반복되는 천명을 가진 학령 전기 소아에서 고장성 식염수와 Salbutamol 병용 흡입치료의 효과

송명곤,이화랑,김용욱,김경심,김은영,김령,장해인,조형민 조선대학교 의학연구원 2017 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.42 No.4

There are reports that inhaling hypertonic saline with bronchodilator is helpful in the treatment of bronchiolitis. However, further studies are needed to determine if it is helpful to inhale hypertonic saline with bronchodilator in children with recurrent wheezing. We aimed to investigate the effect of hypertonic saline inhalation in children with recurrent wheezing. A total of 40 patients under 6 years of age admitted to Kwangju Christian Hospital from December 2014 to May 2016 were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to receive salbutamol. In the control group (n=21), salbutamol (2.5-5 mg / 0.5-1 mL) was inhaled four times a day with physiological saline (0.9% normal saline 1-3 mL). In the experimental group (n=19), the same amount of hypertonic saline (5% saline 1-3 mL) was inhaled four times a day instead of physiological saline. We compared the duration of wheezing remission between patients who had recurrent wheezing (n=40). There was no difference in the duration of wheezing remission in patients who had recurrent wheezing. But the hypertonic saline inhalation group had a lower post treatment clinical score on the 2nd-3rd day of admission than the physiological saline inhalation group. In this study, hypertonic saline inhalation therapy was not significantly effective in the treatment of recurrent wheezing. More additional research is needed to determine whether inhaled hypertonic saline is effective in the treatment of recurrent wheezing.

고장성 식염수 주사에 의한 흰쥐 정소의 해부학적 변화

곽병국,이철상,이성호 한국발생생물학회 2010 발생과 생식 Vol.14 No.4

Recent evidence has revealed that the intratesticular injection of hypertonic saline(20%) resulted in a chemically castrated state such as nadir testosterone levels in rats. To confirm the efficacy of this simple saline-injection method further, we investigated the changes in the gross and microscopic anatomy of testis. Our study comprised three groups; intac t(control) group, orchidectomy group and saline-injection (experimental) group. Single dose of hypertonic saline (sterilized, 750 ㎕/testis) were directly administered into both testis of adult rats (about 300 g BW). Bilateral orchidectomy was performed at the same day of saline injection. Following 30 days post-injection, reproductive tissues were surgically removed, weighed and fixed for histological examination. The body weights were not changed in both orchidectomy group and saline-injection group when compared to those in intact group. The wet weights of testis were significantly decreased in saline-injection group when compared to those in intact group. The wet weights of epididymis and seminal vesicle and prostate were significantly decreased in orchidectomy group and saline-injection group when compared to those in intact group. Macroscopically, the testes exerted slight atrophy and the tunica albuginea seemed to be intact in saline injection group. Histologically, however, larger parts of testicular tissue underwent necrosis and were barely recognizable after hematoxylin-eosin staining. In the same section, only the opposite part of the injection site was stained showing abnormal state of cell layers mostly fibrosis and infiltrated leukocytes. Sloughing of immature germ cells from the basement membrane along with shedding cells in the intraluminal space was notable in most seminiferous tubules from the saline injected testis. The present study confirmed that the direct injection of hypertonic saline into testis can induce a castration-like, testosterone-depriving effects on accessory sex organs. Our findings suggest that the efficacy of this less expensive and minimally invasive method seems to be almost even with that of conventional orchidectomy and chemical castration, though more in-depth evaluation should be supported.

