해운대 지역의 기후변화에 의한 해일고 변동에 따른 침수피해 평가

맹다혜 ( Da Hye Maeng ),장동호 ( Dong Ho Jang ) 한국지형학회 2011 한국지형학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The fluctuation of inundation height due to climate change and sea level rise is expected to cause the socio-economical damage in the coastal zone. To evaluate the inundation damage in Haeundae Beach Area, the inundation height was calculated using the observed data and the range of inundated area and buildings was estimated by applying to DEM data, which was constructed with airborne LiDAR data. The range of inundated area and buildings were estimated with 5 scenario of sea level rise in the condition of minimum and maximum inundation height. When the 181cm, the area of 7.19ha and 5 buildings were expected to be inundated. As 20cm in sea level rises at the minimum of the inundation height, the area of 8.90ha and 8buildings were expected to be inundated. As 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm in sea level rise, 9.98ha and 9 buildings, 11.11ha and 11buildings, 12.41ha and 11buildings, 14.18ha and 14buildings were expected to be inundated, respectively. When the 526 cm, the area of 32.35ha and 42buildings were expected to be inundated. As 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm in sea level rise at the maximum of the inundation height, 38.94ha and 47buildings, 42.46ha and 52buildings, 45.76ha and 58buildings, 49.51ha and 66buildings, 52.53ha and 72buildings were expected to be inundated, respectively. The leisure and industry facilities, socio-economical installation, habitation are located near by the estimated inundation area, then the inundation damage is expected to be greater scale.

비정규 유한체적 수치모형 FVCOM을 이용한폭풍해일 및 침수범람 모의

윤종주,심재설 한국방재학회 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.5

The low-lying coastal area of Korea has often been damaged by storm surge and corresponding inundation as the approach of strong typhoons repeated every year. In this study, a systematic investigation of storm surge impact to the coasts of Korea peninsula has been conducted using the unstructured grid model, FVCOM. The model was applied to simulate the storm surge and corresponding inundation. Observations of surge and inland flooding data were used to validate the model with satisfactory results. The results of inundation simulations in this study showed correspondence with not only observed inundation area but also inundation depth to prove its ability as an inundation prediction model. And virtual inundation scenarios with enhanced tidal conditions were simulated to evaluate the possible maximum storm surge and inundation height. The simulation results for these scenarios are approximately 84~134 cm sea levels rising cases compared to typhoon MAEMI(2003)'s observation of surge and inland flooding. The possible inundation height was shown up to 4m in Masan and 1~2 m in Busan, Yeosu. The product of this study could be applied to coastal inundation prediction system and hazard mapping. 우리나라는 매년 반복되는 태풍의 내습에 따른 폭풍해일로 인한 연안역에서의 침수범람피해 등의 자연재해 발생 가능성이 매우 높다. 본 논문에서는 폭풍해일고 및 이에 따른 해일침수범람의 발생을 육역까지 확장된 정밀격자망의 구성을 통해 수치 실험하였다. 해일 및 침수범람에 대한 수치실험에는 3차원 가변격자 유한체적모형 FVCOM이 적용되었으며, 부산, 마산, 여수 등의 실제 관측 자료와 비교하여 그 정밀도를 검증하였다. 수치실험 결과는 관측된 해일고, 침수범위 및 침수심을 정확히 재현하여 해일범람 모형으로서의 그 적용성을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 조석 조건을 강화한 가상 시나리오에 의한 침수범람의 모의를통해 시범 영역에 대한 가상의 가능 침수범람분포를 살펴보았다. 이는 기존 태풍 MAEMI 내습시의 경우에 비해 약84~134 cm의 해면고 상승을 더해진 경우인데, 마산의 경우 최대 4 m, 부산 및 여수에서도 1~2 m 정도의 가능침수고가 모의되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 수립된 기반기술은 연안 침수범람의 예측시스템의 수립에의 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

상‧하류 연계 모의를 통한 기후변화에 따른 농경지 참수면적 변화분석

박성재,강문성,김지혜,김석현,이현지,김시내 한국농공학회 2024 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.66 No.1

