Preference for Challenging Tasks: The Critical Factor on Late Academic Achievement and Creative Problem Solving Ability

조석희,안도희,한석실 한국교육개발원 2005 KEDI Journal of Educational Policy Vol.2 No.2

Purpose of this study was to find out factors which may affect later academic achievements and creative problem solving ability. Two studies were carried out: One is to find out critical factors on later achievement among their intellectual and affective characteristics and family processes during their childhood; The other is to find out critical factor on creative problem solving among several affective characteristics. The first study was conducted with 60 young adults identified as prodigies at the age of 3-5 and 56 of their parents. Stepwise regression analyses were carried out with academic achievement, IQ, self-concept, achievement motivation, belief in their intellectual abilities, general self-efficacy and family processes. It was found that the preference for challenging tasks was the only factor highly correlated with academic achievement. The second study was conducted with 232 upper elementary school students and 77 gifted upper elementary school students. The study was to verify the path model among creative problem solving ability, motivation, beliefs about intellectual abilities, and preference for creative problem solving and challenging tasks. It was found that the intrinsic motivation, preference for creative problem solving and for challenging tasks directly affect the creative problem solving ability. It was also found that incremental beliefs about intellectual ability indirectly affect the creative problem solving ability through preference for creative problem solving, and intrinsic motivation. The results imply that providing children with positive experiences of working with challenging tasks are necessary to have children to achieve higher in their later years and to be creative in problem solving.

그릿(Grit)과 과제도전감의 관계 : 흥미유지와 노력지속에서 유능감의 조절효과

임효진(Hyo Jin Lim),윤여경(Yeo Kyeong Yoon) 한국교육방법학회 2017 교육방법연구 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구에서는 장기적인 목표를 위한 열정과 인내를 뜻하는 그릿(Grit)과 학업적 유능감, 과제도전감과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그릿은 흥미유지와 노력지속의 두 하위요인으로 구성되어 있으며, 이에 유능감이 흥미유지와 노력지속의 관계를 어떻게 조절하고 있는지 이어 노력지속이 과제도전감을 어떻게 예측하는지를 탐색하였다. 연구를 위해 초등학생 5, 6학년 348명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 그 결과를 확인적 요인분석과 잠재조절구조방정식 모형을 사용하여 알아보았다. 구체적인 결과를 살펴보면, 노력지속은 흥미유지에 의해 유의하게 예측되는 가운데 유능감의 수준에 따라 달라지는 양상을 보였다. 부트스트래핑 검증 결과 유능감이 낮거나 중간인 집단에서는 흥미유지와 노력지속의 관계가 유의하지 않았지만, 유능감이 높은 집단에서는 두 변수의 관계가 정적으로 유의하게 나타나 유능감의 조절역할을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 노력지속은 과제도전감을 정적으로 예측하였으며, 이는 노력을 지속하는 수준이 높은 학생들일수록 학습에서 어려운 과제를 선호하고 실패에도 포기하지 않는 경향이 있음을 나타낸다. This study aimed to explore the relationship among grit (i.e. passion and perseverance for long-term goal), perceived academic competence, and preference for challenging task among elementary school students. Grit consists of two subfactors such as consistency of interest and perseverance of effort. We examined whether academic competence would moderate the relationship between consistency of interest and perseverance of effort and whether perseverance of effort would predict students’ preference for challenging tasks. We administered survey for a total of 348 5th and 6th elementary school students and analyzed data employing confirmatory factor analysis and latent moderated structural equation modeling. Results demomstrated that perseverance of effort was found to be predicted by consistency of interest, depending on the level of competence. Bootstrapping results indicated that perseverance of effort was positively predicted by consistency of interest when competence was high (+1SD) but not when competence was low (-1SD) or at the mean. In addition, perseverance of effort positively affected preference for challenging task, meaning that students who had higher perseverance were more likely to choose to undertake a more challenging task against an easier alternative and less likely to give up after failure.

