C 대학병원의 개인선량계 판독과 영향

이주아 한국방사선학회 2022 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.16 No.3

This study aims to improve the safety inspection awareness of occupational exposure and help radiation safety management by analyzing radiation exposure doses by occupational type of radiation related-workers and radiation workers. Radiation-related workers and radiation workers were classified into three occupations (radiological technologist, doctors, and nurses). A nominal risk coefficient based on ICRP 103 was used to calculate the probability of causing side effects of the lungs due to exposure doses. As a result of analyzing the exposure dose of all workers for one year, the exposure dose of radiological technologist among radiation-related workers was 1.63 ± 2.84 mSv, doctors 0.12 ± 0.22 mSv, and nurses 0.59 ± 1.08 mSv. The one-year deep dose for radiation workers was 2.44 ± 3.30 mSv for radiological technologists, 0.19 ± 0.26 mSv for doctors, and 0.12 ± 0.00 mSv for nurses. Due to this dose, the probability of causing side effects in the lungs was 1.2 per 100,000 radiological technologist, 0.096 doctors, and 0.06 nurses. In this study, it is believed that the probability of side effects on lungs by occupation of radiation exposure dose will be studied and used as useful data for radiation safety management in relation to probabilistic effects in the future. 본 연구 목적은 방사선관계종사자와 방사선작업종사자들의 직종별 방사선 피폭선량을 분석하여 폐 부작용 유발확률을 연구하는 데에 있다. 즉, 피폭관리 실태를 점검함으로써 방사선종사자들의 직업상 피폭에 대한 안전 점검 의식을 향상시키고 방사선안전관리에 도움을 주고자 한다. 방사선관계종사자와 방사선작업종사자 각각 3개의 직종별 (방사선사, 의사, 간호사)로 분류하였다. 피폭선량으로 인한 폐의 부작용 유발 확률을 산출하기 위하여 ICRP103에 근거한 명목위험계수(Nominal risk factor)를 활용하였다. 방사선관계종사자의 1년간 심부선량은 방사선사 1.63 ± 2.84 mSv, 의사는 0.12 ± 0.22 mSv, 간호사는 0.59 ± 1.08 mSv로 나타났다. 이로 인하여, 폐의 부작용 유발 확률은 방사선사는 100,000당 1.1명, 의사는 10.082명, 간호사는 0.4명으로 나타났다. 방사선작업종사자의 1년간 심부선량은 방사선사 2.44 ± 3.30 mSv, 의사의 경우 0.19 ± 0.26 mSv, 간호사의 경우 0.12 ± 0.00 mSv이었다. 이 선량으로 인하여, 폐의 부작용 유발 확률은 방사선사는 100,000당 1.2명, 의사는 0.096명, 간호사는 0.06명으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 방사선 피폭선량의 직종별 폐에 부작용이 발생할 확률을 연구하여 향후 확률적 영향과 관련하여 방사선 안전관리를 위하여 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

흰쥐에 재조합 인간 상피세포 성장인자(DWP401)를 연용피하투여했을 때 약물체내동태

남권호(Kweon Ho Nam),조재열(Jae Youl Cho),정주영(Joo Young Chung),장우익(Woo Ik Chang),강진석(Jin Seok Kang),유은숙(Eun Sook Yoo),박승국(Seung Kook Park),유영효(Young Hyo Yu),박명환(Myung Hwan Park),심창구(Chang Koo Shim) 대한약학회 1996 약학회지 Vol.40 No.5

The organ distribution and pharmacokinetics of DWP401, a recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF), were compared after single and repeated subcutaneous administration (50mcg/kg, 10mcCi/kg of 125I-DWP401, twice a day for 7 consecutive days) to rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC and terminal half-life were similar between two different administration. During repeated administration, the plasma concentration of DWP401 seemed to be constant when the plasma was collected at 15 min after each dosing. The TCA-precipitated radioactivities in thyroid, liver, kidney, and stomach were higher than those of other organs studied after both single and repeated administration. The TCA-precipitated radioactivities after repeated administration in several organs, such as thyroid, stomach, prostate, adrenal, eye ball, and testis were higher than those after single administration. But, according to the observations using gel filtration chromatography and antibody binding assay, the radioactivities in thyroid and stomach were not primarily due to the intact DWP401 or its metabolites but due to the 125I-thyroxine binding protein. In conclusion, it can be suggested that DWP401 is metabolized to each amino acid or small polypeptides, and there was no significant changes in pharmacokinetics or any indications for accumulation of DWP401 in rat plasma and organs after repeated treatment.

