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尹世哲,姜信雄 弘益大學校 1975 弘大論叢 Vol.7 No.-
A great many formal statements of educational aims affirm the centrality of the goal of developing morally responsible citizen through public schooling; yet few schools actually deal with maral education in a serious and systematic fashion. The teacher is often proclaimed to be the central force in the formation of moral character in the young; yet few teachers have been provided with training designed to enhance their effectiveness as moral educators. Therefore, the most striking characteristics of the contemporary state of moral education is the inconsistency between what is said and what is done. Moral philosophy and moralizing are quite differnt. As a result, while moral education has been rich in moral fervor, it has been lacking in conceptual depth. Moral education (or value education) is not simply skill training in how to act in certain ways, but rather must include provision for preparation to understand and apply principles to relevent situations in human existance. In relation to these facts, the following assumptions were proposed. The first assumption of contemporary moral philosophy is the position that the terms "moral" and "morality" do not simply reter to a complex of components which encompass at least both of these elements. The second assumption is that the concept "morality" does not simply or solely refer to mores of behaviors deemed acceptable in a certain society, but also refers to the act of personal confrontation with and choice between alternative principles and behaviors on the basis of criteria that transcend "the value system" of any particular society. The third assumption of moral philosophy deals with the importance of moral principles to the moral sphere and hence to value education. Value and moral principles are taken only to be statements of potential alternatives until that moment when human behavior turns into a binding principle by accepting it and acting upon it. In short, moral education could find its significance only on the condition that students may "create" their own values and moral principles.
Kim Se Eun,Sung Ju Young,Yun Yewon,Jeon Byeongjun,Moon Sang Mo,Lee Han Bin,Lee Chae Hyun,Jung Hae Jun,Lee Jae-Ung,Lee Sang Woon 한국물리학회 2024 Current Applied Physics Vol.64 No.-
Dynamic random-access memories (DRAMs) are used as core memories in current computing methods based on the Von Neumann architecture. The DRAM demand continuously increases because of the increased amount of data and need for artificial intelligence computing. DRAM consists of one transistor and one capacitor. Data are stored in the capacitor representing “0” and “1”. DRAM capacitors are composed of metal–insulator–metal thin films. In this review, we summarize experimental methods for development of high-k insulators and metal thin films for DRAM capacitors using the atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. Future research directions for the development of high-k and metal thin films and their ALD processes are addressed for next-generation DRAMs.
The outcome of endoscopic management of bile leakage after hepatobiliary surgery
( Seon Ung Yun ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Chan Sup Shim ),( Tae Yoon Lee ),( Hyung Min Yu ),( Hyun Ah Chung ),( Se Woong Kwon ),( Taek Gun Jeong ),( Sang Hee An ),( Gyung Won Jeong ),( Ji Wan Kim ) 대한내과학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.32 No.1
Background/Aims: Despite improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative patient care, bile leakage can occur after hepatobiliary surgery and may lead to serious complications. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic treatment of bile leakage after hepatobiliary surgery. Methods: The medical records of 20 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography because of bile leakage after hepatobiliary surgery from August 2009 to September 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Endoscopic treatment included insertion of an endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage stent after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Results: Most cases of bile leakage presented as percutaneous bile drainage through a Jackson-Pratt bag (75%), followed by abdominal pain (20%). The sites of bile leaks were the cystic duct stump in 10 patients, intrahepatic ducts in five, liver beds in three, common hepatic duct in one, and common bile duct in one. Of the three cases of bile leakage combined with bile duct stricture, one patient had severe bile duct obstruction, and the others had mild strictures. Five cases of bile leakage also exhibited common bile duct stones. Concerning endoscopic modalities, endoscopic therapy for bile leakage was successful in 19 patients (95%). One patient experienced endoscopic failure because of an operation-induced bile duct deformity. One patient developed guidewire-induced microperforation during cannulation, which recovered with conservative treatment. One patient developed recurrent bile leakage, which required additional biliary stenting with sphincter-otomy. Conclusions: The endoscopic approach should be considered a first-line modality for the diagnosis and treatment of bile leakage after hepatobiliary surgery.