체육수업에서 학생을 대하는 교사의 태도가 과제수행에 대한 학생들의 그릿(grit)과 도전감에 미치는 영향

조홍식 한국체육과학회 2022 한국체육과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of physical education teachers' attitudes toward students on the students' grit and sense of challenge in task performance. To this end, middle and high school students in Gyeonggi-do were set as the population, and 322 students were selected through convenience sampling. The collected data were analyzed through a multiple regression analysis using SPSS Win Ver 23.0 statistical program, and the results are as follows. First, physical education teachers' attitude toward students had a statistically significant effect on the students' perseverance of effort, a sub-factor of grit, while no significant effect was found on the consistency of interest. Second, the students' grit on task performance in physical education had a statistically significant effect on their sense of challenge. Third, the teacher's attitude toward students in physical education showed a statistically significant effect on the students' sense of challenge.

조직의 혁신지원풍토와 혁신행동

고욱(Ko, Wook),오승영(Oh, Seung-Young),신민정(Shin, Min-Jeong) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.2

[연구목적] 조직에서의 지속적인 경쟁력 확보는 구성원들의 혁신적 업무수행 및 업무방식이 바탕이 되어야 가능하다. 이에 조직 혁신의 바탕인 새로운 아이디어 발현, 이를 개발하고 실행하는 구성원들의 혁신 행동의 영향요인, 결과 등이 보고되고 있으나 그 동안 혁신지원분위기를 다룬 연구는 부족하였고, 기업 조직에 시사점을 제공하는 연구도 부족하였다. 뿐만 아니라 혁신지원풍토나 혁신적 조직문화를 다룬 연구일지라도 단일 차원적(Uni-dimension)으로 접근하여, 각각의 하위차원이 혁신 행동에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 살펴보지 못하는 한계를 지니고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 조직 구성원들이 느낄 수 있는 조직의 혁신지원풍토의 하위차원요소가 조직원이 수행하는 혁신 행동에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지의 직접효과와 조직자긍심과 과업도전성을 조절 변수로 하여 혁신지원분위기의 하위 변수와 혁신 행동 간의 관계에 대한 전반적인 이해를 높이고자 하였다. [연구방법] 국내 기업종사자 230명 및 직속상사 230명을 대상으로 한 조절회귀분석을 통하여 가설을 검증하였다. [연구결과] 주요 연구결과로 첫째, 혁신지원풍토 중 창의적 지원 및 혁신 보상은 구성원의 혁신행동에 정의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 혁신지원풍토와 혁신행동의 관계에서 과업도전성은 특히 창의적 지원과 혁신행동과의 관계, 혁신 보상과 혁신행동의 관계의 강도를 조절하는 것으로 나타나 과업도전성의 중요성을 밝혔다. 셋째, 구성원들의 조직자긍심의 조절역할로, 특히 혁신보상과 혁신행동관계에서 조직자긍심이 높을수록 독립변수와 종속변수의 관계가 강화되는 것으로 확인되었다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구결과를 통한 실무적 시사점으로 혁신행동을 위하여 어떻게 조직풍토를 형성할 것인지, 직무설계 및 직무부여에 있어 구성원의 태도의 중요성과 조직에 대한 애착의 중요성을 제시하였다. [Purpose] Recently, continuous getting competitive advantage should be based on employees’ innovative performance management and way of working. In line with this trend recent studies have reported emergence of idea, the antecedents and outcomes of innovative behavior. However, there is little study considering innovation support climate and providing practical managerial implication. Even though innovation support climate research, there is no study considering multi-dimension of innovation support climate rather most of prior research used uni-dimension, which leads to have limitation each dimension effect of innovative behavior. Therefore this study tries to empirically analysis the relationship between each dimension of innovation support climate and innovative behavior. And this study identifies boundary condition of organization based self-esteem(OBSE) and task challenge. That is the direct effect of innovation support climate which can be perceived by organizational members on innovative behavior and the moderating effect of OBSE and task challenge on the relationship between innovation support climate and innovative behavior. [Methodology] This study using 212 member-supervisor dyad with moderation regression analysis. [Findings] Firstly, creativity support and innovation-reward significantly positive impacts on innovation behavior which was measures by supervisors. Secondly, task challenge showed the enhancing moderation effect on the relationship between creativity support and innovative behavior and the relationship between innovation-reward and innovative behavior. Thirdly, OBSE also showed the moderating effect such that high relationship between innovation-reward showed when OBSE is also higher level. [Implications] This study provided the direction to make organization climate for innovative behaviors and the importance of job structure and assignment besides employees’ a affective attitudes towards their organization.