Extreme rainfall will become intense due to climate change, increasing inundation risk to agricultural land. Hydrological and hydraulic simulations for the entire watershed were conducted to analyze the impact of climate change. Rainfall data was collected based on past weather observation and SSP (Shared Socio-economic Pathway)5-8.5 climate change scenarios. Simulation for flood volume, reservoir operation, river level, and inundation of agricultural land was conducted through K-HAS (KRC Hydraulics & Hydrology Analysis System) and HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center – River Analysis System). Various scenarios were selected, encompassing different periods of rainfall data, including the observed period (1973-2022), near-term future (2021-2050), mid-term future (2051-2080), and long-term future (2081-2100), in addition to probabilistic precipitation events with return periods of 20 years and 100 years. The inundation area of the Aho-Buin district was visualized through GIS (Geographic Information System) based on the results of the flooding analysis. The probabilistic precipitation of climate change scenarios was calculated higher than that of past observations, which affected the increase in reservoir inflow, river level, inundation time, and inundation area. The inundation area and inundation time were higher in the 100-year frequency. Inundation risk was high in the order of long-term future, near-term future, mid-term future, and observed period. It was also shown that the Aho and Buin districts were vulnerable to inundation. These results are expected to be used as fundamental data for assessing the risk of flooding for agricultural land and downstream watersheds under climate change, guiding drainage improvement projects, and making flood risk maps.

배수지연을 고려한 논 지구의 범용 침수 모의 기법 개발

전상민,이현지,황순호,송정헌,최순군,강문성 한국농공학회 2019 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.61 No.4

The objective of this study was to develop a general inundation modeling technique considering the effect of drainage delay in the paddy field districts. In most studies, farmland inundation simulations have been conducted using previously developed watershed models. However, the water cycle in thepaddy fields has a different structure from that of the general watershed, and the effect of the drainage delay should be considered. In this study, thedrainage delay algorithm was developed using water balance equation, and the inundation modeling was performed for inundation-prone paddy fieldslocated near Doowol stream. As a result, the depth of inundation was 43.1 cm and 45.2 cm, respectively, due to the 100-year and 200-year frequencyrainfall. With the operation of drainage pump (0.1 m3/s), inundation depths decreased by 5.8 cm and 6.0 cm, respectively, and inundation time reducedby 20 hours and 21 hours, respectively for the 100-year and 200-year frequency rainfall. The result showed that the general inundation modelingtechnique developed in this study could reflect the effect of drainage delay due to the rise of external water level and the flooding reduction effectby operation of drainage pump. The results of this study are expected to be useful to establish measures for damage caused by farmland inundation.

침수피해 정보를 이용한 농경지의 지형학적 침수취약지도 작성 -진주시를 사례로-

김수진 ( Soo Jin Kim ),서교 ( Kyo Suh ),김상민 ( Sang Min Kim ),이경도 ( Kyung Do Lee ),장민원 ( Min Won Jang ) 한국농촌계획학회 2013 농촌계획 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 진주시를 사례지역으로 농경지의 침수 취약도 평가를 위해 과거 침수피해 지점의 지형학적 속성을 추출하고 각 이벤트를 독립적으로 누적하여 최종적으로 0부터 1까지의 퍼지 멤버십으로 표현된 침수취약지수를 제시하였다. 1999년, 2006년, 그리고 2012년에 조사된 침수기록을 바탕으로 해당 구역에서의 해발고도, 경사, 그리고 하천으로부터 거리 등 세 가지 지형학적 인자를 대상으로 침수 취약지를 격자형 지도로 작성하고 매우 높은, 높은, 보통, 약간, 안전의 다섯 단계로 구분되는 침수 취약평가 기준을 설정하였다. 진주시의 사례에서 금산면, 사봉면, 정촌면 등이 상대적으로 침수피해에 취약하고 대평면과 명석면은 비교적 안전한 지형학적 조건을 갖는 것으로 분석되었으며, 높은 내지 매우 높은 취약단계의 조건은 해발고도 29 m, 경사 8.4°, 하천으로부터 거리 255 m 이내인 것으로 추정되었다. 홍수가 발생했을 때 과거 침수지역과 침수 가능성이 있는 지역에 대한 경고는 적극적인 대응 활동을 유도하여 피해를 예방하는 효과가 있다. 이에 재해피해의 사후 복구나 보상의 차원에서 주로 조사되었던 침수피해 기록을 실제 피해경감을 위한 의사결정 자료로 활용하기 위한 모델을 제시하고자 했던 본 연구는 침수피해 기록만 축적된다면 몇 가지 공간자료만으로도 유의한 침수취약 지도를 작성할 수 있고 침수취약도를 정량적으로 표현할 수 있다는 점에서 재해관리 현장에서 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 거라 사료된다. 다만 정확한 침수피해 자료의 누적이 필요한바 관련 제도의 개선과 기술적 뒷받침으로 현행 침수피해 조사 업무와 자료 관리를 지원할 수 있는 변화가 요구된다. 한편 최근 모바일 정보통신기술의 발전에 힘입어 농경지 침수정보 관리에서도 사용자 편의성과 시의성을 만족하는 조사 기법과 정보화 및 의사결정지원 체계의 구축이 추진되고 있으므로 가까운 미래에는 침수취약 평가 뿐만 아니라 다양한 재해피해 경감 활동을 유도하고 지원하는 환경의 조성으로 보다 신뢰성 있는 침수피해 자료를 확보할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The objective of this study was to make a map of farmland vulnerability to flood inundation based on morphologic characteristics from the flood-damaged areas. Vulnerability mapping based on the records of flood damages has been conducted in four successive steps; data preparation and preprocessing, identification of morphologic criteria, calculation of inundation vulnerability index using a fuzzy membership function, and evaluation of inundation vulnerability. At the first step, three primary digital data at 30-m resolution were produced as follows: digital elevation model, hill slopes map, and distance from water body map. Secondly zonal statistics were conducted from such three raster data to identify geomorphic features in common. Thirdly inundation vulnerability index was defined as the value of 0 to 1 by applying a fuzzy linear membership function to the accumulation of raster data reclassified as 1 for cells satisfying each geomorphic condition. Lastly inundation vulnerability was suggested to be divided into five stages by 0.25 interval i.e. extremely vulnerable, highly vulnerable, normally vulnerable, less vulnerable, and resilient. For a case study of the Jinju, farmlands of 138.6 ㎢, about 18% of the whole area of Jinju, were classified as vulnerable to inundation, and about 6.6 ㎢ of farmlands with elevation of below 19 m at sea water level, slope of below 3.5 degrees, and within 115 m distance from water body were exposed to extremely vulnerable to inundation. Comparatively Geumsan-myeon and Sabong-myeon were revealed as the most vulnerable to farmland inundation in the Jinju.

