초등학생의 시각화 경향성이 문제해결력 및 문제해결과정에 미치는 효과

나일주 ( Il Ju Rha ),성은모 ( Eun Mo Sung ),박소영 ( So Young Park ) 한국초등교육학회 2010 초등교육연구 Vol.23 No.4

Human`s visual activity or visualization tendency are known to have positive effects on problem solving. However, there are no research findings supporting the proposition with concrete evidences. In this respect, this research attempted to discover the relationships between visualization tendency and problem-solving ability. Furthermore, the research tried to find out whether the visualization tendency could have a predictive power on the problem-solving ability. Two hundred and thirty nine elementary school fifth grade students were involved in the data collection process. Correlation, simple regression, and multiple regression were employed for the data analysis. The results showed that visualization tendency has high correlation with problem- solving ability(r=.82). Furthermore, visualization tendency predicts the problem-solving ability significantly(p<.01). Among five sub categories of visualization tendency, generative visualization predicted the problem-solving ability most strongly. In contrast, representative visualization turned out to be the least critical factor comparing to other factors of visualization tendency. In terms of the overall problem-solving process, generative visualization showed the most positive influence on each stage of problem-solving process. However, at planning and implementing process, it was space-motor visualization which affects the process most significantly. Based on the research result, the researchers discussed the effect of visualization tendency on problem solving and several educational implication.

웹기반 개념학습에서 그래픽 조직자의 제시시기와 시각화 경향성 수준이 학업성취에 미치는 효과

유미나 ( Mi Na Yoo ),나일주 ( Il Ju Rha ) 한국초등교육학회 2015 초등교육연구 Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of timing of presenting graphic organizers and visualization tendency on achievement in web-based concept learning. To achieve the purpose, 3 research questions are as follows. 1) Is there the effect of timing of presenting graphic organizers on achievement? 2) Is there significant effect of visualization tendency on achievement in web-based learning? 3) Is there significant interaction effect between timing of presenting graphic organizers and visualization tendency on achievement? In order to verify these research questions, experimental study was conducted. The results were as follows. First, there is significant difference in statistics between groups provided with graphic organizers at the beginning of class and groups provided the organizers at the end of class. Second, there is significant difference in statistics between upper 50% visualization tendency groups and lower 50% visualization groups on mean of achievement score. Third, there is significant interaction effect between visualization tendency and timing of presenting graphic organizers regarding academic achievement in concept learning using web. The results of this study suggest that it has positive effect to present leaners with low visualization tendency graphic organizers at the beginning of class. This result suggest that timing of presenting graphic organizers be significantly considered with depending on visualization tendency.

초등학교 IPTV 활용 수업에서 시각화 경향성이 교과태도, 학습몰입도 및 만족도에 미치는 영향

성은모 ( Eun Mo Sung ),임정훈 ( Jung Hoon Leem ),김세리 ( Se Ri Kim ) 한국초등교육학회 2010 초등교육연구 Vol.23 No.3

The purposes of this study were to investigate affects of visual tendency of attitude on subjects(i.e., social science, science, and english), learning flow, learning satisfaction through using the IPTV based instruction in elementary school, which is IPTV pilot schools nationwide to investigate feasibility of IPTV in classrooms since October 2009. To investigate this research, survey were conducted from 9 elementary schools including 373 students. Independent variables were visual tendency and its factors. Dependent variable for students were attitude on subjects, satisfaction, and flow. The result of students survey revealed that visual tendency was driven 3 factors; generative visualization, space-moro visualization, and instrumental visualization. The result of regression analysis, visual tendency affected attitude on subjects, learning flow. However, Learning satisfaction didn`t. Futhermore, to investigate main affects of factors in visual tendency, multi regression was conducted with dependent variables. Based on the results of this study, some recommendations were suggested for increasing effectiveness using IPTV in instruction.

