Effect of Preincubation of Thymopentin and Thymopentin-Treated Mononuclear Cell Supernatant on Herpes Simplex Virus Infection of Human Fibroblast Monolayers

Kim, Hyung Ok,Lee, Jeong Deuk,Kim, Tae Yoon,Kim, Chung Won CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1993 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.21 No.1

Herpes simplex viruses are one of the most common sources of infectious in man. Relapses occur frequently in a small fraction of the individuals who had a primary infection. Many different modes of treatment have been tried for herpes simplex. Thymopentin is a suggestive treatment agent for herpes simplex virus infection. In the previous studies, thymopentin induced changes in cell-mediated immunity. However, it has not been investigated to the direct effect of thymopentin on herpes simplex virus infection. In this study, we studied the direct effect of thymopentin on herpes simplex virus infection of human fibroblast monolayers. Mononuclear cells were obtained from herpes simplex patients and healthy adults. The cells were cultured in the presence of different thymopentin concentrations (10^5, 10^4, 10^2, 10^1, 10^0, 10^-1, 0 ng/dl). The supernatant was harvested. The fibroblast monolayers were incubated in the presence of different thymopentin concentrations (10^5, 10^4, 10^2, 10^1, 10^0, 10^-1, 0 ng/dl) and supernatant for 30 minutes. The fibroblast monolayers were inoculated by herpes simplex virus. The number of herpes simplex virus infected cells was determined by plaque assay and immunofluorescence. The results were as follows: 1. The maximum cytopathic effect on the infected fibroblast monolayers was observed for 48-72 hours after infection. Immunofluorescence of the infected fibroblast was preceded than the cytopathic effect appeare4. 2. Thymopentin increased plaque forming unit (PFU) to 43.4% at 10^3 ng/ml, 33.0% at 10&1 ng/ml and immunofluorescence to 2.93%, 2.67% respectively. 3. Thymopentin in mononuclear tell supernatant from herpes simplex patients decreased PFU to 12.3% and immunofluorescence to 3.68% at 10^3 ng/ml. 4. Thymopentin in mononuclear cell supernatant from healthy adults decreased PFU to 5.7% at 10^5, l0^3 and 10^2 ng/ml thymopentin. In conclusion, thymopentin directly increased herpes simplex virus infection in cultured fibroblast monolayers at 10^3 ng/ml (p<0.05).

아니사키스 몸체항원의 IgE 매개반응과 교차항원성에 관한 연구

최성진 ( Sung Jin Choi ),허규영 ( Gyu Young Hur ),엄수정 ( Soo Jung Um ),최길순 ( Gil Soon Choi ),박한정 ( Han Jung Park ),예영민 ( Young Min Ye ),박해심 ( Hae Sim Park ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2008 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.28 No.4

Background: Anisakis simplex (A. simplex) is a fish parasite which may be responsible for urticaria and anaphylaxis in case of human infections. Objective: We performed this study to identify IgE binding components and evaluate cross-allergenicity with Toxocara, a common cause of parasite allergy and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D.pt). Method: Nine Anisakis allergic patients and 23 non-atopic healthy controls were enrolled. Serum specific IgE and IgG4 antibodies to A. simplex extracts were measured by ELISA. Allergenic relationships with Toxocara were evaluated by immunoCAP, IgE and IgG4 ELISA inhibition tests. IgE binding components were identified by IgE immunoblot analysis and basophil histamine release induced by A. simplex was performed in a representative case. Result: Four of 9 A. simplex allergy patients showed high serum specific IgG4 as well as IgE antibody. No cross-reactivity between A. simplex and D.pt, or Toxocara were observed. Several IgE binding components ranged from 8 to 80 kDa were identified. A significant histamine release by A. simplex extracts was noted from basophils from the representative case. Conclusion: We confirmed that A. simplex could induce IgE mediated response which leads to urticaria and anaphylaxis in patients sensitized to A. simplex. No cross-allergenicity was observed between A. simplex and Toxocara. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;28:277-283)

고래회충유충증 감별 진단을 위한 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) PCR-RFLP 법 적용

김선미(Sun Mee Kim),조민경(Min Kyung Cho),유학선(Hak Sun Yu),차희재(Hee-Jae Cha),옥미선(Mee Sun Ock) 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.9