홍수범람지역의 침수변동해석

李曾錫,李文貞,鄭光玉 慶一大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to clarify the Hydraulic and Hydrologic characteristics of the loss of river facilities by the inundation extent of the low area and the flood, and topresent standards in order to set up the countermove, by executing analysis of hourly inundation depth variation on the low area according to the frequency-based rainfall to which Synthetic unit hydrograph is applied with object of the low areas around actual rivers. Therefore, the analysis of inundation depth using Synthetic unit hydrograph method of this study can be used for a method of a basic analysis technique to prevent the inundation of similar small and middle river areas and a methode of getting a simple and very accurate as well hereafter. and also if the method used here in this study is utilized, it can be a lot of help to minimize the flood damage by briefly providing the rough and prior information of the flood-expected area and the inundation-expected area among the wide area in case of an abnormal torrential rain.

HEC-HMS와 HEC-RAS를 이용한 지리산 국립공원 달궁 유역 침수 모의

이상호,김동엽,안수정,마호섭,임상준 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2008 농업생명과학연구 Vol.42 No.2

This study was conducted to simulate inundation and flooding of the Dalgung watershed in Jirisan National Park by using HEC-HMS model for estimating flood discharge and HEC-RAS model for simulating inundation. The simulation of inundation was conducted by estimating flood discharge with HEC-HMS and calculating water surface elevation and flow velocity that were calculated from HEC-RAS with field survey data and flood discharge data. The results showed that there are risks of inundation and flood damage in case of heavy rain with 70.0mm or more. And also, inundation map of the Dalgung watershed was made with the results of simulation and ArcView software. The results from this study will be used for making inundation hazard map of National Park and establishing a counterplan of inundation hazard. 본 연구는 지리산 국립공원 내 유역면적 25km2인 달궁 유역의 홍수범람 및 침수 모의를 위하여 수행하였다. 수문모형으로 HEC-HMS를 이용하여 강우-유출해석에 의한 홍수량을 추정하였으며, 달궁 유역 침수 모의를 위한 수리모형으로는 HEC-RAS를 선정하였다. HEC- HMS를 이용하여 홍수량을 추정하고, 하천 단면 현지측량 자료를 HEC-RAS에 입력하여 지형자료를 생성한 뒤, HEC-RAS를 통해 입력된 지형자료와 HEC-HMS가 계산한 홍수량 자료와 현지에서 계측된 수위 및 유량자료를 이용하여 수면곡선과 유속 등을 계산하여, 강우사상에 따라 침수 모의를 수행하였다. 침수 모의 결과, 국립공원관리공단에서 제시하고 있는 재해요인 기준과 같이 시간당 70.0∼80.0mm 이상의 집중호우 시에는 침수 및 범람의 우려가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 한편, 침수 모의 결과로 얻은 최고수위점 자료를 바탕으로 ArcView를 이용하여 침수지도를 작성하였다. 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 국립공원의 산지하천 유역에 대한 침수 모의 결과는 국립공원의 침수재해지도의 작성 및 침수재해에 대한 관리 대책 수립에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Development of Two-Dimensional Inundation Modelling Process using MIKE21 Model