간척지 벼 재배시 토양 및 관개수 염의 안전 한계농도

최원영,이규성,고종철,최송열,최돈향 韓國作物學會 2003 한국작물학회지 Vol.48 No.3

본 연구는 간척지 토양 염농도별(저염; 0.1-0.2%, 중염; 0.3~0.4%)로 분얼기 관개수 염수처리 농도에 따른 벼 생육 및 수량성을 검토하고자 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 토양 및 관개수 염농도가 높을수록 초장은 짧았고 주당경수도 적었으며, 특히 중염 토양에서 관개수 염농도 0.3% 이상에서는 모두 고사되었다. 나. 토양 및 관개수 염농도가 높을수록 출수는 지연되었으며, 토양 염농도간에는 중염 토양에서 저염 토양보다 2-5일 정도 늦었다. 다. 간장은 관개수 염농도가 높을수록 짧았고 중염 토양이 저염 토양보다 짧았으며. 수장도 같은 경향이었다. 라. 저염토양에서는 관개수 염농도가 높을수록 m2 당립수가 적고 등숙비율이 낮아, 쌀수량은 민물 관개 수량에 비해 관개수 0.l%는 92%, 0.3%는 84%, 0.5%는 56%, 0.7%는 36% 수준이었다. 중염토양의 쌀수량은 저염토양 민물 관개 수량에 비해 민물 관개는 62%, 0.1% 관개수에서는 30% 수준이었다. 따라서 관개수 염농도가 저염 토양은 0.7%, 중염 토양은 0.3%까지 생육은 가능하나 수량 감소가 커서, 소득지수로 볼때 간척지 쌀 생산 한계 관개수 염농도는 저염 토양은 0.5% 이하에서, 중염 토양은 민물 관개수에서 가능하였다. Reclaimed tidal areas for rice cultivation are irrigated with salt mixed water when there is severe drought. Therefore, we identified the critical concentration of saline water for rice growth on a reclaimed saline soil in Korea. The experiment was conducted at the Kyehwado substation of the National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station (NHAES) during 2001-2002. Two experimental fields with 0.1-0.2% for low soil salinity and 0.3-0.4% for medium soil salinity levels were used. The experiment involved four levels of salt solution mixed with sea water (at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7%) compared with a control using tap water in a split-plot design with three replicates. Saline solution was applied only two times at seedling stage (10 DAT and 25 DAT) for 5 days. Gyehwabyeo and dongjinbyeo, japonica rice varieties, were used in this experiment. Plant height and number of tillers sharply decreased in the 0.5% saline water in low soil salinity level and 0.1% in medium soil salinity level. For yield components, panicle number per unit area and percentage of ripened grain dramatically decreased in the 0.5% saline water in low soil salinity and 0.1% in medium soil salinity level. But 1,000-grain weight of brown rice decreased sharply in the 0.5% saline water in low soil salinity and 0.3% in medium soil salinity, indicating that this component was not much affected unlike other yield components. Milled rice yield decreased significantly with saline water level in both low and medium soil salinity. In the 0.7% low saline soil, the yield index was only 36% compared with the control. In medium soil salinity, even the control plot showed only 62% yield index compared with the control in the low soil salinity treatment. Results indicated that the critical concentration of saline water for rice growth in terms of economical income of rice production was 0.5% in low soil salinity and tap water in medium soil salinity.