저 선량 베타선의 조사에 의한 식물의 생장에 미치는 영향

이병구(Byung-Koo Lee),임인철(In-Chul Im),김종언(Jong-Eon Kim) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2010 방사선기술과학 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 저 선량 베타선의 장기간(31일) 조사에 의한 춘향이 열무와 알타리 무의 생장에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 실험은 알타리 무와 춘향이 열무에 대하여 각각 1개 샘플의 대조군과 11개 샘플의 실험군으로 구성하였다. 대조군과 실험군의 종자들은 각각의 샘플에서 8개씩 선택되어 같은 조건의 배양토에 파종하였다. 실험군 샘플의 누적선량은 31일 동안 매일 같은 시간에 측정하였다. 생장과정과 발아율은 매주 2회 같은 시간에 측정하였다. 잎사귀 수, 초장의 길이와 생체중은 파종 후 20일과 25일에 각각 측정하여 평균값을 얻었다. 25일 동안 측정된 실험군의 결과에서, 알타리 무의 길이와 무게는 누적선량 0.01 Gy에서 대조군보다 각각 5%와 36%로 증가하였다. 또한 춘향이 열무에서 길이는 누적선량 0.01~0.08 Gy와 0.3 Gy에서 대조군보다 각각 13~17%와 1%, 무게는 누적선량 0.05 Gy와 0.23 Gy에서 대조군보다 각각 36%와 2%로 증가하였다. 잎 수에 대하여, 알타리 무는 누적선량 0.01~0.32 Gy에서 대조군보다 0~50%로 증가하였다. 그리고 춘향이 열무는 0.01~0.0.62 Gy에서 대조군보다 0~67%로 증가하였다. 이 결과로부터, 알타리 무와 춘향이 열무는 대체적으로 낮은 누적선량영역(0.01~0.2 Gy)에서 길이와 무게 그리고 잎 수가 증가하였다. 그리고 실험군의 세포의 크기,핵의 위치와 세포의 조밀도는 대조군과 거의 유사하게 현미경으로 관찰되었다. 결론적으로, 베타선에 조사된 알타리 무와 춘향이 열무는 방사선 호메시스 이론과 부합되어 낮은 누적선량영역에서 더 많은 생장을 한 것으로 추정된다. 추후 연구에서 방사선 호메시스와 식물생장의 관련성을 확증하기 위한 추가적인 실험이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study is to analyze effects of the growth of Chunhyang Young Radish (CYR) and Altari Radish (AR) according to the exposure for 31 days at low dose β-rays. This test has one contrast sample and eleven test samples each as to AR and CYR. The seeds from contrast and test sample were planted in the culture soil after 8 seeds were chosen from each with identical condition. The accumulated dose of test samples has been measured at consistent time on a daily basis for 31 days. The growing process and germination have been measured twice at consistent time in each week. The number of leaves, length of first leave and weight have been acquired average value by measuring for 20 and 25 days, respectively after being planted. The result of test sample in case of 25 days shows that 5% increase in length and 36% increase in weight for AR each at accumulated dose 0.01 Gy compared to the contrast sample. And the length of CYR has increased by 13~17% and 1% at accumulated dose 0.01~0.08 Gy and 0.3 Gy compared to the contrast sample. For the weight at accumulated dose 0.05 Gy and 0.23 Gy has increased by 36% and 2% compared to contrast sample. As to the number of leaves, AR has increased by 0~50% at accumulated dose 0.01-0.32 Gy compared to contrast sample. It also shows that the CYR has increased to 0~67% at accumulated dose 0.01-0.62 Gy compared to contrast sample. As a result of this study, it indicates that both AR and CYR has generally increased in their length, weight, and the number of leaves at low level accumulated dose part 0.01~0.2 Gy. The size of cell, area of nucleus and density of cell for test sample has been observed quite similar to the ones from contrast sample through microscope. In conclusion, AR and CYR irradiated by β-rays have estimated that they are achieved a rapid growth at low level accumulated dose region corresponding to its radiation hormesis theory. Further studies need to confirm the correlation between the radiation hormesis and the growth of the plants.