창의적 문제해결력 향상을 위한 도전기반학습 중심의 머신러닝 학습프로그램 개발

김인철,유인환 대구교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2023 초등교육연구논총 Vol.39 No.4

In the modern society that is being transformed into an intelligent information society, the influence of data utilization and AI technology is growing. So far, AI education is limited to understanding the principles of AI and simple application experience of using AI, and there is a limit in not being able to develop the ability to solve authentic task in society. Accordingly, this study aims to develop an instruction program that can develop learners' ability to solve real-life problems using AI, and to verify the effect on learners' creative problem-solving ability. This study analyzed previous studies to understand and utilize ML(Machine Learning) based on CBL(Challenge-based Learning). Based on this analysis, this study developed a CBL-based ML instruction program in three steps. The first, ‘Engage’ step involves using the SDGs to create big ideas, asking essential questions, and selecting Authentic task. The second, ‘Investigation’ step involves engaging in various basic activities, exploring resources, and preparing solutions. The third, ‘Action’ step is to develop, implement, evaluate and share ML-based solutions. By applying the developed CBL-based ML instruction program, I tried to confirm the effect on the understanding of ML and creative problem-solving ability through solving Authentic task selected by learners. So, after applying the CBL-based ML instruction program for 8 weeks (13th session) to 25 students in the 5th grade of elementary school, I conducted a creative problem-solving ability test. As a result of the study, learners who participated in the CBL-based ML instruction program confirmed significant improvements in all four areas of creative problem-solving ability. Therefore, it is suggested that the CBL-based ML instruction program developed in this study can have a positive effect on the learner's understanding of machine learning and the improvement of creative problem-solving ability. 지능정보사회로 전환되고 있는 현대사회에서 데이터 활용과 AI기술의 영향력이 커지고 있다. 지금까지의 AI교육에서는 AI 원리 이해와 AI의 단순한 활용 경험에 머무르며, 사회 속 실생활 문제 해결을 위한 능력을 키우지 못하는 한계가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 학습자가 AI를 활용하여 실생활 속 문제를 해결하는 능력을 키울 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 학습자의 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 한다. 본 연구는 학습자가 도전 기반 학습(CBL)을 중심으로 머신러닝(ML)을 이해하고 활용할 수 있도록 선행 연구를 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 CBL 기반 ML 학습프로그램을 참여, 조사, 행동 3단계로 개발하였으며, 이 학습프로그램을 적용하여 학습자가 실제적 도전 과제 해결을 통해 ML에 대한 이해 및 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 초등학교 5학년 학생 25명을 대상으로 8주간 13차시의 학습프로그램을 적용한 후 창의적 문제해결력 검사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 CBL 기반 ML 학습프로그램에 참가한 학습자들은 창의적 문제해결력의 4가지 영역 모두에서 유의한 수준의 향상을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 학습프로그램이 학습자의 ML에 대한 이해와 창의적 문제해결력 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다.

녹색성장을 위한 생활체육의 새로운 도전과 과제

채재성(Jae Sung Chae) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.39

The course of historical development of Sport for All Movement has had intimate relationship with the change of social environment`s changes. These days, the so-called `green revolution` occurs and these new trends of changes suggest human beings` civilization another task of challenges. Exhaustion of energy resources faced by the global village, problems of environmental pollution represented by global warming, high ratio of unemployment and economical crisis caused by limited growth are the very problems. But in the meantime, Korea`s sports for all have mainly concentrated on providing various social classes and objects with opportunities for participation in sports for all through forming their basis such as athletic facilities, programs and sports leaders, etc. or on increasing the total numbers of participants. Therefore preparation for such changes is insufficient. Moreover, actually our efforts to prepare for sports for all from new epochal and policy-related point of view of `green growth with low carbon` are almost wholly lacking. Accordingly, in this study, the researcher intends to investigate into the deep relationship between sport for all and problems of energy, environment and economy that are raised as the core task for the policy of `green growth with low carbon`. And to solve problems, the researcher intends to find new methods for sports for all to contribute and to grope for concrete measures to apply them in the enforcement of the policies for sports for all. In addition, the researcher also intended to reevaluate the value of sports for all so that they would be positioned as new developmental power for sharing continuous development as new paradigm for national development.

