Link budget을 이용한 HSDPA 시스템의 sector throughput 분식

이요섭,김상범,홍대형,장병렬,문순주,Yi Yo-Serb,Kim Sang-Bum,Hong Dae-Hyung,Jang Byung-Lyerl,Moon Soon-Joo 한국통신학회 2006 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.31 No.5a

본 논문에서는 High Speed Data Packet Access(HSDPA) 시스템의 평균 sector throughput 분석 방법을 개발하였다. 제안하는 성능 분석 방법은 Adaptive Modulation and Coding(AMC)와 scheduling 기법, multi-code 전송의 영향을 반영할 수 있으며, link budget을 응용한 간단한 계산 과정들을 통해, HSDPA의 성능을 분석할 수 있다. 일반적으로, link budget은 셀 coverage를 산출하는 목적으로 사용되었으나, 본 논문에서는 AMC가 적용되는 CDMA 시스템 환경에서 특정 위치에 있는 사용자의 C/I를 계산할 수 있도록 변형하였다. 또한, 개발된 분석 방법을 활용하여, scheduling 기법과 multi-code 전송이 HSDPA 시스템 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. In this paper, we develop a method that derive the average sector throughput of HSDPA system. This proposed method reflects the effects of AMC, scheduling and multi-code transmission, and is performed by simple calculation procedures such as link budget analysis. Link budget table is used to estimate a cell coverage in general. We modify the link budget table in order to calculate C/I of the user according to the location of the user in CDMA packet system employing AMC. Furthermore, we utilize the proposed method to analyze the effects of scheduling and multi-code transmission.

한국과 미국의 성과주의 예산의 제도화 비교분석

금재덕 ( Keum Jae Duk ),임소영 ( Im So Young ) 한국행정연구원 2016 韓國行政硏究 Vol.25 No.3

이 논문은 제도화과정, 성과와 예산의 연계를 위한 예산구조 변화과정, 국회와 행정부의 협력 과정을 분석기준으로 활용하여 우리나라와 미국의 성과주의 예산제도의 도입과정에 대해 비교· 분석하였다. 분석결과, 우리나라와 미국은 동일한 구성요소를 포함하여 성과와 예산을 연계시키기 위해 많은 노력을 해 왔음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 제도의 도입 후 상당한 기간이 지난 지금 여러가지 면에서 다른 모습을 띄고 있음을 발견하였다. 먼저, 미국은 성과목표관리체계와 프로그램 예산체계에 더하여 부시행정부에서 PART를 구성 요소로 포함시켰다가 오바마 행정부에서 다시 삭제한 반면, 우리나라는 세 가지 요소를 지금까지 유지하고 있다. 또한 미국은 예산서 상의 사업 활동을 전략 및 성과목표별로 분리·병합·통합을 가능하게 하는 등 성과와 예산의 연계를 위해 예산구조를 변경시킬 수 있도록 하였으며, 결국 부시 행정부에서 성과계획서와 예산서를 하나로 통합하였다. 그러나, 우리나라는 성과계획과 예산서의 연계를 위해 지속적으로 노력하였으나, 예산구조의 변경을 엄격히 제한하였기 때문에 성과계획서와 예산서를 통합하는 일은 일어나지 않았다. 우리나라는 주로 재정사업자율평가제도를 변경하여 성과와 예산의 연계를 강화하고자 노력하였다. 마지막으로 의회와의 협력과 관련하여, 미국은 법에 행정부와 의회간 자문을 명시적으로 요구하고 있으나, 우리나라는 그러한 규정은 없다. 이와 같은 분석결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 정책적 함의를 도출하였다, 성과계획서와 예산서의 형식적이고 기계적인 통합을 위해 노력하기보다 성과와 예산의 실질적 연계를 위해 재정사업자율 평가와 심층평가 뿐만아니라 여러 다양한 평가체계(예컨대 보조금사업 평가와 기금평가 등)를 성과중심의 예산제도에 포함시킬 필요가 있다. 또한 국회로부터의 지지를 잃지 않도록 노력해야 할 필요가 있다. 미국의 부시행정부에서 민주당 사업의 예산을 삭감하기 위해 PART제도를 이용했다가 의회로부터 지지를 잃어버렸음을 타산지석으로 삼아야 할 것이다. This paper conducted comparative analysis of the adoption process of performance based budgeting(PBB) between South Korea and the U.S. To do this, this study employs the processes of the institutionalization, the change of budgetary structure for linking performance and budget, and cooperation between the legislature and the executive, as analytical criteria. Results found that there were different experiences between the two. First, the components of PBB including strategic and annual plan, program budget, K-PART has not been changed in South Korea. However, PART was included in Bush administration and eliminated in Obama administration. Second, the U.S. federal government integrated annual performance plan and program budget but South Korea did not do. Third, GPRA has required the cooperation between the legislature and the executive. But there is no such a law in South Korea. This study suggested some policy recommendations: it should be noted that technical and formal integration of performance plan and budgetary structure is not critical in terms of linking performance to budget; more performance review or evaluations should be included into the system of PBB; Centrral Budget office tries to seek the support from the legislature in order to link performance and budget.