소화성궤양 및 Mallory-Weiss 증후군 출혈에 Hypertonic Saline-Epinephrine 용액의 국소주사에 의한 지혈 효과

정문관,최종화,김태년,현명수,이헌주,이현우 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.2

1986년 11월에서 1989년 10월까지 상부위장관 출혈증세로 내원한 환자중 응급내시경검사상 출혈하고 있거나, 재출혈의 위험성이 많은 소화성궤양과 Mallory-Weiss tear 환자 161명을 대상으로 hypertonic saline-epinephrine 용액을 반복 국소주사하여 지혈효과 및 재출혈 방지효과에 대해 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 출혈부위는 위궤양 93예, 십이지장궤양 62예, Mallory-Weiss tear 5예, 변연부궤양 1예였다. 2) 내시경으로 관찰된 출혈 양상은 활동성 출혈이 64예였고, 최근 출혈 흔적이 있는 경우가 97예였으며, 활동성 출혈은 spurting하는 경우가 30예(arterial jet-ting 14예, pulsating 16예), oozing하는 경우가 34예였고, 최근 출혈 흔적이 있는 경우는 궤양 기저부의 혈관노출이 53예이고 혈괴부착은 44예였다. 3) 활동성 출혈이 있는 경우는 전예에서 hypertonic saline-epinephrine 혼합용액 국소주사 후 지혈시킬 수 있었다. 4) 영구 지혈을 위해서 arterial jetting 2.8회, pulsating 2.4회, oozing 1.5회, 궤양 기저부의 혈관노출인 경우 1.9회, 혈괴부착인 경우 2회의 hypertonic saline-epinephrine 혼합용액 국소주사가 요구되었다. 5) 재출혈은 spurting bleeding 30예중 5예(16.7%) oozing 34예중 3예(8.8%), 궤양 기저부에 혈과노출이 되어 있는 53예중 1예(1.9%), 혈관부착되어 있는 44예중 5예(11.4%)에서 발생하였다. 6) 재출혈한 14예중 9예는 반복 hypertonic saline epinephrine 용액 국소주사로 영구 지혈이 되었지만 spurting bleeding 2dP, oozing 1예, 궤양 기저부에 혈괴부탁 2예는 지혈 실패로 수술하였다. 7) 지혈실패한 5예중 1예는 간기능이 심하게 저하된 경우였고 그외 4예는 반복적인 궤양으로 인해 충분한 양의 hypertonic saline epinephrine solution을 국소주사 할 수 없었던 경우였다. 8) Hypertonic saline-epinephrine solution을 국소 주사를 이용한 지혈요법을 시행하지 않았던 1985년 11월부터 1986년 10까지 소화성 궤양과 Mallory-Weiss tear로 인한 출혈로 응급실로 내원한 65예중 25예(38.5%)에서 지혈과 재출혈을 예방하기 위해 수술요법이 요구되었지만 국소주사로 지혈요법을 시행한 후에는 수술요법 빈도를 1.9∼2.4%로 줄일 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 처치방법이 간단하고 경제적 부담이 많지 않은 hypertonic saline-epinephrine 용액을 이용한 국소주사가 출혈하고 있거나 재출혈의 위험성이 높은 소화성궤양 출혈과 Mallory-Weiss tear 환자에서 출혈을 지혈시키고 재출혈을 예방하는데 효과적인 치료의 한 방법으로 사료된다. We have assessed the efficacy of local kepeated injections with hypertonic saline-epinephrine solution in the clinical management of patients, who have an actively bleeding peptic ulcer Mallory-Weiss tear, exposed vessel or blood clot on ulcer bed. Over 36 months 161 patients, 64 with an actively bleeding ulcer or Mallory-Weiss tear and 97 with blood clot or exposed vessel on ulcer bed were subjected to endoscopic injection therapy with hypertonic saline epinephrine solution. Initial hemostasis was achieved in all patients with actively bleeding peptic ulcer or Mallory-Weiss tear (100%). In 8 of 64 patients with active bleeding and 6 of 97 patients with inactively bleeding pepitc ulcer and Mallory-weiss tear, recurrent episodes of bleeding occurred. Permanent hemostais was achieved in 61 patients (95.3%) with 2 sessions of repeated injections to prevent or control rebleeding and in the group of 97 patients with blood clot or exposed vessel on ulcer bed, permanent hemostasis was acieved in 95 patients (97.9%) with 1.9 sessions of repeated injections to prevent or control bleeding. No significant local or systemic complication was observed. We believe that endoscopic injection therapy with a hypertonic saline-epinephrine solution is a safe simple effective and inexpensive treatment option in control-ling active bleeding or preventing rebleeding peptic ulcer or Mallory-Weiss tear.