라틴 아메리카 지역에서의 ODR 실행가능성에 관한 연구

김선광(Sun Kwang Kim) 중앙대학교 한국전자무역연구소 2016 전자무역연구 Vol.14 No.1

연구목적: 본고에서는 인터넷에 대한 접근이 널리 보급되어 있지 못한 라틴 아메리카와 같은 개도국 경제에서의 ODR(Online Dispute Resolution)온라인 분쟁해결)의 실행가능성에 관하여 검토하였다. 이 지역은 문화적인 과제, 정보통신기술 부문의 기반시설 문제, 법률적 과제 등과 같은 어려움이 있음에도 불구하고, ODR의 혜택은 실질적으로 이러한 어려움들을 극복하고도 남을 정도의 유리한 점이 있다고 할 수 있다. 본고의 연구목적은 라틴 아메리카와 같은 개도국에서의 ODR의 실행가능성을 검토하는데 있다. 설계/자료/방법론: 라틴 아메리카 지역의 ODR 관련 자료는 매우 미흡한 편이다. 본고에서는 ODR에 관한 기존의 논문들과 라틴 아메리카의 지역적 특성 및 현 상황 등에 대한 웹 자료들을 참고하여 규범적인 연구방법으로 서술하였다. 이러한 자료들을 토대로 라틴 아메리카 지역에서의 ODR 실행가능성에 관한 문제와 그 실행을 위한 해결과제들을 제시하였다. 결과: ODR은 지역적 특성에 맞출 수 있는 유연성이 있음이 입증되었다. 즉 ODR은 선진국들로부터 분쟁해결방법을 그대로 모방하는 방법을 통해서가 아니라, 정보통신기술 부문의 기반시설과 같은 현지의 제약요소 뿐 아니라 현지의 문화적인 특징 등과 같은 제약요소들을 변경시킴으로써 그 실현 가능이 있다는 점은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 ODR은 라틴 아메리카 지역에서 저렴한 비용으로 신속하게 분쟁을 해결해 줌으로써, 이 지역의 불만족스러운 공식적 법원 시스템에 대한 대안으로 매우 높은 효율성이 있는 것으로 입증되었다. 독창성/가치: 본고에서는 ODR의 실행가능성 분석을 통하여 라틴 아메리카 지역에서 전자상거래를 활성화시킬 수 있음을 검토하였다. 본고에서는 이 지역의 도전적 과제들에 대한 세 가지의 해결과제들이 제시되었다. 그런데 본고에서 제시한 극복과제들은 매우 어려운 문제들이며, 이는 서서히 그 결과가 나타날 것으로 전망된다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이는 가치 있는 노력이라 할 수 있다. 이 지역의 모든 관계 당사자들은 라틴 아메리카 지역에서의 ODFR의 강력한 잠재력으로부터 상당한 혜택을 누리게 될 것이다. 그리하여 이는 한국과 라틴 아메리카 국가들과의 FTA 체결 확장을 통해 전자상거래의 활성화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치게 될 것으로 판단된다. Purpose: This article argues that online dispute resolution (ODR) is feasible for emerging economies, such as those in Latin America, even though Internet access is not yet widespread. Despite these cultural challenges, such as those presented by technological infrastructure improvement and regulations, the benefits substantially outweigh the difficulties involved in the implementation of ODR in developing countries. This article's purpose is to examine the feasibility of ODR in developing countries, such as those in Latin America Area. Design/Data/Methodology : The newest data regarding Latin America Area's ODR is insufficient. This study collected and examined previous papers concerning ODR and web data, especially those regarding Latin America's regional character and current state. Through data analysis and previous articles, the problem of a Latin American ODR feasibility analysis, and solutions for progress, were suggested. Findings: ODR has proven its flexibility by adapting to regional context. This is an important feature because the task does not involve blindly transposing dispute settlement methods from developed countries, but rather tailoring them to local cultural characteristics and constraints, and particularly those concerning ICT infrastructure. ODR has also demonstrated its high efficiency in Latin America, offering an affordable and speedy alternative to the often unsatisfying official justice system, allowing for the resolution of disputes to progress quickly and at a minimum cost. Originality/Value: This article reviewed the way to vitalize electronic commerce in Latin America, through an ODR feasibility analysis. Three solution tasks were presented regarding this area's challenges. We are aware that overcoming these challenges is daunting, as the results will be only gradually observed. Even so, we believe it is worth the effort. All involved stakeholders will greatly benefit from ODR’s strong potential in Latin America. These findings will also positively affect the activation of electronic commerce transactions through the expansion of Korea and Latin America FTA.