CT 환자누적선량 관리 프로그램의 효용성 연구

편도현(Do Hyeon Pyeon),이윤상(Yun Sang Lee),남진현(Jin Hyeon Nam),이준협(Jun Hyeop Lee),최기권(Gee Gwon Choi),조평곤(Pyong Kon Cho) 대한CT영상기술학회 2012 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목적 CT 환자누적선량 관리를 위해서 검사 후 환자에게 영향을 미치는 유효선량 및 흡수선량을 관리하여 일정기간 동안의 누적선량을 분기 혹은 연간 권고치와 비교하여, 권고량 이상일 경우 의사처방 단계 및 CT검사 시 방사선량 주의 표시를 의료정보시스템과 연계할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하여, CT 검사 시 표준 프로토콜 및 선량 저감화 프로토콜을 누적선량에 따라 선택적으로 적용함으로써, 환자 피폭선량 저감화에 기여할 수 있는 프로그램을 제안한다. 대상 및 방법 CT 환자누적선량 관리를 위해서 CT 장비에서 제공되는 CTDIvol과 DLP값의 신뢰도를 평가하기 위해서 본원의 임상조건을 적용하여 두부 및 전신용 팬텀과 ImPACT 프로그램을 이용한 선량측정 방법을 통해서 흡수선량과 유효선량을 비교하였고, 성인 및 소아의 연령대별 변환 인자를 DLP값에 대입하는 방법을 통해 유효선량을 비교 평가하였다. 결과 임상조건을 적용한 두부용 팬텀에서의 선량측정은 CTDIvol 35.8mGy, DLP 537mGyㆍcm, 복부용 팬텀에서는 CTDIvol 15.4mGy, DLP 616mGyㆍcm, ImPACT 프로그램에서는 두부에서 CTDIvol 41.1 mGy, DLP 617mGyㆍcm, 복부에서는 CTDIvol 18.8 mGy, DLP 752 mGyㆍcm, CT장비 표시 선량은 두부는 CTDIvol 42.0mGy, DLP 649 mGyㆍcm, 복부는 CTDIvol 17.2 mGy, DLP 951 mGyㆍcm로 나타났다. 또한, 유효선량 값은 두부용 팬텀에서는 1.12 mSv, ImPACT에서는 1.4mSv, CT장비는 1.36 mSv, 복부용 팬텀에서는 9.24 mSv, ImPACT에서는 12 mSv, CT장비에서는 14.2 mSV로 나타났다. 결론 본 연구의 CT환자누적선량관리 프로그램을 통해서 선량 저감화를 위한 적극적인 자세와 노력을 한다면 누적선량관리 프로그램의 효용성은 높을 것으로 생각한다. I. Purpose The purpose of this study is to propose a program that can manage the patient radiation dose of CT for active reduction in the radiation exposure of patient by devising a program where effective dose and absorbed dose that influence the patient are controlled after conducting the test far the management of patient radiation dose of CT, accumulated dose for certain period is compared with the recommended dose per quarter or year, and alert for radiation dose can be carried out in accordance with the medical information system in the stage of doctor’s prescription and CT test in case it has exceeded the recommended dose and selectively applying the standard protocol and radiation dose reduction protocol in accordance with the accumulated dose when conducting CT test. II. Meterial and Methods Materials and Method: In order to evaluate the reliability of CTDIvol and DLP value provided by CT equipment for the management of patient radiation dose of CT, absorbed dose and effective dose were compared through radiation dose measurement using head and whole body phantom and ImPACT program applying clinical conditions. Also, comparative evaluation of effective dose was carried out through method that substitutes conversion factors for each age group of adult and child to DLP value. III. Result In regards to dose measurement with the use of head phantom applying clinical conditions, CTDIvol of 35.8 mGy, DLP of 537 mGyㆍcm were displayed. In addition, CTDIvol of 15.4 mGy and DLP of 616 mGyㆍcm were displayed with the use of whole body phantom, In regards to ImPACT program, CTDIvol of 41.1 mGy and DLP of 617mGyㆍcm for head and CTDIvol of 18.8mGy and DLP of 752 mGyㆍcm for abdomen were displayed, In regards to CT modality, CTDIvol of 42.0mGy and DLP of 649mGyㆍcm for head and CTDIvol of 17.2mGy and DLP of 951 mGyㆍcm for abdomen were displayed Also, effective dose of head CT was revealed to be 1.12 mSv for phantom, 1.4 mSv for ImPACT, and 1.36 mSv for CT equipment and effective dose for Abdomen CT was revealed to be 9.24mSv for phantom, 12mSv for ImPACT, and 14.2mSv for CT equipment. IV. Conclusions Conclusion: Although no precise degree of danger or standard regarding the radiation exposure has been proposed through PDIS of CT in this study, I believe that the efficiency of PDIS for the reduction in radiation dose will be high when there is the willingness and effort to reduce the radiation dose with any means available.