우척답에서 정지후 환수회수와 이앙시기에 따른 염분농도와 수도생육

鄭鎭一,劉肅鍾 韓國作物學會 1993 한국작물학회지 Vol.38 No.5

우척지에서의 수도재배는 일반 숙답과는 토양조성이 다르고, pH가 높고, C.S.C가 낮으며, 염해의 피해가 커 벼의 생육을 저해한다. 특히 벼 이질시의 손상에 의한 피해를 줄이고자 Rotary 후 환수 회수 및 이질시기가 토양의 염분농도 변화 양상과 벼의 생육 및 수량등에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 염분농도는 염농도 0.35%의 포장에서 담수하여 Rotary한 직후에 0.41%로 높아졌고, Rotary후 환수를 3, 4회 실시할 수록 0.2%까지 낮아졌으며, 담수호액도 0.2%에서 0.11%로 낮아졌다. 2. 토층별 염분농도는 5cm 깊이 내에서 1회 환수후에는 0.31%이었으며, 3~4회 환수를 많이 할수록 낮아져 0.22%로 감소되었고, 7cm 이하에서는 염분농도의 감소 정도가 적었다. 3. 이질묘의 고사는 염농도 0.35% 포장에서는 Rotary후 익일 이앙이 37%로 높았으나, 3회 환수 6일 이앙한 처리구는 20%로 적었으며, 0.50% 포장에서는 0.35% 포장보다 고사율은 높았으나 경향치는 같았다. 4. 수량은 염농도 0.35% 포장에서는 Rotary후 3회 환수하여 6일째 이앙한 처리가 350kg/10a으로 관행(1회 환수 익일 이앙)에 비하여 14% 증수하였고, 염농도 0.50% 포장에서는 이앙묘의 손상이 심하여 관행(73kg/10a)에 비하여, 3회 환수 6일째 이앙한 것이 250kg/10a으로 매우 높았다. 고농답에서 Rotary후 2일 이내에 이앙은 제염효과가 낮아 생육이 불량하고, 고농답 일수록 2~3회 환수와 5~6일 경과후 이앙하는 것이 활착이 양호하고 고사주율이 낮아, 초기 생육이 양호하였다. 그러나 이앙시기가 8일이 지나 10日 이상으로 늦어질수록 토양의 경화로 인하여, 이앙시 부묘가 않아 결주율이 높았으며 수량도 감소되 는 경향이었다.고, ABA는 이러한 변화에 상조적으로 작용하나 GA3 는 큰 영향이 없음을 알 수 있었다.다.e 및 free fatty acid) 는 13.3~17.4%로 나타났다.로 빠른 시일에 집중적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.다. 4. 저온저장(4℃ , RH 50%)한 벼는 2년반 저장한 벼도 밥맛의 변화가 거의 없었다. 5. 1988년산 및 1989년산 일반계를 10분도와 12분도로 도정하였을 때 도정도에 따른 밥맛의 차이는 없었다.X>CoOx는 Co3O4 로 존재하고, 반응 전의 경우에는 이와는 다른 chemical state를 보여주었다. XRD 및 XPS 결과를 바탕으로, 촉매표면에 존재하는 Co3O4 의 외부표면이 Co2TiO4 와 CoTiO3 같은 CoTiOx 로 encapsulation되어 있는 모델구조를 제안할 수 있고, 이는 반응시간의 함수로 나타나는 촉매활성에 있어서 전이영역의 존재를 잘 설명할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, XRD와 XPS에서 얻어진 촉매의 물리화학적인 특성을 잘 반영할 수 있다. 나타냈고, 골격근과 눈 조직에서 피루브산에 대한 LDH의 친화력이 상당히 크므로 LDH가 혐기적 조건에서 효율적으로 기능을 하는 것으로 사료된다.5) and "Cleanliness of clothes & features" (p <0.05) of VIP ward were significantly higher than those of a general ward.tive to apply.아울러 고려(考慮)해야 한다. 이것은 고무기술자(技術者)가 당면(當面)해야할 과제(課題)에 속(屬)하며 바람직 한것은 This study was conducted in order to obtain the information for yield improvement in saline paddy. Saline concentration, growth and yield of rice, being subjected to different flooding times and days to transplanting were investigated in saline paddy with 0.35 % and 0.5 % salt concentration. Saline concentration of soil was increased to 0.41 % just after rotary in the paddy with 0.35 % salinity, but decreased to 0.20 % after 3 to 4 times of flooding treatment. And also that of surface water was decreased from 0.2 % to 0.11 %. Saline concentration of soil in 5cm depth was decreased to 0.31 % by one time flooding and to 0.22% by 3~4 times flooding but salinity below 7cm depth showed slight decrease. Seedling death was exceeded 37 % when transplanted one day after rotary in the paddy with 0.35% salinity. Death ratio was decreased to 20% by three times flooding and transplanting six days after rotary. In paddy with 0.5 % salinity, death ratio was high but the tendency was very similar to 0.35 % field. In 0.35 % saline paddy field, yields were increased by 14 % by three times flooding and transplanting six days after rotary as compared to one time flooding and transplanting are day after rotary. Therefore, 3 to 4 times flooding and transplanting 5 to 6 days after rotary are desirable in high saline paddy.