안정규,나예지,박성원 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.9

Because river flooding and urban inundation due to extreme rainfall cause the severe damages on the infrastructure, it is necessary to develop an accurate prediction technique and to overcome the disasters. In this study, numerical simulation method was applied to predict urban inundation area with appropriate assumptions and hydrological data in the Lower Var valley region in France. The application site is located in the southeast of France and also geometrically complex with several hydraulic structures, such as weir and bridge piers from the mainstream of a river to the Mediterranean Sea. With complex geometrical consideration, numerical modelling of inundation was conducted separately with two steps. Firstly, the whole area of river reach with the urban area was simulated and analyzed. From the results, the smaller urbanized area was specified with consideration of the capacity of inundation. Two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, MIKE 21 FM (flow model) is applicable to simulations of river hydraulics and flood inundation including the urbanized properties. Upstream discharges for the boundary conditions were set up with based on the Gumbel distribution and SCHADEX method. From the numerical simulation, inundation area and river flow variation were analyzed and compared with respect to the upstream discharge scenarios. Furthermore, the effect of computational mesh resolution was analyzed with the urban model. Calculated flooded areas from the simulation results of the whole area model and urbanized models were compared and verified as a newly proposed and applied procedure of inundation analysis in the riverine area.

XP-SWMM 모형을 적용한 도시지역의 침수해석

이종형,연기석 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.08 No.05

The flood damage shows different types in natural river watershed and in urban drainage watershed. In recent, increasing of the impervious area gives rise to short concentration time and high peak discharge comparing with natural watershed and it is a cause of urban flood damage. In this paper, we use a XP-SWMM model developed based on EPA-SWMM version for analyzing the inundation area, inundation depth and inundation area considering building effect. The two events(2005.06, 2005.07) has been used for the validation of model. HEC-RAS model has been applied for simulation of changing water level, and the results has been used for calculating area of the inundation. The observed inundation area(21.41ha) in August, 1998 was in good agreement with the simulated value(23.45ha) of XP-SWMM model. An influence of inundation area considering building effects has been analized by the DTM of XP-SWMM model. 도시유역은 자연하천유역에 비해 다른 유형의 홍수피해를 보여주고 있다. 최근에 불투수면적의 증가로 홍수도달시간의 감소와 높은 첨두유량의 발생을 가져오면서 도시홍수피해의 원인이 되고있다. 본 연구에서는 XP-SWMM모형을 적용하여 침수심, 침수면적을 시간대별로 침수해석을 수행하였으며, 침수해석시 건물의 영향을 고려하였다. XP-SWMM모형의 보정 및 검증을 위해 두 개의 강우사상(2005.06, 2005.07)을 적용하였고, 하천 외수위의 변하는 HEC-RAS모형을 통해 산정하였다. 모의결과 실제 관측된 침수면적(21.41ha)에 비해 산정된 침수구역의 면적은 23.45%로서 9.5% 과다하게 모의되었다. 또한 XP-SWMM모형의 DTM(DigitalTerrain Model)을 구축하여 주요 시간대별 건물의 영향에 따른 침수범위를 분석하였다.

논문 : 도시의 자연배수능력 평가를 위한 유역 내 환경특성과 침수피해면적의 관계

정경진 ( Kyung Jin Chung ) 빗물학회 2007 빗물 Vol.1 No.1

We have investigated how environmental characteristics around watershed influenced on inundation damage by analyzing the relation between inundated areas and environmental factors composing the watershed. Moreover, the purpose of this study was to establish the basic information for natural drainage capacity assessment in urban area. We sorted midium watershed of Han river and Nak-dong river, and selected 30 rainfall events during 1995 to 2000 according to high level of damage. We compared the characteristics of environmental factors composing the watershed around inundated area. The inundated area showed high watershed slope about 25% and it indicated the greatest damage around the watershed located in 200~300m of altitude. Besides, the great damage by inundation was occurred in the mountainous agriculture region, where the forest scale was high and the urbanization was being progressed gradually. However, inundated area was small in case of grassland, water zone such as riparian area, bare ground and wetland. Moreover, the inundated area was different according to river shape and characteristics of river distribution such as the density of the stream order, conservation constant of the river system, and the number of undulations in the watershed. Therefore, it showed that land use, river shape and distribution characteristics of stream influence on inundation. Consequently, the inundated area represented different tendency according to watershed environment and rainfall condition, so the environmental characteristics composing the watershed seemed to influence on the scale of inundation damage. Therefore, the assessment of natural drainage capacity in urban area should be considered with environmental factors in watershed as well as artificial facilities for natural disaster prevention.