고래회충유충증은 해산어류에 기생하는 고래회충과(family Anisakidae)에 속하는 선충류 유충에 의한 질병으로 유충의 직접적인 위장관내 침입으로 인한 병변과 더불어 유충의 분비 배설물에 의한 알레르기 질환도 유발될 수 있다. 고래회충유충증은 A. simplex를 비롯하여 Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova, Hysterothylacium 등의 유충에 의해 야기될 수 있으나 이들에 대한 형태학적 감별 진단은 유충의 형태적 유사성으로 인하여 매우 어려운 경우가 많다. 이러한 형태학적 진단의 어려움을 극복하고 분자생물학적 감별진단 방법을 확립하기 위하여 A. simplex, Contracaecum type A. type C' 및 Goezia 유충을 숭어, 도다리, 고등어, 아나고, 참돔 등 5종의 어류에서 분리하였다. 각각의 유충으로부터 분리한 18S rDNA를 PCR로 증폭한 후 Taq 1, Hinf I, Hha I, Alu 1, Dde I, Hae III, Sau 96I, Sau 3AI 등 8종의 제한효소를 사용하여 PCR-RFLP를 시행하였다. PCR product의 크기는 약 2.0 Kb였으며 Hinf 1, Alu 1, Hha I, Dde 1 및 Hae III 로 A. simplex 와 Contracaecum type C'을 구분할 수 있었다. 그러나 Contracaecum type A의 경우에는 Taq I, Hinf I, Alu I 및 Dde I의 경우에는 2가지 패턴으로 나타났으며 이들 가운데 일부는 A. simplex, Contracaecum type C', 및 Goezia 와 동일한 분석 패턴을 보이기도 하였다. Goezia 는 사용한 8개의 제한 효소 모두에서 A. simplex 및 Contracaecum type A 및 type C'과 각기 다른 양상을 보였다. 이러한 결과로 18S rDNA PCR-RFLP 방법은 A. simplex와 Contracaecum type C'의 감별 진단에 유용한 것으로 밝혀졌으며, Contracaecum type A의 분류에는 제한적으로 사용되어야 함은 물론 형태학적 분류 기준에 대한 재검토가 뒤따라야 할 것으로 사료되었다. Anisakidosis is caused by anisakid nematodes (family Anisakidae) larvae which can cause not only direct tissue damage but also a severe allergic response related to excretory-secretion products. Lots of different species of anisakid larvae, including Anisakis simplex, Contracaecum, Goezia, Pseudoterranova, and Hysterothylacium, cause the anisakidosis. But it is difficult to diagnosis the species of larvae since the morphologies of larval anisakid nematodes are almost indistinguishable. In order to diagnosis the differential infections of larval anisakid nematodes, polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of 18S rDNA - was conducted. Three major species of anisakid larvae including A. simplex, C.ontracaecum spp, and Goezia spp. were collected from mackerel (Scomber japonicus), mullet (Mugil cephalus), founder (Paralichthys olivaceus), eel (Astroconger myriaster) and red sea bream (Pagrus major). PCR amplified 18S rDNA from each species of anisakid larvae was digested with eight restriction enzymes including Taq I, Hinf I, Hha I, Alu I, Dde I, Hae Ⅲ, Sau96 I, and Sau3A I. The original sizes of PCR amplified 18S rDNA were 2.0Kb in both anisakid larvaes and Goezia. Restrction enzymes including Hinf 1, Alu 1, Hha I, Dde 1 and Hae Ⅲ cut differently and distinguished the A. simplex and Contracaecum type C'. However, Contracaecum type A showed two different restriction enzyme cutting patterns by Taq 1, Hinf I, Alu 1, and Dde 1. One of the patterns was the same as those of A. simplex, Contracaecum type C' and Goezia and the other was unique. These results suggest that PCR-RFLP pattern by Hinf 1, Alu 1, Hae I, Dde 1 and Hae Ⅲ can be applied to differential diagnosis of human infection with A. simplex and Contracaecum type C'. Contracaecum type A needs further study of classification by morphological characteristics and genetic analysis.