정신병질 경향성과 고통자극 평가에 관한 연구: 공감능력을 중심으로

정지은,이은진,김영윤,김범준 한국법심리학회 2016 한국심리학회지: 법 Vol.7 No.1

This study investigated the empathy ability of individuals with psychopathic tendencies. Subjects rated pain intensity of visual stimuli(painful/neutral) consisted of pictures and cartoons. Two different perspectives were manipulated through explicit instructions: the subject's own perspective (Self), and other's perspective (Other). After the rating task, subjects completed self-reported measures of psychopathy and an empathy scale. According to the results, the empathy ability of the group with psychopathic tendencies was lower than the empathy ability of the group with non-psychopathic tendencies. On the rating task, the group with non-psychopathic tendencies was higher than the group with psychopathic tendencies in the pain rating scale. In self perspective condition, the group with psychopathic tendencies evaluated higher pain intensity of neutral stimuli than the group with non-psychopathic tendencies. These findings support that psychopaths appear to lack empathy. Due to the fact that the subjects of this study were university students, it has its limitations when it is generalized. However it will serve the role as the fundamental research, allowing further tools and scales to be created upon. We further discussed the practical implications of the present findings. 본 연구에서는 정신병질 경향성이 높은 사람들의 공감능력을 알아보고자 하였다. 피험자들은 사진과 그림으로 이루어진 시각자극을 두 가지 조망조건(자기/타인)에서 얼마나 고통스러워 보이는지 평정하였다. 그 후 피험자들은 정신병질 자기보고식 검사와 공감능력 척도를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 정신병질 경향성이 높은 피험자들은 정신병질 경향성이 낮은 피험자들보다 공감능력이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 실험자극에 대해서는 정신병질 경향성이 낮은 피험자들이 그렇지 않은 피험자들보다 유의미하게 더 고통스럽다고 평가하였다. 반면, 정신병질 경향성이 높은 피험자들은 고통자극보다 중립자극이었을 때, 타인조망보다 자기조망조건에서 더 자극을 고통스럽게 평가하였다. 이 결과는 정신병질자들이 타인의 고통에 대하여 공감능력이 떨어진다는 것을 나타낸다. 본 연구는 대학생들을 대상으로 실험하였기 때문에 결과를 일반화 하는데 한계점이 있지만, 후속연구를 통하여 정신병질자의 공감능력 측정도구 개발의 기초연구가 될 것이다. 마지막으로 이 결과의 시사점 및 후속 연구에 대해 논의하였다.

Relationship with Visualization and Immersion in Virtual Reality Games

최민수,박준 (사)한국컴퓨터게임학회 2018 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.31 No.4

Virtual reality is a technology that enables users to implement environments that are separate from the real world, and immersion is an important factor in implementing separate environments. However, a variety of studies have been conducted to solve this problem as the lack of awareness of the surrounding environment can lead to an unstable virtual reality game environment. Most studies are focused on solving problems through visualization. On the other hand, because visualizations are generally information that is not relevant to the space of virtual reality, research is needed on the effect of the degree of immersion in virtual reality to which they are applied. The guidelines are necessary because there are differences in individual tendencies and the factors that influence the immersion. In order to solve these two problems, we are going to conduct experiments on two systems: a survey based on the immersion tendency and a visualized communication of information about the surrounding environment. Through these results, we will measure the immersion of individuals and identify the impact of visualizations on virtual reality games by dividing them by their propensity to do so to present guidelines on the creation of virtual reality game environments based on the individual's tendency to engage in immersion

초등학생의 시각화 경향성과 교과 학습태도가 교과 학업성취에 미치는 영향의 구조적 관계분석

성은모 ( Eun Mo Sung ) 한국초등교육학회 2011 초등교육연구 Vol.24 No.3

Human`s visual activity or visualization capabilities are positively related with learning attitude or academic ability. However, there are lack of research findings supporting the proposition with concrete evidences about relationships among visualization tendency, learning attitude for the subject and academic ability. To address this respect, this research has conducted to identify the cause and effect among these variables. Furthermore, the research has tried to find out the specific effect among variables by estimating total effect, direct effect, and indirect effect. Two hundred forty-seven elementary school students who were fifth grade were participated in this study. To analysis relationships and the specific effect, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analysis were employed. According to the results, there were significant correlation between visualization tendency and learning attitude for the subject r=.55, p<.01, visualization tendency and academic ability r=.35, p<.01, learning attitude for the subject and academic ability r=.43, p<.01. According to the result of analysis the cause and effects, the learning attitude for the subject was predicted by visualization tendency =0.55, p<.01, the academic ability was predicted by visualization tendency =0.17, p<.05, the academic ability was predicted by learning attitude for the subject =0.34, p<.01. Also, indirect effect and total effect of visualization tendency through the academic ability was =0.19, p<.05 and =0.34, p<.01. The measurement model provided an acceptable fit to the data; (41, N=247)=101.23, p<.01, CFI=0.95, TLI=0.92, SRMR=0.07, RMSEA=0.07. Based on the research results, some recommendations were discussed for the effect of visualization tendency on several educational implications.

