일반논문 : 해방기 문단과 지역의 문학담론 지형 -『예술문화』를 중심으로-

이동순 ( Dong Soon Lee ) 현대문학이론학회 2015 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.60

해방기의 광주전남 지역의 문학과 정치사회의 관계를 잘 보여주는 단체가 목포예술 문화동맹이다. 목포예술문화동맹은 ..예술문화..를 발간하여 예술문화운동의 지향점을 분명히 하고 있어 광주전남의 문학지형도를 파악하는데 중요한 시사점을 제공한다. 이에 본 연구자는 『예술문화』를 발굴하고 정리하여 해방기의 문단과 지역의 문학담론지형을 논한바 이를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 목포예술문화동맹의 『예술문화』 창간호부터 4호까지 서지사항을 밝히고 정리하여 참여한 작가와 작품들을 일별하여 정리하였다. 시는 30편, 소설은 6편, 수필은 10편, 평론은 20편, 희곡은 3편이 발표되었다. 이 작품들을 통해 해방기 사회주의의 이상을 좇았던 지식인들의 열망과 갈등, 고뇌를 알 수 있게 되었다. 둘째, 해방기 중앙문단에서는 조선문학가동맹이 결성됨으로써 문단의 헤게모니를 장악했던 것과 같은 맥락에서 『예술문화』는 지역 문단의 지형을 반영하고 있다. 『예술문화』는 새로운 예술운동으로 새조선의 정치와 문화로 민중을 지도하고 교육하고 계몽하는 것을 목적으로 이념성을 앞세우고 있다는 점에서 지역의 정치사상적인 분위기와 무관하지 않았던 것을 알 수 있었다. Alliance of Mokpo Art Culture is the organization to show faces of the relationship between literary and political society Gwangju Jeonnam in the libration period. Alliance of Mokpo Art Culture provides the crucial implication to comprehend the literary geography of Gwangju Jeonnam as they clearly have intention point of art-culture movement by publishing. As a conclusion, I have organized it into three conclusions as I discussed the literary circles in the liberation period and literary discourse geography by finding and arranging 『Art Culture』See below. First of all, I have indicated the bibliography of 『Art Culture』 from the first issue to the forth issue, and organized the artists and writers and their works in index. Thirty poetry, six novels, ten essays, twenty critiques, and three plays were published. In the literature work of 『Art Culture』, it can be found that desire, conflict, and agony of intellects who followed the ideology of socialism in the liberation period. Second of all, Korean writers seized a hegemony of literary circles as the Korean Writers Alliance was found in literary circles in the metropolis. In the same vein, 『Art Culture』reflects geography of the local literary circles. 『Art Culture』put ideology first on purpose to guide, educate, and enlighten people with politics and culture of new Chosun by the new art-culture movement. It can be found that 『Art Culture』is not away from the local atmosphere of ideology of politics Third of all, it is confirmed that the political changes brought byliberation, asked the new works to the local artists. The theory of culture creation is strongly related to the political geography, and it stands out that the phenomenon of culture creation jump on the bandwagon. Especially, the fact has found that poet Lee Dong-joo converted his ideology, based on he insisted the institutionalization of literature and he also clearly showed that ideology is the main point of it. It is important to be able to confirm that the geography of political society and literary circles of local intelligent and writers who fiercely lived in the liberation period by discovering of 『Art Culture』by Alliance of Mokpo Art Culture which is clearly presented the relation between local literary and political society.

다문화시대의 문화교육과 국어/문학교육

김수이(Kim Su-Yee) 우리말글학회 2008 우리말 글 Vol.42 No.-

The In a cultural age when culture leads all the spheres of society, a Korean education must be given together with the role of a cultural education. This paper, in line with the development of 'a cultural age' and 'a multi-cultural society' is intended to examine the desired method of connecting a Korean with a cultural education mostly referring to a literary-criticism education. A Korean education is, recently, reforming identity as a course of study aiming at a learner-centered open education. It results from having given new educational duties suitable for a new age to it as a main body in charge of 'a cultural education' that a Korean education, aiming at an opening education, renewed existing identity of a Koran subject. A multi-cultural society requires its members to correctly understand culture, and the difference and diversity of culture. The reason and method that a Koran education is able to carry out the role of a cultural education in a multi-cultural age are as follows. First, it is possible to train learners as 'a cultural subject' by teaching them literary works, important texts of a Korean education. Because literary works may be cultural texts reflecting a variety of cultural phenomena of society. Second, learners may have proper cognition of the difference and diversity of culture by learning various cultural phenomena and values, reflected in literary works. Third, learners may be trained as cultural talents having a reflectiv e?subjective?creative view through training of diversely interpreting literary works as cultural texts. This also corresponds to the conditions for training talent, which means "a well-educated person carving his/her way", "a person creating a new value who well understands our culture", as defined in the 7th educational course. A literary-criticism education has an important part to play in the connection of a Koran and a cultural education. It is because the power of viewing literary works from the cultural standpoint increases through criticism. This paper, citing Kim Su-young's poem as an instance, proposed a method of teaching literary works from a literary-criticism view.

