전투기 날개/동체모델의 공력-구조 연계해석 축소모델을 위한 POD Basis Weight 예측기법 연구

박경현,최선,김의영,박훈일,조맹효,이동호 한국항공우주학회 2012 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

본 연구에서는 전투기 날개/동체모델의 공력-구조 연계 축소모델을 위한 POD (Proper Orthogonal Decomposition) basis weighting 기법의 연구를 수행하였다. POD basis weighting 기법으로는 기저벡터의 일차결합, 인공신경망, 크리깅 기법을 이용하였으며, 이들 기법의 효과적인 비교를 위하여 천음속 영역에서 날개/동체모델의 후퇴각, 스팬길이, 스파 및 리브의 두께에 대하여 총 10개의 Snapshot을 추출하였다. Snapshot은 삼차원 오일러 방정식과 Aminpour의 4절점 쉘요소를 이용하여 추출하였으며, 이들 Snapshot들을 통해 날개/동체 모델 주위 유동장을 대표하는 POD 기저벡터를 계산하였다. 각각의 POD basis weighting 기법을 통하여 계산된 POD basis는 full order mapping을 통하여 날개/동체 주변 유동장 및 구조변형을 예측하였으며, 각 기법을 통하여 예측된 결과를 비교분석 하였다. 이를 통해 크리깅 기법을 이용한 POD 해석기법이 가장 높은 신뢰도를 지닌 것을 확인할 수 있었다. In this paper, the POD basis weight estimation method for the reduced order model of aero-structural analysis of a fighter wing/fuselage system is studied. The linear combination, the artificial neural network, and the Kriging method are adopted to predict POD basis weight coefficient. To effectively compare each method, snapshots are selected from the combinations of the upper and lower bounds of each variable (sweep angle, span length, and spar&rib thickness of wing/fuselage system) in the transonic regime. Three dimensional Euler equations are solved to extrude snapshot data of the full order aerodynamic analysis, and then a set of POD basis vectors reproducing the behavior of flow around the wing/fuselage system is calculated from these snapshots through the each POD basis weight estimation method. Then, the comparison of each POD basis weighting method is performed. From these, it is confirmed that the Kriging method based POD analysis give highest robust prediction result of the three.

전세권저당권

배병일(Byungil Bae) 한국법학원 2013 저스티스 Vol.- No.139

임차보증금반환채권을 담보하기 위하여 건물에 임차인 명의로 전세권설정등기를 하고, 그 전세권에 저당권을 설정하여 대출을 받는 사례가 있다. 실제로는 전세권설정계약이 없음에도 불구하고 임대차계약에 기한 임차보증 금반환채권을 담보할 목적 또는 금융기관으로부터 자금을 융통할 목적으로 임차인명의로 전세권설정등기를 한 것이다. 이는 형식적으로는 전세권설정계약이지만 실질은 임대차계약이기 때문에 민법상 허위표시에 해당한다고 볼 수도 있다. 그러나 이 경우에는 전세권 설정의 의사와 표시가 존재하기 때문에 허위표시라고 할 수 없다. 전세권저당권의 실행은 전세권의 존속기간 만료이전과 이후로 구분하여, 존속기간 만료이후 물상대위가 있는 경우에는 민사집행법 제273조가 적용된다. 이 경우 전세권자가 전세권설정계약상의 항변사유로 전세권저당권자에게 대항할 수 있는지 여부가 문제된다. 전세권저당권자가 전세권 설정 당시 사정을 알면서 저당권을 설정한 경우에는 대항할 수 있지만, 이를 알지 못한 채 저당권을 설정한 경우에는 대항할 수 없다. 전세권 계약의 해지 등으로 전세권을 소멸하게 한 경우에는 전세권저당권자의 동의가 없으면 무효라고 보아야 한다. Recently Chonsegwon Mortgaged is frequently used in order to avoid difficulty in making a loan by getting a mortgage on rental property. Chonsegwon Mortgaged is a mortgage for right to lease on a deposit basis. Chonsegwon got its name from Chonse which was a traditional custom in the 1950s. Once a Chonsegwon is mortgaged, it extinguishes at that time when the period of existence of a Chonsegwon is matured. The mortgage which was established upon a Chonsegwon also extinguishes. So the mortgagee may not insist his mortgage upon the owner who is the other party to the contract of Chonsegwon. If the mortgagee seizes the mortgagor’s claim for return of security money for lease on a deposit basis as the substitute for Chonsegwon and receives an assignment order or order of collection upon from the court, he can demand his dividend from the court in the compulsory execution procedure which is taken by a third party. Then, he may demand the security money from the owner of the Chonse object. The Article 303 of Korean Civil Law describes that any person having chonsegwon is entitled to use it in conformity with its purposes and to take the profits from it, by paying the deposit money and possessing the real property owned by another person. Furthermore, he is also entitled to obtain the repayment of deposit money in preference to persons having the junior right or other creditors, with respect to the whole real property. The Article 306 of Korean Civil Law describes that the person having chonsegwon may assign it to another person or provide it as security. The Article 371 of Korean Civil Law describes that the provisions of mortgage shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case where a superficies or chonsegwon has been mortgaged and then a mortgagor who mortgaged a superficies or chonsegwon cannot take action to extinguish them without the consent of the mortgagee.