자연산 조피볼락, Sebastes schlegeli의 소화관에 기생하는 Hysterothylacium sp.와 Anisakis simplex (Nematoda: Anisakidae)의 형태학적 비교 및 숙주의 조직병리학적 반응

박정준,박명애,최혜승,김석렬,Park, Jung-Jun,Park, Myoung-Ae,Choi, Hye-Sung,Kim, Seok-Ryel 한국현미경학회 2011 Applied microscopy Vol.41 No.3

조피볼락, Sebastes schlegeli 소화관 주변에는 다수의 아니사키 스가 기생하고 있었으며, 몇몇 개체들은 간의 표면에 존재하고 있었다. 유전학적 결과 조피볼락에 기생한 아니사키스는 3종으로 분석되었으며, Hysterothylacium sp.가 가장 많이 분포하고 있었다. Hysterothylacium sp.는 Anisakis simplex보다 짧고 가늘었다. 두 종 모두 전방부분에는 lip, 입, 신경환, 분비공, 분비관이 관찰되었다. 두 종 모두 중간부분에는 식도, 위, 장이 존재하고 있었 지만, intestinal ceacum과 ventricular appendage는 Hysterothylacium sp.에서만 관찰되었다. Hysterothylacium sp.의 후방부분 끝에는 conical nodulose apex이 관찰되었지만, A. simplex의 후방부분 끝에는 spine이 관찰되었다. SEM으로 관찰한 결과 Hysterothylacium sp.의 입 주위에는 3개의 lip이 존재하고 있었는데, dorsal lip은 넓이 65 ${\mu}m$ 내외였고, 한쌍의 lateroventral lip은 넓이 60 ${\mu}m$ 내 외였다. Lip의 표면에는 넓이 8 ${\mu}m$ 내외의 유두돌기 한쌍이 존재하고 있었다. Hysterothylacium sp.와 A. simplex의 충체 넓이는 각각 480 ${\mu}m$와 900 ${\mu}m$ 내외로 측정되었다. Hysterothylacium sp. 의 lateral alae는 높이 7 ${\mu}m$ 내외였으며, cornical nodulose apex에 존재하는 돌기는 지름 약 3.3 ${\mu}m$였다. A. simplex의 후방부분 끝 에는 높이 약 20 ${\mu}m$의 spine이 관찰되었다. 조피볼락 장의 내강 에 존재하는 아니사키스들은 대부분 Hysterothylacium sp.였고, 점막주름 근처 혹은 점막하층에 기생하고 있었다. 아니사키스의 기생으로 인하여 숙주의 점막상피에는 다수의 점액세포가 증가하였다. Numerous anisakids were parasitic near the digestive tract of the black rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli and some anisakids observed on the liver of the host. Anisakids in the host were identified three species (Hysterothylacium sp., Anisakis simplex, A. pegreffii) and Hysterothylacium sp. was the high occurrence of anisakid worms in the host. Hysterothylacium sp. was shorter and thinner than A. simplex. Both of anisakids observed lip, mouth, nerve ring, excretory pore and excretory duct in the anterior portion. In the mid portion, anisakids had esophagus, ventriculus and intestine and especially, Hysterothylacium sp. had intestinal ceacum and ventricular appendage. There was conical nodulose apex at the end of the posterior portion in Hysterothylacium sp. and spine in A. simplex. SEM examination revealed that there was three lip near the mouth of Hysterothylacium sp. Dorsal lip was approximately 65 ${\mu}m$ and paried lateroventral lip were approximately 60 ${\mu}m$ in the width. All lips were found double papilla (approximately 8 ${\mu}m$ in the width). The body width of the Hysterothylacium sp. and A. simplex was approximately 480 ${\mu}m$ and 900 ${\mu}m$ respectively. The hight of the lateral alae was about 7 ${\mu}m$ and width of papilla on the cornical nodulose apex was about 3.3 ${\mu}m$ in Hysterothylacium sp. The hight of spine was approximately 20 ${\mu}m$ in A. simplex. There was mainly Hysterothylacium sp. in the intestinal lumen of the host. The nematod worms were parasitic near the mucosal fold and in the submucosal. In the mucosal epidermal layer, it was increased mucous cells by the infection of the parasites.