그러므로 문제는 문학이다- 최근 문화연구에 대한 비판적 제언 몇 가지

류보선 돈암어문학회 2017 돈암어문학 Vol.32 No.-

The primary purpose of this paper is to do a careful reading of Munhaksa ihuui munhaksa(Literary History after Literary History) and Heoyongdoen buron(Permissible Rebellion), books that comprehensively survey the cultural research carried out after the mid-90s and also present a direction for future research. Reading these two books gives us the opportunity to examine the accomplishments of cultural studies and to look at ways of future research. In Munhaksa ihuui munhaksa, cultural researchers count as the fruits of their research the return of “literatures” and “cultures” previously excluded from literary history that until then was centered on nationalism, men, and the elites, and showing the possibility of “plural literary histories.” This evaluation should not be taken as self-praise. Indeed, cultural research since the mid-90s has drawn several important elements into the realm of literary history, such as subcultures, historical geographies, gender oppression, literary debut systems, which earlier literary history did not talk about or even repressed. And thanks to this, we have the conditions to establish a new genealogy of Korean literature. Heoyongdoen buron is a compilation of research on the colonial censorship system that emerged as an important part of cultural politics studies after the late 90s. It includes almost all areas related to colonial censorship, such as what censorship devices were used by the censors that made it impossible to “write what one wanted to write” and what it was that writers of that period “couldn’t write.” The post mid-90s cultural research that broadened the horizon of Korean literary research now stands at a crossroads: Will Korean intellectuals will carry out meaningful genealogical practice or will their research decline to meaninglessly listing unordered subcultures. This is related to how researchers engaged in cultural studies after the mid-90s view literature. As they move the focus of their research from “literature to cultural studies,” they oversimplify the act, institution, form, or practice of literature. To them, literature is merely an agent of the symbolic order that suppresses subcultures. As a result, they believe that they can dismantle the existing symbolic order simply by returning the subculture to the literary form. However, this brings about the adverse effect of covering up the violence of the symbolic order by only criticizing the literary practice that resists the symbolic order. Thus, in order to invent the “literary history after literary history” or “plural literary histories” that recent cultural research dreams of, “cultural research without literature” should change to “cultural research with culture” or “cultural research with literature.” In other words, recent cultural research can attain its original purpose of dismantling the symbolic order when it compares, contrasts, and infers the research into the cultural sphere in which they are interested with a serious archaeological exploration of the history and status of literature. Thus, paradoxically, the most crucial question in current cultural and literary research is what literature was, is, and will be. In other words, the issue is still literature. 이 논문의 일차적인 목적은 『문학사 이후의 문학사』와 『허용된 불온』을 꼼꼼히 읽는 것이다. 이 두 권의 책은 1990년대 중반부터 집중적으로 이루어져온 문화연구를 집대성한 문제적인 저작이다. 그러므로 이 두 권의 책을 읽는 것은 그간 문화연구가 쌓아온 업적을 점검하고 향후 문화연구의 갈 길을 조망하는 일이 된다. 『문학사 이후의 문학사』에서 문화연구를 주도해온 연구자들은 그간 자신들의 연구 성과로 기존의 민족주의-남성-엘리트 중심의 문학사가 배제한 ‘문학들’ 그리고 ‘문화들’을 귀환시키고 ‘복수(複數)의 문학사’의 가능성을 열었다는 점을 꼽는다. 그들의 이러한 평가는 자화자찬이 아니다. 실제로 1990년대 중반 이후 집중적으로 이루어진 문화연구는 이전의 문학사가 억압해 왔던 다양한 하위문화, 작가, 젠더적 억압 등등의 중요한 요소를 문학사의 영역 안에 끌고 들어왔고, 이러한 호명 덕분에 우리는 한국문학에 대한 새로운 계보학을 정립하게 되었다. 『허용된 불온』은 1990년대 말부터 문화정치학의 한 영역으로 급부상한 식민지 시기 검열제도에 대한 연구를 집대성한 저작이다. ‘쓰고자 했던 것’을 원초적으로 억압한 식민지 시대 검열 기구가 어떤 검열 장치를 작동시켰는지, 그리고 그것 때문에 당대 작가들이 ‘쓸 수 없었던 것’은 무엇이었는지 등등 식민지 시대 검열에 관한 거의 모든 영역을 포괄한다. 이렇게 한국문학 연구에 의미 있는 지평을 연 90년대 중반 이후의 문화연구는, 그러나 지금 한국지성사의 의미 있는 계보학적 실천으로 자리하느냐 아니면 단지 질서화되지 않은 하위문화들을 의미없이 나열하는 글쓰기로 전락하느냐의 갈림길에 서 있다. 그것은 90년대 중반 이후 문화연구에 몰두하고 있는 연구자들이 문학을 바라보는 관점과 관련이 있다. 그들은 ‘문학에서 문화연구’로 그 중심을 옮겨가면서 문학이라는 행위, 제도, 형식, 혹은 실천 영역을 지나치게 단순화시킨다. 그들에게 문학이란 오로지 하위장르를 억압하는 상징질서의 대리인에 불과하다. 그 결과 그들은 문학 형식이 아닌 그 바깥의 하위문화를 귀환시키기만 하면 기존의 상징질서를 해체할 수 있으리라 믿는다. 하지만 이는 언제나 앞선 자리에서 상징질서에 저항하는 문학적 실천을 오로지, 그리고 오히려 비판함으로써 상징질서의 폭력성을 가려버리는 역효과를 낳고 있다. 그러므로 최근의 문화연구가 ‘문학사 이후의 문학사’ 혹은 ‘복수(複數)의 문학사’를 발명하기 위해서는 ‘문학 없는 문화연구’에서 ‘문화 있는 문학연구’ 혹은 ‘문학 있는 문화연구’로 그 중심을 옮겨야 한다. 다시말해 문학의 역사와 위상에 대한 진지한 고고학적 탐사 위에 그들이 관심을 갖는 문화 영역에 대한 연구를 비교, 대조, 유추시킬 때, 문화연구는 기존의 상징질서를 해체하는 문화연구 본연의 목적에 도달할 수 있다.