다중 무인기 통신에서 Link-Budget based SIR을 이용한 무선전력제어

이현철 한국항공우주학회 2011 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

CDMA 를 사용하는 다중 UAV 통신에서, inner loop power control 에 사용하는 재래식 SIR 계산 방식 대신에 link-budget 을 기초로한 SIR 계산방식을 적용하는 방안을 소개한다. 제안한 SIR 계산방식을 3 개의 inner loop power control 알고리듬에 적용하여 이들의 성능을 비교한다. 3 가지 알고리듬 중 AS-CLPC 알고리듬의 성능이 가장 좋게 나타났다. A link-budget based SIR estimate is introduced to replace the conventional SIR estimate for inner loop power control of CDMA systems of multiple UAV communications. Power control with proposed SIR estimate is applied to three inner loop power control algorithms, and their performances are compared. it is shown that AS-CLPC has the best performance among the three algorithms.

일본 지방의회에 있어서 예·결산심사권의 의의 및 기능

박용숙(Yong Sook PARK) 한국재정법학회 2023 재정법연구 Vol.9 No.-

의회의 결산심사는 주민에 대한 형평성, 경제성을 바탕으로 예산이 집행되었는가를 엄정하게 심사해야 한다. 그렇지만, 전국의 지방의회의 의결결과를 바탕으로 판단해 보면, 예산심사가 거의 원안 가결되는 것과 마찬가지로, 의회의 심사기능이 제대로 이뤄지고 있다고 보기 어렵다. 이로 인해 이른바 의회무용론을 외치는 지방자치단체도 있어 의원들을 향한 주민들의 지적이 더욱 거세지고 있다. 이에 본고에서는 일본의 지방의회의 예결산 심사권에 대해 살펴봄으로써 우리나라의 지방입법권 강화를 위한 예결산 심사권의 방향성을 찾아보고자 하였다. 구체적으로는 일본의 지방자치단체의 예산절차 및 결산 이전의 감사위원의 감사, 지방의회의 결산심사권강화 노력 등을 바탕으로 일반 지방의회의 예결산 심사의 특수성을 고찰하여 예산 연동형 결산심사, 행정평가를 활용한 결산심사, 조례에 근거한 예산 및 결산심사위원회의 ‘상임위원회’로의 전환가능성 등의 우리나라에의 시사점을 도출하였다. The council’s review of financial statements must strictly review whether the budget has been executed based on fairness to residents and economic feasibility. However, judging based on the resolution results of local councils across the country, it is difficult to say that the council’s review function is being carried out properly, as the budget review almost always passes the original bill. As a result, some local governments are calling out the so-called futility of parliament, and residents’ criticism of lawmakers is becoming more intense. Accordingly, this paper attempted to find the direction of the right to review budget and accounts to strengthen local legislative power in Korea by examining the right to review budget and accounts of local councils in Japan. Specifically, based on the budget procedures of local governments in Japan, audits by audit committee members prior to settlement, and efforts to strengthen local councils’ settlement review rights, the special characteristics of general local councils’ budget and settlement reviews are examined, and budget-linked settlement reviews and administrative evaluations are conducted. Implications for Korea were derived, such as the possibility of converting the budget and settlement review committee into a ‘standing committee’ based on ordinances and settlement review using.

Proposal of an Algorithm for an Efficient Forward Link Adaptive Coding and Modulation System for Satellite Communication

Sung-Yong Hong,Hyun-Ho Kim,Deock-Gil Oh,Joon-Gyu Ryu 한국전자파학회JEES 2016 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.16 No.2

This paper proposes the algorithm for forward link adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) and the detailed design for a satellite communication system to improve network reliability and system throughput. In the ACM scheme, the coding and modulation schemes are changed by as much as the channel can provide depending on the quality of the communication link. To implement the forward link ACM system in the Ka-band, channel prediction and modulation/coding decision methods are proposed and simulated. The parameters of the adaptive filter predictor based on the least mean square are optimized, the minimum mean square error of the channel predictor is 0.0608 when step size and the number of filter tap are 0.0001 and 4, respectively. A test-bed is set up to verify the forward link ACM system, and a test is performed using a Ka-band satellite (i.e., Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite [COMS]). This test verifies that the ACM scheme can increase the system throughput.