중학생의 시각화 경향성, 기술 학습 태도, 기술 학업 성취간의 관계 분석

이은상 한국기술교육학회 2017 한국기술교육학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify the causal relationship between visualization tendency, learning attitude toward technology, and academic achievement in technology. Researcher administered a survey that measured visualization tendency, learning attitude toward technology, and academic achievement in technology to 382 middle school students in the eighth grade, consisting of 185 boys and 197 girls. Researcher analyzed the survey data using path modeling. The results of this study were as follows. Generative and instrumental visualization tendency had a direct effect on learning attitude toward technology. Generative and instrumental visualization tendency had a direct effect on academic achievement in technology. Learning attitude toward technology mediated the relation between visualization tendency and academic achievement in technology. These findings support the notion that visualization tendency is the key factor that affects learning attitude toward technology and academic achievement in technology. The significance of this research is that overall relationships among the variables related to visualization tendency were derived in the subject of technology. The educational implications of the results were discussed. 이 연구의 목적은 중학생의 시각화 경향성, 기술 학습 태도, 기술 학업 성취 간의 인과 관계를 파악하는데 있다. 이를 위해 중학교 2학년 학생 382명(남 : 185, 여 : 197)을 대상으로 시각화 경향성, 기술 학습 태도, 기술 학업 성취를 측정하였으며, 경로 모형을 이용하여 연구의 결과를 도출하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중학생의 생성적, 수단적 시각화 경향성은 기술 교과의 학습 태도에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 중학생의 생성적, 수단적 시각화 경향성은 기술 학업 성취에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 중학생의 생성적, 수단적 시각화 경향성은 기술 교과의 학습 태도를 매개하여 학업 성취에 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 결과는 시각화 경향성이 기술 학습 태도 및 학업 성취 모두에 유의미한 영향을 주는 핵심 변인임을 확인하였다. 이 연구는 기술 교과에서 시각화 경향성 관련 여러 변인들 간의 영향 관계 경로를 확인하였다는 데에 그 의의가 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 기술 교과에서 시각화 경향성 신장을 위한 교육적 시사점을 논의하였다.

간호대학생의 학습유형, 시각화 경향성, 문제해결과정과의 관계

최은진(Eun-Jin Choi) 한국자료분석학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.23 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생의 학습유형, 시각화 경향성, 문제해결 과정간의 관계를 조사하는 것이다. 연구방법은 232명의 간호대학생을 편의 수집 하였으며 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 평균, 표준편차, 백분율, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Pearson s correlation coefficient, logistic regression을 사용하여 분석하였다. 일반적 특성에 따른 시각화 경향성 정도는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았고, 대상자의 학습유형은 적응형이 122명(54.5%)으로 가장 많았으며 확산형(49명, 21.9%), 동화형(37명, 16.5%), 수렴형(16명, 7.1%)순으로 나타났다. 확산형이 적응형에 비해 시각화 경향성 점수가 높았고 (F=5.75, p=.001) 확산형과 동화형이 적응형에 비해 문제해결과정 점수가 높았다 (F=5.42, p=.001). 시각화 경향성과 문제해결과정간에는 양의 상관관계가 있었으며(r=.49, p<.001), 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 시각화 경향성이 가장 높은 그룹이 가장 낮은 그룹에 비해 문제해결과정 점수가 높을 가능성이 17.24배 높았다(OR = 17.24, 95% Confidence Interval = 3.79~78.40). 본 연구결과는 간호대학생의 학습유형을 고려한 교수법활용과 문제해결능력을 높이기 위해 시각화 경향성을 활용한 교수법 적용이 필요함을 시사한다. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between learning style, visualization tendency, and problem-solving process among nursing student. Participants included 232 nursing students from one college, using convenience sampling method. The collected data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 Program, through independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson s correlation coefficient, and logistic regression. As a result, a difference was found in diverging learning style and accommodating style according to the visualization tendency (F=7.75, p=.001). There was also difference in assimilating and accommodating according to the problem-solving process (F=5.42, p=.001). Visualization tendency was related to problem-solving process positively (r=.49, p<.001). A logistic regression analysis showed that students with visualization tendency in the top quartile group more likely presented with high score of problem-solving process (OR=17.24, 95%CI: 3.79~78.40), compared to nursing students in the lowest quartile. These findings provide the evidence of using visualization tendency as one of the helpful teaching-learning methods. To maximize the problem-solving process, educators must use the visualization tendency more concrete and active.