외국인 학습자에 대한 문예교육에 선행해야 할 이질문화의 언어적 이해 -한,중 "죽음" 어휘에 대한 언어결정론적 접근

김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ) 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2011 한국문화기술 Vol.11 No.-

This paper attempts to highlight the significance and importance we may attach to a cross-cultural understanding of language in the course of a literary education of Korean as a foreign language for foreign students. Since language is closely linked to the influence of culture on the perception, value orientations, ways of expression, and behavior patterns of the people enjoying that culture, language is inseparable from culture. Undeniably, a proper understanding of the culture inherent in the language of a people is prerequisite to the efficient teaching of literary works as a cultural product of the people using that language. According to Linguistic Determinism, or the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, there are two kinds of approach toward the problem of the long-debated language and culture relationship: one is that the language of a people is determined by, or reflects, their culture and the other that the language of a people determines and moulds their culture. In this paper, we have conducted a lexical approach to the relationship of language to culture and thought within a framework of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Especially, through an overall survey of the specification and differentiation found in death-related vocabulary words, Korean and Chinese, we have proved that cultural awareness supposedly achieved in the course of a proper understanding of focal areas of cultural emphasis may contribute greatly to the success in a literary education for foreign students of language.

K?lt?rel Boyutuyla Yabancı Dil ??retiminde Yaznısal Metin

Bayram K?SE 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 중동연구소 2005 중동연구 Vol.24 No.1

As a result of interaction between countries in a world which is gradually becoming global, foreign language teaching has become more important and this importance is increasing day by day. It is a fact that every language is a door which opens to a different culture; especially interaction between civilizations has made it compulsory to learn about other cultures. This is why the majority of people today are very eager to learn a foreign language. Reading an authentic literary text in the foreign language can be seen as a personal encounter with the foreign culture. If the process of reading and interpreting a text is seen as an attempt to produce meaning from the multiplicity and polyphony of that particular text, the learner enters into a dialogue with the text and the foreign culture in a productive subject-subject relationship. The reading process is individual and authentic and there is not only scope for the individual learner's interpretation and understanding, but also a need for it. Without the reader, the text is just a series of written signs on paper; it is the individual reader with his or her pre-knowledge and 'personal constructs'. In foreign language teaching culture, as regards the cultural dimensions in literary texts are subjects which are often neglected. It is quite difficult to say that the procession of a literary text has been materialized as it should be. This article consists of 3 chapters: Ⅰ. The Peak of Authentic Text Types: Literary Text Ⅱ. Foreign Language/Foreign Culture and Literary Text Ⅲ. The Cultural Dimensions and Contributions of Literary text in Foreign Language Teaching. In this article, literary texts are dealt with their cultural dimensions which are one of the most important factors in foreign language teaching-learning and the importance of choosing literary texts are discussed.