전력제어의 연속 TPC 비율을 사용한 목표물 속도추정

이현철 한국항공우주학회 2012 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

CDMA 를 사용하는 무인기 편대비행에서, Inner Loop Power Control 에 사용하는 재래식 SIR 계산 방식대신에 link-budget 을 기초로한 SIR 계산방식을 속도추정에 적용하는 방법을 소개한다. 제안한 SIR 계산방식을 3 개의 Inner Loop Power Control 알고리듬에 적용하고 연속 TPC 비율을 계산하여 이것이 목표물의 속도와 선형관계임을 보인다. CS-CLPC 와 FSPC 알고리듬 사용시 연속 TPC 비율을 측정하면 목표물의 속도를 추정할 수 있음을 알 수 있다. The power control with Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems for communications in the formation flight of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is applied to speed estimation with a link-budget based Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR). The proposed SIR is applied to three inner loop power control algorithms and the fact that the consecutive TPC ratio has linear relationship with target speed is shown. It is concluded that target speed estimation can be realized by measurement of consecutive TPC ratio when CTR Step-size Closed Loop Power Control (CS-CLPC) and Fixed Stepsize Closed Loop Power Control (FSPC) algorithms are used.

큐브위성 STEP Cube Lab.의 지상국 시스템 개발

전영현,채봉건,정현모,전성용,오현웅,Jeon, Younghyeon,Chae, Bonggeon,Jeong, Hyeonmo,Jeon, Seongyong,Oh, Hyunung 항공우주시스템공학회 2015 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.9 No.4

The CubeSats is classified as a pico-class satellite which requires a ground station to track the satellite, transmit commands, and receive an on-orbit data such as SOH (State-of-Health) and mission data according to the operation plan. In order to this, the ground station system has to be properly designed to perform a communication to with the satellite with enough up- and down-link budgets. In this study, a conceptual design of the ground station has been performed for the CubeSat named as STEP Cube Lab. (Cube Laboratory for Space Technology Experimental Project). The paper includes a ground station hardware interface design, a link budget analysis and a ground station software realization. In addition, the operation plan of the ground station has been established considering the STEP Cube Lab. mission requirements.

큐브위성 STEP Cube Lab.의 지상국 시스템 설계

전영현,채봉건,정현모,전성용,오현웅,Jeon, Younghyeon,Chae, Bonggeon,Jeong, Hyeonmo,Jeon, Seongyong,Oh, Hyunung 항공우주시스템공학회 2012 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.6 No.4

CubeSats classified as pico-class satellite require a ground station to track the satellite, transmit a command, and receive an on-orbit data such as SOH (State-of-Health) and mission data according to the operation plan. For this, ground station system has to be properly designed to perform a communication to with the satellite with enough up- and down-link budgets. In this study, a conceptual design of the ground station has been performed for the CubeSat named as STEP Cube Lab. (Cube Laboratory for Space Technology Experimental Project). The paper includes a ground station hardware interface design, link budget analysis and a ground station software realization. In addition, the operation plan of the ground station has been established considering the STEP Cube Lab. mission requirements.

Mobile Target Speed Estimation in Urban Environments with Adaptive Power Control

Hyeon-Cheol Lee,Jong Tae Lee,Sang Burm Ryu,Eun Su Kang 한국위성정보통신학회 2016 한국위성정보통신학회논문지 Vol.11 No.1

The adaptive power control of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems for communications between User Equipments (UEs) with a link-budget based Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) estimate which has distance information is applied to three inner loop power control algorithms. The speed estimation performances of these algorithms with their consecutive Transmit-Power-Control (TPC) ratios are compared to each other, and it is concluded that the speed can be estimated using the TPC ratio information of Consecutive TPC Ratio Step-size Closed Loop Power Control (CS-CLPC) and Fixed Step-size Power Control (FSPC).

ESPAR Antenna for Long Distance WSN Systems with Minimum Interference

Md. Moklesur Rahman,유흥균 한국통신학회 2022 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.47 No.9

Recently, radio frequency identification (RFID) with ultra-high frequency (UHF) band applications became an essential part in the Internet of Things (IoT) system. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an integral part of the IoT. Nowadays, it is very important to design the WSN system model in longer distance with minimum interference and optimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for better communications link. In this paper, we have proposed the architecture of WSN system by designing electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna for minimum interference. Also, the link budget (LB) for distance depending on different SNR values between the RFID tag and reader are analyzed using MATLAB simulation tools. The ESPAR antenna shows very good performance based on gain, radiation pattern, and reflection coefficient. The maximum value of gain of the proposed ESPAR antenna is obtained as 7.55 dBi which will successfully handle the interference at any directions to be communicated over long distance as compared to the previously published once papers in WSN system. The link budget analysis spectacled that the proposed article in the indoor environment could easily be applied for 20 meter.