중국적십자운동 발전과정과 진화적 맥락 (현대까지 이르는 계보) - 회고와 전망(1904-2023) -

문야오리,최은라,정종화 한국사회복지역사학회 2024 사회복지역사연구 Vol.6 No.-

In the wake of the Sino-Japanese War, the enlightenment movement of the Chinese Red Cross began to emerge. Educated people used newspapers and magazines such as Xinbo as a means of promoting the Red Cross. Sun Zhongshan, Sun Gan, Lu Shufan, Shen Dunhe, and others introduced the Red Cross rescue knowledge system to China, and on March 10, 1904, the Chinese Red Cross Society was born. During the Republic of China era, the Chinese Red Cross movement entered a period of modernization and development, during which field ambulance services, organizing public medical and health services, developing social aid and welfare services, and participating in international rescue were the main tasks of the Red Cross. In the early years of the founding of the new China, the Chinese Red Cross was successfully reorganized during the period of socialist construction. During the planned economy, the Chinese Red Cross returned to its legitimate place, participating in battlefield ambulance services to the United States and North Korea, actively conducting patriotic health campaigns in China, and engaging in civilian diplomacy. While domestic Red Cross activities stagnated during the Cultural Revolution, overseas Red Cross operations continued to operate normally. The promulgation of the Chinese Red Cross Society Law in 1993, during the market economy, was a landmark event. During this period, the idea of building a Red Cross cause with Chinese characteristics was put forward, emergency rescue work was carried out in an orderly manner, and humanitarian assistance and services were continuously expanded. In addition, the ability to mobilize humanitarian resources has been greatly strengthened, humanitarian cultural dissemination has been carried out in depth, exchanges between the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Red Crosses have been deepened, and the role of members of the international Red Cross movement and civil diplomacy has been effectively played. Members of the international Red Cross movement and civilian diplomacy have effectively played their roles. At the same time, the organizational system and governance structure of the Red Cross have also been gradually improved. Entering a new era, the Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Work of Party Organizations issued by the CPC Central Committee in 2015 and the Reform Program of the Chinese Red Cross Society issued by the General Secretary of the State Council in 2018 emphasized that the Chinese Red Cross cause is an important part of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics and that the Chinese Red Cross Society is a bridge and link for the Party and government to reach out to the public in the humanitarian field. The Red Cross work with Chinese characteristics has been developing for nearly 120 years and has made remarkable achievements, but now faces many opportunities and challenges.