19세기 미국의 문학지식인과 대중문화: 휘트먼의 민주주의의 전망 과 연관하여

유희석 ( Hui Sok Yoo ) 영미문학연구회 2007 영미문학연구 Vol.13 No.-

With the advent of globalization it is commonplace to hear that a geoculture that everyone shares finally comes to be realized. But it is equally easily argued that the geoculture itself is contaminated by the gobbling capital; homogenizing commercial culture symbolized by the Macdonald erodes the very foundation of Rabelaisean culture. These contradictory voices compel us to think over the role of literary intellectuals in shaping the common culture as a genuine public sphere which is neither of the two mentioned above, geoculture and Rabelaisean culture; the one is too vulnerable to the onset of commercialization leading to the mass culture while the other is no less inclined to the pitfalls of the vicious circle of binary opposites, the highbrow vs. the lowbrow. This paper purports to read W. Whitman`s post-bellum essay "Democratic Vistas" keeping in mind the dialectical tension of the literary intellectuals in 19th century America and its reading culture. Whitman`s argument against the general deterioration of spiritual conditions in America signally termed as ``the Gilded Age`` offers us opportunities to muse on the possibility of the common culture as a desirable public sphere. His total vindication for the vocation of (national) literature as well as the positive role of literary intellectuals in engaging with consuming culture is one of the guideposts to the horizon of ensemble-Individuality.

중남미 문화연구에 대한 고찰

이성훈 한국외국어대학교 외국문학연구소 2002 외국문학연구 Vol.- No.12

Culture Studies originated in the Great Britain in 1950s and 1960s, does not necessarily come to a realization with an unified character and an universal form. As an intellectual project, each Culture Studies bears unique historical background and also different form according to history of the nation in which Culture Studies has been performed. For example, there is profound difference in the way Culture Studies is carried out among in Great Britain where Culture Studies was originated, and in United States, and of course in the Latin America. This makes the historical meaning of the Culture Studies significant. It is of much importance to understand what kind of form does Culture Studies takes and why one can find various forms of the Culture Studies, in considering the practical aspect of Culture Studies. This means that Culture Studies itself is not performed in search for a sole project, but is deeply affected by the text or the language on which Culture Studies is carried out and the ideological attitude the researcher bears toward the text. In that sense, the Latin American Culture Studies its own value, and it shows a certain tendency in diverse spectrum of the theory camps in the Latin America, and complications and agony that the Latin American intellectual went through seeking alternatives for the globalization which has taken place since 1990s. What this paper like to present is to draw the ‘cognitive map’ of the theory camps in the Latin America, covering the process that Culture Studies was discussed among Latin American intellectuals, and the historical context which caused the fundamental distinction, other than to introduce a mere general discussion about the nature of Culture Studies. Moreover, through this discussion, one can understand the characteristics the Latin American Culture Studies presents, and criticize a few concept about Latin American Culture Studies. As we saw above, Culture Studies in the Latin America was formed in the state of both tension and cooperaton with literature criticism. With not only the hybriditical nature of the Latin American literature but also social stand Latin American writers has hold, one may say that the Latin American Culture Studies has been ahead of others in raising an issue in research method or in research criteria of Culture Studies. Due to the peculiar intellectual tradition in Latin American and Sociohistorical condition, one may see the Latin American Culture Studies has its ownand distinguished feature. Unlike the western Culture Studies which took up most part of existing literature criticism after it was rapidly forced out of the scene, in Latin America Culture Studies actively absorbed the analyzing tools of literary criticism and broaden its criteria, in other words, cultural-researchization of literature criticism was the distinguished tendency in Latin America. The phenomenon that the theoretical concepts widely used in literary criticism are adapted as tools for analyzing the culture to the culture researcher is one evidence. On the other hand, whereas the western Culture Studies pursued bringing something political to substantial routine space, that is, micro-politics, the Latin American Culture Studies tried to solve politic problems in the very conceptual space-the Nation. That tells us about the intellectual complication of Latin American intellectuals who still has modern problems with them and attempts to solve this through ‘post-modern’ Culture Studies as a key. In short, Latin American Culture Studies adapting the tools general culture studies suggests, according to Latin American situation, searches for its own and unique method.