Microbial Contamination and Associated Factors in Saline Used by Contact Lens Wearers

이군자,김효진,최봉규,김규동 대한시과학회 2011 대한시과학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Purpose: A 500 mL bottle of saline for contact lens rinsing are often used for contact lens rinsing in Korea that we examined risk factors with microbial contamination in the large volume saline solutions used by soft contact lens wearers. Methods: One hundred twenty subjects who were experienced contact lens wearers were recruited and asked to use and bring their bottles of used saline solution for the experiment. Microbial contamination of the used salines was evaluated as the number of colony-forming units and contaminated bacteria were identified with DNA sequence using PCR and automatic sequencer and BLAST analyzer. Chi-square tests, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to analyze the risk factors affecting the contamination of saline. Results: Twenty-seven bacterial species including ocular infectious 7 bacterial species were found in 45% of the collected saline. Bacterial contamination was correlated with unpreserved saline,container with a punctured opening, time period of use and hand washing habits prior to application of the lens. Conclusions: Saline should be manufactured in smaller volume in a non-punctured container with preservatives or in unit-dose for unpreserved saline and additional education about contact lens care and management for the wearers.

Image Evaluation of CT Brain Angiography by Changes of Injection Rate of Saline

Jeon-Yeong Kang(),Seong-Hwan Kim(),Jeong Dan Kim(),In-Suk Lee() 대한CT영상기술학회 2019 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.21 No.1

목적: CT Brain angiography 의 정확한 진단을 위해 정맥상을 감소시키기 위한 방법으로 조영제 주입 후 chaser 역할을 하는 saline 의 주입속도를 변화시켜 최대한 뇌동맥에만 조영증강이 되는 영상을 찾고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2018년 3월부터 6월까지 본원에서 CT Brain angiography 를 시행한 환자 118명을 대상으로 A(남자 23명, 여자 36명, 평균연령 55.2세), B(남자 23명, 여자 36명, 평균연령 58.2세) 두 그룹으로 나눠 saline의 주입속도를 5ml/s 와 2ml/s 로 변화시켜 검사를 진행하고 영상의 상시상정맥동 Hounsfield Unit(HU) 측정값으로 영상을 평가한다. 결과: 상시상정맥동 HU 측정은 A(5ml/s)군의 평균 139.9 HU(81~260 HU)로 측정되었고 B(2ml/s)군은 평균 114.8 HU(71~194 HU)으로 측정되었다. A군에 비해 B군에서 18% 감소되었다. A군과 B군의 상시상정맥동의 HU 측정값을 독립 T검정을 사용한 결과 유의확률 p<0.001 이므로 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결론: 일반적인 angiography에서의 chaser saline은 조영제의 사용량을 줄이고 다소 늘어질 수 있는 artery phase를 감소시키기 위해 조영제와 같은 속도로 주입하지만, brain쪽은 angiography에서는 오히려 vein phase를 빠르게 포함시켜 영상의 질을 저해한다. 그리하여 이번 검사 방법에서는 chaser saline 주입속도를 감소시켜 CT brain angiogram 에서 불필요한 정맥상을 감소 시켜 영상의 질을 높이고, 진단의 용이함을 도울 수 있었다. Purpose: In order to accurately diagnose CT Brain angiography, we want to find images that increase contrast only to the cerebral artery as much as possible by changing the injection speed of saline, which acts as a chaser after injecting the contrast agent, in order to reduce the venous phase. Material and method: From March to June, 2018, 118 patients who underwent CT Brain angiography were divided into two groups, A and B, and the infusion flow rate of saline was changed to 5 ml / s and 2 ml / s. The angiogram is evaluated with the Hounsfield Unit (HU) measurement of the normal phase of the superior sagittal sinus. Result: Group A(5 ml/s) averaged 139.9 HU, and group B(2 ml/s) was measured at an average of 114.8 HU, down 18% from group B compared to group A. Conclusion: The reduction of saline infusion flow rate could reduce unnecessary venous phase in CT brain angiography. As a method for acquiring proper images, we need to think about the method of change of saline as well as the importance of the contrast agent that we generally think.