과학 영재들의 과제집착력 특성 탐색

장정은 ( Jyungeun Jang ),정윤숙 ( Yoonsook Chung ),최양희 ( Yanghee Choi ),김성원 ( Sung Won Kim ) 한국과학교육학회 2013 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구에서는 과학 영재들이 과제집착력을 보이며 활동한 경험을 분석하야 과제집착력을 나타내는 영재들의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 과학 영재들이 자기 소개서에 원인이나 원리를 깊이 있게 탐구 했던 경험을 구체적으로 서술해보게 하였다. 학생들의 응답으로부터 과제집착력을 나타낸 것으로 보이는 특징만을 코드로 추출하고 분석하여 과제 집착력을 나타내는 과학 영재의 특성을 귀납적으로 탐색하였다. 결과적으로 영재들이 기술한 내용에서 반복적으로 나타나는 특징들을 바탕으로 자신감, 도전적 목표설정, 과제해결을 위한 도전적 접근, 통제감, 자의식 상실, 시간 개념의 변형, 고된 작업의 감수, 주도성, 계속성(끈기, 인내)의 9가지 특성들을 분류하였다. 영재교육 경력이 있는 3명의 전문가 합의 과정을 통해 9가지 특성을 다시 도전성, 몰입, 적극서의 세 가지 특성으로 범주화 시킬 수 있었다. 도전성, 몰입, 적극성의 세 가지 특성은 과제집착력의 정의를 잘 표현해주는 것으로 영재들의 과제집착력을 설명해줄 수 있다. 본 연구 결과로 얻어진 과제집착력을 나타내는 영재들의 특성을 기반으로 하여 학생들의 과제집착력 판별을 위한 준거 틀 및 도구 개발이 가능하다. In this research we tried to discover the characteristics of gifted students by analyzing their experience in showing task commitment. In order to do this we asked science gifted students to specifically describe their experiences while deeply experimenting on a scientific cause or theory. From their responses we inductively explored the characteristics of science gifted students by extracting and analyzing the characteristics that show task commitment. Consequentially the characteristics of the gifted students are divided into nine categories which are confidence setting a challenging goal challenging approach for solving problems sense of potential control loss of self-consciousness time distortion submission to difficult task initiative and endurance all of which appear repeatedly among the gifted students. With consensus among three experts who have experience in research on gifted education these nine characteristics can be categorized into 3 characteristics; challenge flow and willingness. The three characteristics such as challenge flow and willingness well represent a definition of task commitment. These characteristics can explain the level of task commitment exhibited by science gifted students. It is possible to develop the tool and framework for judging the task commitment of gifted students on the basis of their characteristics.

초등학교 체육교과 활동과제평가지 개발

성기훈 ( Kee Hoon Sung ),이승배 ( Seung Bae Lee ) 서울敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 2011 한국초등교육 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 초등학교 체육교과 도전활동 영역을 중심으로 활동과제평가 지의 개발 과정과 개발된 활동과제평가 지의 구체적인 모습 및 그 활용에 관한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이에 2010년 6월부터 2011년 6월까지 초등학교 5ㆍ6학년 9개 학급을 대상으로 실행 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 활동과제평가 지의 개발 과정은 초안 개발 이전에 이루어져야 할 기초작업(개발의 방향 설정, 종목 선정 및 과제 분석, 성취목표 및 평가기준 개발, 디자인 시안 개발)이 이루어졌다. 이러한 기초작업을 토대로 초안-수정안-최종안이 순차적으로 체육수업 상황에서 개발-적용-검토되는 과정을 통해 총 9개 종목의 활동과제평가지가 개발ㆍ확정되었다. 둘째, 본 연구를 통해 개발된 활동과제평가지는 8개 영역(활동과제평가지명 및 평가주체 코너, 내용관련 기본정보사항 코너, 학습목표 및 유의점과 준비물 코너, 운동수행 코너, 정의적 가치덕목 코너, 반성 및 정리 코너, 교사평가 코너, 연속동작 사진자료 코너)으로 내용 구성이 이루어졌다. 그리고 본 활동과제평가 지의 효과적인 활용을 위해 고려되어야 할 몇 가지 사항이 확인되었다. The purpose of this study is to develop actual tasks assessment sheets in elementary physical education. This actual tasks assessment sheets were developed in challenge activity among fifth activity domain in elementary physical education. And the purpose of this study is to provide basic data about specific appearance and use of the developed actual tasks assessment sheets. To achieve this purpose, researchers applied an action research design from June 2010 to June 2011. Participants were 5th and 6th grade students in an elementary school classes. The major findings are as follows: First, the developing process of the sheets was followed several procedures (deciding the direction of development, selecting sports and task analysis, developing the achievement goals and evaluation criteria, developing a draft of actual tasks assessment sheet) prior to the draft development. Based on these basic procedures, draft-amendments-final sheets were developed sequentially. Each of These sheets was followed through process of development-applies-reviewing. Through this procedure, 9 actual tasks assessment sheets in elementary physical education were developed. Second, the actual tasks assessment sheet is consisted of eight corners(corner for the name of actual tasks assessment sheet and selecting assessor, corner for basic information about the related content, learning objectives, matters to be attended points and materials corner, physical performance corner, affective values & virtues corner, reflection and arrangement corners, teacher assessment corner, corner for photos of continuous motions). In addition, a few things was confirmed for the effective use of actual tasks assessment sheets in elementary physical education classes.