단체법에서의 초기기저 구성에 관한 연구

서용원,김우제,박순달 한국경영과학회 1996 經營 科學 Vol.13 No.3

Constructing an initial basis is an important process in the simplex method. An initial basis greatly affects the number of iterations and the execution time in the simplex method. The purpose of this paper is to construct a good initial basis. First, to avoid linear dependency among the chosen columns, an enhanced Gaussian elimination method and a method using non-duplicated nonzero elements are developed. Second, for an order to choose variables, the sparsity of the column is used. Experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the number of iterations and the execution time compared with Bixby's method by 12%.

고차통계와 Hermite 모델을 이용한 계층적 심전도 비트 분류

박관수,이종실,지영준,김인영,김선일,조백환,이도훈,송수화 대한의료정보학회 2009 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.15 No.1

Objective: The heartbeat classification of the electrocardiogram is important in cardiac disease diagnosis. For detecting QRS complex, conventional detection algorithm have been designed to detect P, QRS, T wave, first. However, the detection of the P and T wave is difficult because their amplitudes are relatively low, and occasionally they are included in noise. Furthermore the conventional multiclass classification method may have skewed results to the majority class, because of unbalanced data distribution. Methods: The Hermite model of the higher order statistics is good characterization methods for recognizing morphological QRS complex. We applied three morphological feature extraction methods for detecting QRS complex: higher-order statistics, Hermite basis functions and Hermite model of the higher order statistics. Hierarchical scheme tackle the unbalanced data distribution problem. We also employed a hierarchical classification method using support vector machines. Results: We compared classification methods with feature extraction methods. As a result, our mean values of sensitivity for hierarchical classification method (75.47%, 76.16% and 81.21%) give better performance than the conventional multiclass classification method (46.16%). In addition, the Hermite model of the higher order statistics gave the best results compared to the higher order statistics and the Hermite basis functions in the hierarchical classification method. Conclusion: This research suggests that the Hermite model of the higher order statistics is feasible for heartbeat feature extraction. The hierarchical classification is also feasible for heartbeat classification tasks that have the unbalanced data distribution.

