있다. 궁극적으로 이러한 전문성 교육이 골프를 하나의 “學”으로 자리매김 하는데 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다.

대중골프장의 이용요금 제도개선 및 선진화 방안 연구

이용환,박충훈,김진덕 경기연구원 2020 정책연구 Vol.- No.-

Golf courses are subject to various taxes. In particular, membership golf courses are taxed more heavily than public golf courses. Public golf courses have various tax incentives for reducing usage fees in order to popularize golf. However, complaints about public golf course fees recently increased despite the tax preferential treatment. Public golf courses saw a significant growth in users with the popularization of golf. In addition, due to the Corona 19 pandemic in 2020 domestic demand increased as golf trips in China and Southeast Asia were blocked. In these circumstances, public golf fees such as the green fee, the caddy fee, and the cart fee went up and thus the usage fees became similar to membership golf courses. This study aims to plan for fair government tax incentives and improve public golf course usage fee systems. Expectations include contributing to setting policy directions related to public golf fees in Gyeonggi-do and returning fair benefits to golf course users (local residents). This study presents a survey on the current status, a case study on the types and operation of golf courses, and an examination of the laws and systems for the golf course tax system and fee system. In addition, the investigation of the effect of tax reduction and exemption of public golf courses was carried out using a perfect competitive market model analysis and a monopoly competitive market model analysis. Also, the Constitutional Court’s ruling on the legitimacy of the heavy tax on golf courses was reviewed. In conclusion, this study suggests advancing the operating fee of public golf courses through tasks and plans to secure the fairness of golf course tax benefits and usage fees. The plans to rationalize the price of popular golf courses are as follows: First, operate a public golf course fee review committee. Second, lift discrimination against non-members of membership golf courses by exempting them from individual consumption tax and the Sports Promotion Fund. Third, provide local tax reduction or exemption for golf courses according to the level of usage fees. Fourth, increase publicity by securing shares equal to the amount of tax cuts and exemptions for public golf courses Fifth, expand freedom of choice for public golf course users to use carts and accompany caddies. Sixth, normalize local government management and supervision of public golf courses. The plans to operate the public golf course fee review committee are as follows. - Composition: Composed of an odd number of no more than 15 experts and related public officials, including the chairperson. - Function: Deliberation on whether the initial admission fees or rate changes of public golf courses reflect the effect of tax reduction appropriately. Policy research for calculation and standardization of public golf courses admission fees. - Operation: Operates by dividing into regular and occasional deliberations. - Legal basis: Ordinance enacted to clarify the legal basis of the deliberation committee.