방사선 작업종사자의 피폭선량 비교 평가

백성민(Seongmin Baek),장은성(Eunsung Jang) 한국방사선학회 2011 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.5 No.4

최근의 방사선 피폭 선량을 조사하여 그 경각심을 일깨워주기 위함이다. 그 분석결과, K병원의 2008년도 평균피폭 선량은 0.75±0.26mSv, 2009년은 0.67±0.30mSv, 2010년은 0.92±0.33mSv였다. P병원은 2008년이 0.43±0.13mSv, 2009년 0.43±0.20mSv, 2010년이 0.33±0.85mSv로 나타났으며, 연령별 평균 피폭선량은 K병원의 20대가 13.39 mSv, 30대 8.37mSv, 40대 1.19mSv, 50대 0.28mSv, 60대 0.32mSv로 나타났고 P병원은 20대 0.33mSv, 30대 1.41 mSv, 40대 0.83mSv, 50대 1.66mSv, 60대 1.12mSv 였다. 또한 3년간 피폭선량의 평균을 성별로 나누어서 나타냈는데 K병원에서 남자의 피폭선량은 2.92±1.03mSv, 여자의 피폭선량은 0.94±0.93mSv였다. P병원에서의 남자의 피폭선량은 0.66±0.18mSv이고 여자는 1.80±0.60mSv로 나타났다. 방사선을 취급하는 과별로 받는 년간 평균 피폭 선량은 영상의학과 1.65±1.54mSv, 방사선종양학과 1.17±0.82mSv, 핵의학과 1.79±1.42mSv, 기타 0.99±0.51mSv였으며 상대적으로 저선량율 에너지를 사용하는 핵의학과에서 다른 과와 비교해서 방사선 피폭이 높게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 핵의학과내에서는 특히 동위원소 조작실과 주입실의 년간 평균 피폭량이 3.69±1.81mSv으로 많은 피폭을 받고 있었다(p<0.01). 직종별 연평균 피폭선량은 의사 1.75±1.17mSv, 방사선사 1.60±1.39mSv, 간호사 0.93±0.35mSv, 기타 1.00±0.3mSv로 의사와 방사선사가 다른 직종에 비해 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 방사선 작업 종사자에 대한 피폭측정 및 평가가 철저히 이루어져 피폭 가능성을 줄이는데 관심과 주의가 필요하며 누적 선량을 최소화하여 방사선 작업 종사자의 건강을 유지하고 증진 시켜야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dose of radiation exposure to radiation-related workers in a hospital setting, thus increasing awareness of the health risk to the radiation-related workers. The result of the analysis showed the average dose of radiation exposure to radiation-related workers in hospital K was 0.75 ±0.26mSv in 2008, 0.67 ±0.30mSv in 2009, and 0.92±0.33mSv in 2010. The average dose of radiation exposure in hospital P was 0.43±0.13mSv in 2008, 0.43±0.20mSv in 2009, and 0.33±0.85mSv in 2010. The average dose of radiation exposure in hospital K by age group was 13.39mSv for age 20 to 29, 8.37mSv for age 30 to 39, 1.19mSv for age 40 to 49, 0.28mSv for age 50 to 59, and 0.32mSv for age 60 to 69 The average dose of radiation exposure in hospital P by age group was 0.33mSv for age 20 to 29, 1.41mSv for age 30 to 39, 0.83mSv for age 40 to 49, 1.66mSv for age 50 to 59, and 1.12mSv for age 60 to 69. Moreover, the average radiation exposure to radiation-related workers over 3 year period by gender group in hospital K was 2.92±1.03mSv for male group and 0.94±0.93mSv for female group. The average radiation exposure over 3 year period by gender group in hospital P was 0.66±0.18mSv for male group and 1.80±0.60mSv for female group. Persons working in diagnostic radiology department received mean of 1.65±1.54mSv/year, mean 1.17±0.82mSv/year in radiation oncology, mean 1.79±1.42mSv/year at nuclear medicine department and mean 0.99±0.51mSv/year at other departments. Radiation exposure was higher than that of other departments(p 〈0.05). Doctors and technologists received higher radiation exposure (mean 1.75±1.17mSv/year, 1.60±1.39mSv/year each) than other workers(p〈0.05). Measurement and evaluation of radiation exposure in radiation-related workers should be widely conducted accurately and consistently in the radiation-related occupational setting so that people in these occupational settings are more aware of the risk from radiation exposure, and thus give more attention and caution to decrease radiation exposure. It would be essential to minimize accumulated radiation dose in the radiation-related occupational setting in order to maintain and improve the health of radiation-related workers.