Effect of Acupuncture on Postoperative Ileus after Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Jung, Se Yun,Chae, Hyun Dong,Kang, Ung Rae,Kwak, Min Ah,Kim, In Hwan The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.1
Purpose: Acupuncture has recently been accepted as a treatment option for managing postoperative ileus (POI) and various functional gastrointestinal disorders. Therefore, we conducted a prospective randomized study to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on POI and other surgical outcomes in patients who underwent gastric surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer from March to December 2015 were randomly assigned to acupuncture or non-acupuncture (NA) groups at 1:1 ratio. The acupuncture treatment was administered treatment once daily for 5 consecutive days starting at postoperative day 1. The primary outcome measure was the number of remnant sitz markers in the small intestine on abdominal radiograph. The secondary outcome measure was the surgical outcome, including the times to first flatus, first defecation, start of water intake, and start of soft diet, as well as length of hospital stay and laboratory findings. Results: The acupuncture group had significantly fewer remnant sitz markers in the small intestine on postoperative days 3 and 5 compared to those in the NA group. A significant difference was observed in the numbers of remnant sitz markers in the small intestine with respect to group differences by time (P<0.0001). The acupuncture group showed relatively better surgical outcomes than those in the NA group, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this clinical trial, acupuncture promoted the passage of sitz markers, which may reflect the possibility of reducing POI after distal gastrectomy.
곽동엽,윤세웅,박두희,Kwak. Dong-Yeop,Yun. Se-Ung,Park. Du-Hee 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1
Determining the most likelihood earthquake scenario in one region is very important for performing an earthquake-resistant design. The most likelihood earthquake scenario can be selected by performing deaggregation, who classifies earthquakes that occur ground motion exceeding a specific acceleration as each distance and each earthquake magnitude. If earthquakes are classified, the most likelihood earthquake scenario can be selected. Earthquake hazard analysis method that have to be performed before deaggregation follows the method that Ministry of Construction & Transportation presented. As a result of performing deaggregation at longitude 127.35 and latitude 34.7, presentable seismic ground motion scenarios can be selected at each recurrence period.
모바일 컴퓨팅 환경에서 실시간 데이터베이스 시스템을 위한 확장된 이타적 로킹 기법
강은영 ( Eun-young Kang ),김세윤 ( Se-yun Kim ),김응모 ( Ung-mo Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2004 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.11 No.2
모바일 컴퓨팅 환경에서 실시간 데이터베이스 시스템의 트랜잭션 처리시 2PL-HP 방법은 성능이 우수한 스케줄링 기법이다. 그러나 2PL-HP 방법은 높은 우선순위를 갖는 트랜잭션의 선행처리를 항상 보장하기 때문에 낮은 우선순위를 갖는 트랜잭션은 철회 및 블로킹이 불가피하여 기아(starvation) 현상을 초래한다. 본 논문은 이러한 기아 현상으로 인한 낮은 우선순위를 갖는 트랜잭션의 기다림과 철회를 최소화 하기 위해 이타적 잠금 기법에 우선 순위 기법과 2 버전 기법을 이용하였다. 데이터항목을 점유한 트랜잭션이 더 이상 그 데이터항목을 필요로 하지 않을 때 그 데이터항목을 기부함으로 우선순위가 낮은 트랜잭션들의 불필요한 재 시작 및 기다림을 방지한다. 이로써 마감시간 초과비율과 재시작 비율을 감소 시킬 수 있어 시스템의 처리율을 향상 시킬 수 있다.
Impact of Cigarette Smoking: a 3-Year Clinical Outcome of Vasospastic Angina Patients
Byoung Geol Choi,Seung-Woon Rha,Taeshik Park,Se Yeon Choi,Jae Kyeong Byun,Min Suk Shim,Shaopeng Xu,Hu Li,Sang-Ho Park,Ji Young Park,Woong Gil Choi,Yun-Hyeong Cho,이선기,Jin Oh Na,Cheol Ung Choi,Hong Euy 대한심장학회 2016 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.46 No.5
However, it is largely unknown whether smoking adds to any long-term clinical risk in VSA patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 2797 patients without significant CAD underwent acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test between November 2004 and October 2010. Patients were divided into three groups, based on the presence of coronary artery spasm (CAS) and smoking habits (non-CAS group: n=1188, non-smoking CAS group: n=1214, smoking CAS group: n=395). All CAS patients were prescribed with anti-anginal medications for at least 6 months. The incidence of major clinical outcomes and recurrent angina of these groups were compared up to 3 years. Results: There were considerable differences in the baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics among the three groups, but there was no difference in the endpoints among the three groups (including individual and composite hard endpoints) such as death, myocardial infarction, de novo percutaneous coronary intervention, cerebrovascular accident, and major adverse cardiac events. However, there was a higher incidence of recurrent angina in both the non-smoking CAS group and smoking CAS group, as compared to the nonCAS group. In multivariable adjusted Cox-proportional hazards regression analysis, smoking CAS group exhibited a higher incidence of recurrent angina compared with the non-CAS group (hazard ratio [HR]; 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.46-4.14, p=0.001) and nonsmoking CAS group (HR; 1.76, 95% CI; 1.08-2.87, p=0.021). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking CAS group exhibited higher incidence of recurrent angina during the 3-year clinical follow-up compared with both the non-CAS group and non-smoking CAS group. Quitting of smoking, paired with intensive medical therapy and close clinical follow-up, can help to prevent recurrent angina.