Microbial Contamination and Associated Factors in Saline Solution Used by Contact Lens Weares

Koon-Ja Lee,Hyojln Kim,Bong-Kyu Chol,Kyu- Dong Kim 대한시과학회 2011 대한시과학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적: 500 mL 용량의 식염수가 한국에서는 콘택트렌즈 헹굼에 흔히 사용되고 있기 때문에 본 연구에서는 콘택트렌즈 착용자가 사용한 대용량 식염수의 미생물 오염과 관련된 위험 요인을 분석하였다. 방법: 120명의 소프트콘택트렌즈 착용자를 모집하고 식염수를 나누어 준 후 이들이 사용한 식염수를 수집하여 분석하였다. 사용한 식염수의 미생물 오염상태는 세균의 집락수 (colony-forming units)로 평가하였고, 세균의 종류는 유전자 중합효소반응(Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR)으로 얻은 DNA 서열을 자동 염기서열분석기 및 BLAST 분석기를 이용하여 동정하였다. 식염수 오염에 영향을 미치는 요인은 카이제곱검정, 상관분석 및 다중회기분석으로 분석하였다. 결과: 수집된 식염수 중 45%가 세균에 오염되었으며 7종의 감염성 세균을 포함한 27종의 세균이 검출 되었다. 세균의 오염은 무방부제 식염수, 구멍이 뚫린 용기, 식염수 사용기간 및 렌즈착용 전의 손 세척 습관과 상관성이 있었다. 결론: 방부제가 포함된 식염수는 구멍이 뚫려있지 않은 용기에 적은 용량으로, 무방부제 식염수는 1회용으로 제조되어야 할 것이며, 콘택트렌즈 착용자에게는 관리방법에 대한 재교육이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: A 500 mL bottle of saline for contact lens rinsing are often used for contact lens rinsing in Korea that we examined risk factors with microbial contamination in the large volume saline solutions used by soft contact lens wearers. Methods: One hundred twenty subjects who were experienced contact lens wearers were recruited and asked to use and bring their bottles of used saline solution for the experiment. Microbial contamination of the used salines was evaluated as the number of colony-forming units and contaminated bacteria were identified with DNA sequence using PCR and automatic sequencer and BLAST analyzer. Chi-square tests, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to analyze the risk factors affecting the contamination of saline. Results: Twenty-seven bacterial species including ocular infectious 7 bacterial species were found in 45% of the collected saline. Bacterial contamination was correlated with unpreserved saline, container with a punctured opening, time period of use and hand washing habits prior to application of the lens. Conclusions: Saline should be manufactured in smaller volume in a non-punctured container with preservatives or in unit-dose for unpreserved saline and additional education about contact lens care and management for the wearers.

저장성, 등장성 및 고장성 완충 식염수로 비세척 후 비점액섬모청소능의 비교

김성원,서병도 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.4

유방재건술에 사용된 식염수 보형물의 임상적 내구성과 누출

김일국,이준호,김용하,김태곤,이수정,강수환 대한성형외과학회 2011 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.38 No.6

Purpose: Despite wide clinical use of breast implants,there is continued concern about the lifespan of these devices. The causes of explantation were infection,deflation of implant and patient's want. The deflation of saline-filled breast implant was related to strength and durability of implant shell. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical durability of saline-filled breast implant through the analysis of duration until deflation occurred,causes, incidence and influencing factors. Methods: Retrospective analyses were conducted on clinical records for 19 cases of deflation of saline-filled breast implant from 201 cases of breast reconstruction with saline-filled implant between May 1995 and June 2011. The authors had been analyzed the causes of deflation,survival duration, symptom, sign, nipple excision,volume of implant, saline filling, method of reoperation,breast cancer stage and combined capsular contracture. Results: The causes of deflation were attributed to the cases that cannot be evaluated the causes in 15 cases, fall down in 1 case, mammography in 2 cases, accidental needle injury in 1 case. Mean survival duration was 4 years and 5 months. The duration of survival was less than 1 year for 5 cases, 1 year to 10 years for 10 cases, more than 10years for 4 cases. The volume between 201 and 250 cc of deflated breast implant was rated as high by 14.0 percent. The deflation rate of underfilled implants was 11.4 percent,adequate filled implants was 9.3 percent. None of overfilled implant was deflated. The deflation of smooth surface implant was 5 of 152 cases. Textured implant was 14 of 49cases. The capsular contracture of non-deflated breast implant was 28 of 182 cases and that of deflated breast implant was 6 of 19 cases. Conclusion: The patients who underwent saline-filled breast implant implantation should be informed that their implant could deflate. The analysis of clinical durability and causes of deflation in breast implant was important for the prediction and prevention of reopeation. The authors could suppose the causes of deflation of saline-filled breast implant through history, duration of survival, inspection of the shell of implant.