방사선치료계획 정도관리 방법에 따른 신뢰도 평가

김정호,김가중,유세종,김기진 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

According as radiation therapy technique develops, standardization of radiation therapy has been complicated by the plan QA(Quality Assurance). However, plan QA tools are two type, OADT (opposite accumulation dose tool) and 3DADT (3 dimensional accumulation dose tool). OADT is not applied to evaluation of beam path. Therefore tolerance error of beam path will establish measurement value at OADT. Plan is six beam path, five irradiation field at each beam path. And beam path error is 0 degree, 0.2 degree, 0.4 degree, 0.6 degree, 0.6 degree, 0.8 degree. Plan QA accomplishes at OADT, 3DADT. The more path error increases, the more plan QA error increases. Tolerance error of OADT path is 0.357 using tolerance error of conventional plan QA. Henceforth plan QA using OADT will include beam path error. In addition, It will increase reliability through precise and various plan technique.

방사선치료계획 정도관리 방법에 따른 신뢰도 평가

김정호,김가중,유세종,김기진 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

According as radiation therapy technique develops, standardization of radiation therapy has been complicated by the plan QA(Quality Assurance). However, plan QA tools are two type, OADT (opposite accumulation dose tool) and 3DADT (3 dimensional accumulation dose tool). OADT is not applied to evaluation of beam path. Therefore tolerance error of beam path will establish measurement value at OADT. Plan is six beam path, five irradiation field at each beam path. And beam path error is 0 degree, 0.2 degree, 0.4 degree, 0.6 degree, 0.6 degree, 0.8 degree. Plan QA accomplishes at OADT, 3DADT. The more path error increases, the more plan QA error increases. Tolerance error of OADT path is 0.357 using tolerance error of conventional plan QA. Henceforth plan QA using OADT will include beam path error. In addition, It will increase reliability through precise and various plan technique.

에탄올 복령추출물의 지방축적 억제활성, 항암활성 및 단회 경구 독성시험

박나혜 ( Na-hye Park ),이화용 ( Hwa-yong Lee ),최종운 ( Jong-woon Choi ),박승춘 ( Seung-chun Park ) 한국균학회 2018 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.46 No.3

In the present study, we compared the effects of 50% ethanolic extracts of Chinese and Korean Wolfiporia cocos (CPE and KPE) on in vitro lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells and their anticancer activities in Sarcoma 180 cells. We further compared the anticancer activities and the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of CPE with KPE with cultivated for one and two years in a landfill and a facility (LPE and FPE), respectively. In addition, the single oral dose toxicities of CPE and KPE were evaluated in mice. Lipid accumulation was inhibited after 48 hours, in CPE and KPE treated 3T3-L1 cells; however, no significant difference was observed between CPE and KPE in their lipid accumulation inhibitory activities. The anticancer activity of KPE was higher than that of CPE at 300 μg/mL (p<0.05), revealing the possibility of an auxiliary biological means for origin identification. The anticancer activities of LPE and FPE were significantly stronger than that of CPE (p<0.05) but there was no difference between extracts from one- and two-year-old W. cocos, irrespective of the cultivation method. In single oral dose toxicity tests, CPE and KPE did not induce mortality during the 14-day observation. Thus, the 50% of lethal dose (LD₅₀) of CPE and KPE were estimated to be higher than 2,000 mg/kg. Taken together, our results indicate that the anticancer assay could be an auxiliary means of identifying the origin of W. cocos. In addition, artificial cultivation could be an alternative way to reduce the import of W. cocos. Lastly, 50% ethanolic W. cocos extracts could be potential candidates for obesity and cancer managements.

Impact on Four-dimensional Dose Accumulation Using Deformable Image registration in Liver Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy

Seong-Hee Kang,Tae-Ho Kim,Dong-Su Kim,Cheon-Keum Seong,Min-Seok Cho,Kyeong-Hyeon Kim,So-Hyun Park,Siyong Kim,Tae Suk Suh 대한방사선방어학회 2014 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2014 No.11

백반증 환자을 전신 광화학 요법으로 치료하던 중 발생한 다발성 광선 각화증

김홍용,성소영,이인섭 ( Hong Yong Kim,So Young Sung,In Seob Lee ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.5

Actinic kratosis can develop dnring PUVA therapy especially at high accumulative doses(more than 1000Joules/cm) but it can also develop at low accumulative doses(lese than 200Joules/cm). PUVA therapy should be done carefully and the dermatologist has to observe the patients skin more closely to detect development of the keratosis. We present a case of multiple actinic keratoses that developed during PUVA therapy in a 53 year old vitiligo patient. They developed during relatively low accumulative dose PUVA therapy(827Joules/cm2). (Korean J Dermatol 1997;35(5): 989-993)