Gear fault detection and diagnosis under speed-up condition based on order cepstrum and radial basis function neural network

Hui Li,Yuping Zhang,Haiqi Zheng 대한기계학회 2009 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.23 No.10

Varying speed machinery condition detection and fault diagnosis are more difficult due to non-stationary machine dynamics and vibration. Therefore, most conventional signal processing methods based on time invariant carried out in constant time interval are frequently unable to provide meaningful results. In this paper, a study is presented to apply order cepstrum and radial basis function (RBF) artificial neural network (ANN) for gear fault detection during speedup process. This method combines computed order tracking, cepstrum analysis with ANN. First, the vibration signal during speed-up process of the gearbox is sampled at constant time increments and then is re-sampled at constant angle increments. Second, the re-sampled signals are processed by cepstrum analysis. The order cepstrum with normal, wear and crack fault are processed for feature extracting. In the end, the extracted features are used as inputs to RBF for recognition. The RBF is trained with a subset of the experimental data for known machine conditions. The ANN is tested by using the remaining set of data. The procedure is illustrated with the experimental vibration data of a gearbox. The results show the effectiveness of order cepstrum and RBF in detection and diagnosis of the gear condition.

Determining Basis Conversion Matrix without Gauss Period Normal Basis

Yasuyuki Nogami,Erika Yanagi,Masami Hagio,Yoshitaka Morikawa 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7

This paper proposes a more efficient basis conversion matrix calculation method than a method using GNB (Gauss period Normal Basis). The method is not using GNB, thus it is possible to calculate a basis conversion matrix when GNB does not exist.

희소벡터 복원 기법 구축을 위한 방사형 기저 함수망 설계 및 방사형 기저 함수의 비교 연구

박진우,허강열 한국전산유체공학회 2022 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Three radial basis functions (RBFs): Gaussian RBF, multiquadric RBF, and inverse multiquadric RBF, are compared for the radial basis function network (RBFN) as sparse reconstruction of a non-intrusive reduced order model (ROM) based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). Steady-state temperature distributions of an industrial-scale gas boiler by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations are applied as training dataset for the ROM. The optimal number of training samples and truncated eigenmodes are selected by adaptive sampling and projection error, respectively. Sparse data of 16 sensors located in the inner wall of the boiler was applied as an input for the RBFNs of this study for the consideration of realistic application. Parameter study was performed for the shape factor on each RBF and reconstruction error are analyzed as the performance of each RBFN. The RBFN with Gaussian RBF showed the best predictability upon the optimal shape factor. Gaussian RBF is recommended for RBFN as sparse reconstruction under the premise of prior search for optimal shape factor.

ON THE GALERKIN-WAVELET METHOD FOR HIGHER ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Fukuda, Naohiro,Kinoshita, Tamotu,Kubo, Takayuki Korean Mathematical Society 2013 대한수학회보 Vol.50 No.3

The Galerkin method has been developed mainly for 2nd order differential equations. To get numerical solutions, there are some choices of Riesz bases for the approximation subspace $V_j{\subset}L^2$. In this paper we shall propose a uniform approach to find suitable Riesz bases for higher order differential equations. Especially for the beam equation (4-th order equation), we also report numerical results.

On the Galerkin-Wavelet method for higher order differential equations

Naohiro Fukuda,Tomatu Kinoshita,Takatuki Kubo 대한수학회 2013 대한수학회보 Vol.50 No.3

The Galerkin method has been developed mainly for 2nd order differential equations. To get numerical solutions, there are some choices of Riesz bases for the approximation subspace Vj ⊂ L2. In this paper we shall propose a uniform approach to find suitable Riesz bases for higher order differential equations. Especially for the beam equation (4-th order equation), we also report numerical results.