악성 한선 극세포종 증례보고

박병찬,이준호,김태곤,김용하,배영경,Park, Byung-Chan,Lee, Jun-Ho,Kim, Tae-Gon,Kim, Yong-Ha,Bae, Young-Gyung 대한성형외과학회 2010 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: Hidroacanthoma simplex (HAS) is a rare benign neoplasm of the skin and known as intraepidermal poroma. Malignant transformation of HAS has been reported in the literature, but it is very rare. We experienced a case of malignant hidroacanthoma simplex (MHA) and performed the surgery of the neoplasm. Methods: A 73-year-old patient visited our department for evaluation and treatment of the skin lesion ($3.2{\times}3.0\;cm^2$) that occurred two years before on the right ankle area. The lesion was characterized by dark-brown, hyperkeratotic and protruding patch. The patient had no symptom, and any palpable lymph node was not found on physical examination. The result of laboratory was also nonspecific. The lesion was excised completely with a resection margin of 5 mm including subcutaneous tissue partially, followed by full-thickness skin graft for reconstruction. Results: The result of biopsy was reported as malignant hidroacanthoma simplex. Histologically, the epidermis showed discrete aggregates of tumor cells which had round, hyperchromatic nuclei and pale or clear abundant cytoplasm. Cystic spaces were found within the tumor and mitosis were seen, frequently. No recurrence was found one month after surgery. Conclusion: The case of malignant hidroacanthoma simplex was treated with full-thickness skin graft following wide excision of the tumor.

제주도에서 채집한 해양 해면, Asteropus simplex의 공생세균에 관한 계통학적 분석

정인혜,박진숙,Jeong, In-Hye,Park, Jin-Sook 한국미생물학회 2012 미생물학회지 Vol.48 No.4

해양 해면 Asteropus simplex를 제주도에서 채집하여 배양에 의한 RFLP와 비배양에 의한 DGGE 분석 방법에 의해 세균군집 구조를 조사하였다. 16S rDNA-RFLP 분석을 위해 변형된 Zobell 배지와 MA를 이용하여 120균주를 선별하고 제한효소, HaeIII와 MspI을 사용하여 각각의 다른 RFLP 패턴으로 구분하였다. RFLP 패턴으로부터 유래한 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석결과, 알려진 세균 종과 94% 이상의 유사도를 나타내었으며 Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, 5개의 문이 관찰되었다. 그 중 Gammaproteobacteria가 우점하였다. 같은 해면, A. simplex의 DGGE 분석을 위해 total genomic DNA로부터 16S rDNA를 증폭하여 DGGE fingerprinting을 수행한 결과 12개의 서로 다른 밴드가 관찰되었다. 각 밴드의 16S rDNA 염기서열은 알려진 세균의 염기서열과 90% 이상의 유사성을 나타내었으며 대부분의 염기서열은 uncultured bacteria에 속하였다. DGGE 분석으로부터 미생물의 군집은 Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospira, 7개의 문으로 나타났다. RFLP와 DGGE 방법에 의해 Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria가 공통적으로 발견되었으나 전체적인 공생세균의 군집구조는 분석방법에 따른 차이를 나타내었다. 배양에 의한 방법보다 비배양 방법에서 더 다양한 세균군집구조를 나타내었다. Culture-dependent RFLP and culture-independent DGGE were employed to investigate the bacterial community associated with the marine sponge Asteropus simplex collected from Jeju Island. A total of 120 bacterial strains associated with the sponge were cultivated using modified Zobell and MA media. PCR amplicons of the 16S rDNA from the bacterial strains were digested with the restriction enzymes HaeIII and MspI, and then assigned into different groups according to their restriction patterns. The 16S rDNA sequences derived from RFLP patterns showed more than 94% similarities compared with known bacterial species, and the isolates belonged to five phyla, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, of which Gammaproteobacteria was dominant. DGGE fingerprinting of 16S rDNAs amplified from the sponge-derived total gDNA showed 12 DGGE bands, and their sequences showed more than 90% similarities compared with available sequences. The sequences derived from DGGE bands revealed high similarity with the uncultured bacterial clones. DGGE revealed that bacterial community consisted of seven phyla, including Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Actinobacteira, Chloroflexi, and Nitrospira. Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were commonly found in bacteria associated with A. simplex by both RFLP and DGGE methods, however, overall bacterial community in the sponge differed depending on the analysis methods. Sponge showed more various bacterial community structures in culture-independent method than in culture-dependent method.