2019 한국 문화연구, 현황과 과제

천정환 ( Cheon Jung-hwan ) 영미문학연구회 2019 안과 밖 Vol.0 No.46

This paper discusses the changes in the studies of Korean culture since 2010’s. Cultural studies based on Korean literature have three interdisciplinary fields(categories): the research of Korean modern literary history via cultural studies, the studies of Korean modern cultural history, and the studies of ordinary culture. I evaluate the current status of these fields, and examine the tasks in the aspects of institutions and contents. Recently the research of Korean modern literary history via cultural studies left remarkable outcomes especially in the studies of literature and culture in 1960’s and 1970’s, translation culture since the Liberation, female literature and feminism view on the reinterpretation of literature history, the studies of people’s literature(Minjung literature) and labor literature, and the studies of history of cold war culture. The studies of Korean literature will continue to push back the boundaries of ‘literature’ and to transcend nationalism, elitism and androcentrism. Meanwhile ‘literature to culture’ in Korea has kept pace with ‘literature to knowledge.’ In other words, the studies of intellectual history, university history, and cultural history have actively developed on the basis of national research projects. In addition, cultural studies are gradually expanding its boundaries with new methodology, and undeveloped materials and fields. The studies of ordinary culture hold many institutional and theoretical tasks. I looked into the theoretical tasks of the studies of culture stressing on political economic and technoculture paradigm. Cultural studies should become a practical knowledge, going beyond ideological criticism that is easy to be trapped in convention or restoration, and it should create many practical interventions in terms of political economics, scientific technology, and urbanization. Making move conscious efforts to build more camps and strategies for next generations of scholous in the studies of culture will bring a solution to the crisis of the studies of culture.

문학 교재 구성에서 문학사 교육의 재인식

박윤우(Park Yoon-woo) 우리말글학회 2008 우리말 글 Vol.44 No.-

Literary history education make literary learners not only view literary value of individual works deeply but cultivate discernment to settle them in the system of whole literature, in so far as to fulfill the role to unify literary value and their lives. In this regards, Literary history education must be accomplished positively in the process of interpretation and understanding of individual works, not with literary history already written. Although the 7th curriculum of 〈Literature〉 includes the education of literary history in the content of 'literature culture', presenting important educational moment that recognize literary history as a unification of mental history and generic history, the textbooks show mixture of generic theory and historical theory, or chronological enumeration of canons. As the descriptive method of literary history can generally be classified to organic model or dialectic model, they all have a defect for the conformity of literary history education. So, we must reconsider the descriptive method of literary history within the thought of literary education. In this regards, revised curriculum of 〈Literature〉 shows us progressive aspects especially in teaching-learning method plan, as for requiring the recognition of standards of literary history, critical prospects, transferable works, creativity and imagination adding the typicality, life experience of learners, various sub-realms of Korean and world literature and so on. After all, literary history education must be reconstructed to the direction of enlarging the meta-discourse of value and politics, or human and sociological unified thought. To fulfill this, subjective approach including various sub-genres and unified approach based on inter-textuality are essential in the process of constructing textbook.

문학동인지의 지역성과 스토리텔링 가능성 연구

강민희(Kang, Min-hee) 한국어문학회 2017 語文學 Vol.0 No.135

The literary coterie magazine (munhak tonginji) is often formed by people of commonalities of similar ideology, birthplace, region, and years of experience, who volunteer to write and publish together. Therefore, the literary magazine has become the important site that contributes to literary activities regardless of the passage of time and functioned to lay a firm foundation for literary people. As the literary magazine is based on the specific period and local space, the examination of the published works of the literary magazine requires the consideration of the specific cultural and regional contexts, as the magazine can be connected to the recently emerging concept of ‘attracted literary space.’ The literary magazine entitled “Juksun” is to be discussed in this study. It was the first magazine specialized in Korean literature, particularly poems, so its historical and literary values should not be perishable. Besides, the magazine has provided local writers with the resources to publish their works and interact with other writers. The magazine has helped to boost literary activities among the literary circle members in the region, while it deals with the efforts to overcome nationwide pain caused by the Korean War through the power of literature. In this respect, this study aims to rediscover the veiled values of “Juksun” and to draw the connection between literature and cultural industry, while focusing on its transformation as the storytelling art. As an attempt to planning and operating digital literary house and building digital archive, and the making of “Juksun” as a storytelling bank has been suggested. To make it possible, it is necessary to uncover the contemporary writers and define their unique values represented in the magazine, and to develop the contents in relation to the need of local culture. This study wishes to redesign the literary magazine of Daegu as a new platform to revitalize modern Korean literature and to provide the literary resources and heritages.