경찰권 발동의 근거로서 개괄적 수권조항에 관한 검토

백종인(Baek, Jong-In),유종민(Yoo, Jong-Min) 전북대학교 법학연구소 2012 法學硏究 Vol.36 No.-

민주국가에서의 헌법의 중요한 지도목표 중 하나는 인간의 존엄과 가치 그리고 기본권 보호라 할 것이다. 따라서 경찰작용(위험방지작용)은 헌법상 요구되는 국가임무이기에, 경찰의 최우선 책무는 개인의 생명, 신체, 자유 및 재산의 보호이다. 결국 경찰상 위험방지는 국가의 의무이자 민주법치국가에서 포기할 수 없는 기본적 기능이며, 경찰제도는 오늘날 국가의 존립에 있어서 가장 기본적이고 필수적인 국가기능으로서 법과 질서의 유지를 위한 불가결한 제도로 이해되고 있다. 왜냐하면 사회 공공의 안녕과 질서유지가 확보되지 아니하면 국가의 존립이나 국민생활 그 자체가 위험에 처할 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서 경찰은 공공의 안녕과 질서에 대한 위험방지를 주된 목적으로 하여야 한다. 경찰은 공공의 안녕과 질서유지를 위한 경찰행정작용은 헌법과 법률에 기초하여 행사되어야한다. 즉, 헌법과 법률은 경찰권 발동의 근거이자 동시에 경찰작용의 한계를 이룬다. 따라서 경찰권 발동에 있어서 그 근거와 한계는 헌법과 법률에 구속된다 할 것이다. 이와 관련하여 오늘날 경찰은 전통적인 경찰개념의 해석을 초월하여 그 역할과 기능이 사회적ㆍ제도적으로 확대되는 추세에 있으므로 경찰활동의 근거가 되는 법률의 정비가 요구되고 있다. 그러나 경찰활동에 대하여 다양한 법률에서 그 근거를 규정하고 있으나 복잡ㆍ다양한 현실을 제도적으로 완전히 뒷받침한다는 것은 한계가 있다. 하지만 경찰활동에 있어서 그 직무가 관계법령을 통하여 명확하게 규정되는 것이 어렵지만 이에 대한 노력을 멈추어서는 안 되는 것이다. 왜냐하면 경찰공무원의 직무가 명확하게 규정되어 있어야 그에 맞는 경찰의 책무를 설명할 수 있을 것이고 그 책무를 위반하는 경우에 그 책임을 논의할 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 위와 같은 문제의식을 바탕으로 경찰권 발동의 근거로서 개괄적 수권조항에 관하여 고찰하고자 한다. 특히 경찰관직무집행법이 경찰작용의 일반적 근거와 국민의 기본권적 자유와 권리를 제한하는 경우의 구체적 요건을 규정하고 있기 때문에 그에관한 논의를 중심으로 하고자 한다. One of the objectives of the constitution in a democratic state is the protection of the dignity, value, and basic rights of human beings. Policing or preventing risks to the citizens’lives and properties is the state’ duty under the constitution, and therefore, the utmost obligation of the police is to protect the individuals’lives, bodies, freedoms, and properties. Preventing risks to the citizens’lives and properties is the state’ duty as well as a basic function that a democratic state cannot give up, and the policing system is the most basic and essential function of the state and the inevitable system for maintaining law and order to fortify the state, for without maintaining the public’ well-being and order, the existence of the state and the nation’ life can be put in danger. Therefore, the police should strive to ensure the public’ well-being and to prevent any risk to peace and order in the society. The police’ administrative function for ensuring the public’ well-being and for maintaining order should be based on and executed according to the constitution and the law. In other words, the constitution and the law are the bases not only of the policing right but also of the policing limitations. Therefore, the base and limitation of exercising the police authorities are under the constitution and the law. Accordingly, policing today tends to expand its role and functions both socially and systematically, surpassing the interpretation of the traditional concept of policing. So organizing the law that is based on police activities is required. While policing is based on various laws, it is difficult to completely and systematically cover the complex and various related realities. This notwithstanding, or while it is difficult to clearly define the duty of policing through the related laws, continuous efforts should be made in this regard because only after the role of the police officers is clearly defined can the corresponding duties of the police be explained, and if the police officers violate such duties, the corresponding responsibilities can be discussed. Therefore, this thesis aims to examine the general authorized provisions as the basis of exercising the police authorities. In particular, it discusses the law on the execution of the police officers’duty, which stipulates the concrete conditions for policing and the cases in which the public’ basic freedoms and rights can be restricted.