황산아연 용액을 이용한 단순포진의 국소요법에 관한 연구

박성민(Seong Min Park),문두찬(Doo Chan Moon),권경술(Kyung Sool Kwon),정태안(Tae Ahn Chung) 대한피부과학회 1988 대한피부과학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Zinc sulfate, which was used as zinc sulfate ophthalmic solution in herpetic keratitis, has been found to have the therapeutic effects in cutaneous and mucosal herpes simplex. We studied ta evaluate the therapeutic effect of zinc sulfate in patients with herpes simplex. Nine patients with primary herpes simplex and twenty five patient with recurrent herpes simplex were included in this study. Twenty five patients(six with primary type and nineteen with recurrent type were treated with topical applicatiion of 0.3% zinc sulfate solutiion seven to eight times a day and nine patients(three with primary type and six with recurrent type)were applied with placebo vehicle in the same way. Maintenance treatment was then given tc all these patients, first once a week for one month, and then twice a month indefinitely. The effect was assessed by the comparison of the duration of disappearance of symptoms, drying of vesicles and crust formation, and desiccation and sloughing-off of cursts, and recurrence rate between zine sulfat,e group and placebo group. The resuilts were summarized as follows : 1. In the average time of the disappearance of symptoms, drying of vesicles and crust formation, a,nd desiccation and sloughing-off of crusts, the resu1t observecl in zinc, sulfate group was shorter than that of placebo group, respectively ( p < 0.01). 2. In recurrence rate, 11.1% observed in zinc sulfate group was much lower than 80.0%i in placebo group(p . 0.01). These findings suggest that topical zinc sulfate is an effective agent for treatment and prevention of recurrence af herpes simplex infection.

The Efficacy of Thymopentin Therapy for Prophylactic Use in Recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

Lee, Dong Won,Kim, Tae Yoon,Kim, Hyung Ok,Kim, Chung Won Korean Dermatological Association 1994 Annals of Dermatology Vol.6 No.2

Hepatoprotective constituents of <i>Firmiana simplex</i> stem bark against ethanol insult to primary rat hepatocytes

Kim, Jung Wha,Yang, Heejung,Cho, Namki,Kim, Bitnarae,Kim, Young Choong,Sung, Sang Hyun Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2015 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.11 No.41

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Ethanol causes hepatic cellular damage by alterations in biological functions. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective potential of the methanolic extract originating from <I>Firmiana simplex</I> (Sterculiaceae) stem bark against the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rat primary hepatocytes.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>The extract of <I>F. simplex</I> stem bark was successively fractionated into <I>n</I>-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and <I>n</I>-butanol. Column chromatography with silica gel and sephadex LH-20 was used to isolate the EtOAc fraction. Rat primary hepatocytes were cultured to study the hepatoprotective activity of isolated substances against ethanol-induced toxicity. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the antioxidant activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P<SUB>X</SUB>) enzymes, and the GSH content were measured to examine the antioxidative property of the isolated compounds.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Two flavonoid glycosides, quercitrin (1) and tamarixetin 3-O-rhamnopyranoside (2), were isolated from the active EtOAc fraction. Compound 1 significantly protected rat primary hepatocytes against ethanol-induced oxidative stress by reducing the intracellular ROS level and preserving antioxidative defense systems such as GR, GSH-P<SUB>X</SUB>, and total GSH.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>This is the first report on the hepatoprotective activities of the extract of <I>F. simplex</I>. The EtOAc fraction of <I>F. simplex</I> stem bark and its major constituent quercitrin (1) could function as hepatoprotective agents to attenuate the development of alcoholic liver disease.</P>

Parameters Tuning via Simplex-Search based Model-Free Optimization for the Steam Generator Level Control

Guan Jiansheng,Kong Xiansong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.4

Control performance is critical to a control system. To improve the performance of the steam generator level control system, the control system parameters need to be optimized. Traditional parameters tuning methods, such as trial and error and Design of Experiments etc., are usually experience-based, cumbersome and time-consuming. To address the above inefficiencies, in this paper, the simplex-search based Model-Free Optimization (MFO) has been proposed to search for the optimal control system parameters. The optimized parameters will be gained to maximize the system’s control performance. Rather than traditional controller parameter tuning method, this method optimizes the control system by directly using measurements of control performance. An example of the PID parameters tuning for the steam generator level control was illustrated. The efficiency and the effectiveness of the Simplex-search based Model-Free Optimization – based control parameters tuning methodology has been verified through simulation experiments.