IPTV 학습환경에서 중,고등학생의 시각화 경향성, 교과 태도, 학습몰입 및 학습만족도의 구조적 관계 분석

임정훈,성은모 한국교육정보미디어학회(구 한국교육정보방송학회) 2011 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.17 No.3

IPTV의 주요매체특성은 고화질, 고선명성으로 대표되며, 이러한 시각적 영상자료의 활용은 학습자의 시각적 사고활동을 촉진시키고 학습자의 주의환기 및 동기를 유발함으로써 교과태도, 학습몰입 및 학습만족도 증진에 영향을 미친다고 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 IPTV 활용 교수학습환경에 있는 중·고등학생들을 대상으로 시각화 경향성, 교과태도, 학습몰입도 그리고 학습만족도 간에 어떠한 구조적 인과관계가 있는지를 면밀히 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 IPTV 시범연구학교 중·고등학생 625명 (중학생 125명, 고등학생 500명)을 대상으로 시각화 경향성, 교과 학습태도, 교과 학업성취도에 대한 구조적 관계를 구조방정식을 통해 살펴보았으며, 보다 구체적인 요인들의 인과관계분석을 위해 효과분해 즉, 총 효과, 직접효과, 간접효과를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 각 변인들의 상관관계는 매우 유의미한 것으로 나타났으며, 시각화 경향성 교과태도에는 직접적인 영향을 학습몰입과 학습만족도에는 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교과태도는 학습몰입에는 직접적으로 학습만족도에는 간접적으로 영향을 미쳤으며, 학습몰입은 학습만족도에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 요인들의 인과관계에 대한 구조모형의 적합도 분석결과, IPTV를 활용한 학습환경에서 중·고등학생의 시각화 경향성, 교과태도, 학습몰입도, 그리고 학습만족도의 구조적 관계는 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 IPTV의 교육적 활용에 대한 논의와 교육적 시사점이 논의되었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships among visual tendency, attitude on subjects (i.e., social science, science, and english), learning flow, and learning satisfaction through using the IPTV based instruction in middle and high school, which is IPTV pilot schools nationwide to investigate feasibility of IPTV in classrooms. To investigate this research, 625 subjects were surveyed be means of online survey system for 4 weeks. To analysis the cause and effects, structural equation modeling was employed. Also, To estimate the specific effects, there were used total effect, direct effect, and indirect effect index by Bootstrapping. All analysis were employed by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. According to the results, there were significant correlation that ranged from r=.14 to r=.45, p<.01. There were significant relationships on the cause and effects, the learning attitude on subject was predicted by visualization tendency R2=0.43, p<.01, the Learning flow was predicted by learning attitude on subject R2=0.33, p<.01, the learning satisfaction was predicted by the learning flow R2=0.44, p<.01. Also, indirect effect of visualization tendency trough the learning flow was R2=0.14, p<.01 and learning satisfaction was R2=0.11, p<.01. Indirect effect of the learning satisfaction trough the learning attitude on subject was R2=0.15, p<.01. The measurement model provided an acceptable fit to the data; X2(183, N=625)=681.15, p<.01, CFI=0.94, TLI=0.92, SRMR=0.06, RMSEA=0.06. Based on the results of this study, some recommendations were suggested for increasing effectiveness using IPTV in instruction

시각화 활동 중심 창의성 교육 프로그램이예비유아교사의 창의성 계발에 미치는 영향

김효원,김누리 한국창의력교육학회 2018 창의력교육연구 Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of creativity education program focused on visualization activities, which was known to predict problem solving significantly, on pre-early childhood teachers' creativity. For this purpose, we developed a program that includes visualization activities based on the design thinking process and examined the effects on 58 pre-early childhood teachers's creative self-efficacy, visualization tendency and problem solving ability. we divided the group (31 people) who did participated in creativity education program and the group (27 people) who did not participated in creativity education program. As a result, it was found that the creative self-efficacy, visualization tendency and problem solving ability of statistically significant improvement were observed in the group who participated in creativity education program. than those who did not. Second, experimental group participated in creativity education program showed that creative self- efficacy and visualization tendency predicted problem solving ability significantly. Based on the results of this study, we discussed educational implications. 이 연구의 목적은 문제해결을 유의하게 예측하는 것으로 알려진 시각화 활동 경험이 예비유아교사의 창의적 자기효능감, 시각화 경향성, 문제해결능력에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보는데 있다. 이를 위해 디자인 사고과정(design thinking process)에 기반하여 시각화 활동 중심의 창의성 교육 프로그램을 개발하여 광주광역시 소재 S대학의 예비유아교사 58명을 대상으로 그 효과를 살펴보았다. 시각화 활동 중심 창의성 교육 프로그램을 경험한 실험집단(31명)과 이를 경험하지 않은 통제집단(27명)으로 나누어 각각에 사전, 사후 창의성 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 첫째 시각화 활동 중심 창의성 교육 프로그램을 경험한 실험집단이 그렇지 않은 통제집단에 비해 창의적 자기효능감, 시각화 경향성과 문제해결능력이 통계적으로 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 시각화 활동을 경험한 실험집단에서 창의적 자기효능감과 시각화 경향성이 문제해결능력을 유의하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 교육적 시사점을 논의하였다.