Composition of vitamin B6 vitamers in fruits and vegetables

Yu-Jeong Gwak,Jeong Kim,Jiyeon Chun 한국산업식품공학회 2021 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2021 No.10

역상 HPLC-자외선 및 형광검출기를 이용한 국내 수산자원의 비타민 B₁, B₂ 및 B₃ 분석 및 검증

정보미(Bomi Jeong),박수진(Su-Jin Park),박예은(Ye-Eun Park),곽유정(Yu-Jeong Gwak),김정(Jeong Kim),윤나영(Na-Young Yoon),김연계(Yeon-Kye Kim),천지연(Jiyeon Chun) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.12

본 연구는 국내 수산자원에 대하여 HPLC-PDA와 HPLCFLD 분석법을 이용한 수용성 비타민 B₁, B₂ 및 B₃ 활성을 나타내는 thiamin, FAD, FMN, riboflavin, nicotinic acid 및 nicotinamide 6종 분석에 대한 분석법 검증과 분석품질관리를 수행하고, 검증된 분석법을 적용하여 수산자원 20종에 대한 신뢰도가 확보된 비타민 B₁, B₂ 및 B₃ 데이터베이스를 구축하고자 수행되었다. 수산자원의 수용성 비타민 분석법 검증은 분석수행지표(특이성, 직선성, 민감성, 정확성 및 정밀성)를 이용하여 평가하였다. 비타민 B₁과 B₃의 표준용액과 수산자원 시료를 분석 비교한 결과 PDA spectrum과 HPLC retention time이 모두 일치하여 분석의 특이성을 확인하였다. 비타민 B₁, B₂ 및 B₃ 모든 성분에서 넓은 범위에서의 분석 직선성(R²=0.9989~1.0000)이 확인되었다. 비타민 B₁(thiamin)의 LOQ는 0.0010 ㎎/100 g을 보였으며, 비타민 B₂(FAD, FMN, riboflavin)의 LOQ는 각각 0.00014, 0.00006, 0.00001 ㎎/100 g을 나타내었다. 또한, 비타민 B₃(nicotinic acid와 nicotinamide)의 LOQ는 각각 0.0008과 0.0021 ㎎/100 g을 나타내어 수산자원의 낮은 수준으로 존재하는 수용성 비타민을 정량 가능한 것으로 확인되었다. 표준참고물질 SRM을 이용한 회수율 측정 결과 98.5~105.8%로 높은 수준을 보였으며, 비타민 B₁의 반복성과 재현성은 각각 5.4%와 8.0%, 비타민 B₂는 각각 3.5%와 4.2%, 비타민 B₃는 각각 3.1%와 5.9%를 나타내어 분석법의 정확성과 정밀성의 우수함이 확인되었다. 수산자원 20종의 비타민 B₁, B₂ 및 B₃ 함량은 각각 0.00~0.84, 0.05~0.47 및 0.00~11.96 ㎎/100 g의 범위를 나타냈으며, 수산자원 6군으로부터의 thiamin, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, FAD, FMN 및 riboflavin 6종 분석 회수율은 79.9~120.1%의 범위를 나타냈는데, 이는 AOAC 가이드라인에서 제시하는 수용범위 수준을 충족하는 것으로 확인되었다. 내부 분석품질 관리도표와 외부 분석 숙련도 시험 결과를 통해 우수한 숙련도와 분석품질이 분석 전 기간 관리하에 진행되었음이 확인되어 분석 데이터의 신뢰성이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 분석한 수산자원 20종의 비타민 B₁, B₂ 및 B₃ 분석 데이터는 국내 수산자원 데이터베이스 구축을 위한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, HPLC/PDA를 이용한 비타민 B₁과 B₃ 동시분석법과 HPLC/FLD를 이용한 비타민 B₂ 분석법은 향후 국내 다양한 수산자원 분석에 확대 적용하여 국가영양성분 데이터베이스 구축에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to validate simultaneous analyses using reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detection for vitamin B₁ (thiamin) and B₃ (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) and HPLC-fluorescence detection for vitamin B₂ (flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), riboflavin 5′-monophosphate (FMN), and riboflavin) in seafood. The validated methods were applied for the analysis of B1~3 vitamers in 20 kinds of seafood (4 fish, 3 crustaceans, 3 sea algae, 3 cephalopods, 4 shellfish, and 3 others). The quantification limits (㎎/100 g) of the vitamin analyses were 0.0010 ㎎/100 g for thiamin, 0.0007∼0.0021 ㎎/100 g for FAD, FMN, and riboflavin, and 0.00001∼0.00014 ㎎/100 g for nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, with the lowest for riboflavin. Recovery of thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, and nicotinamide from standard reference materials 1849a and 3290 was 98.5∼105.8%, whereas it showed a wide range of 79.9∼120.1% for B1∼3 vitamers from seafood. Specifically, FMN was found to give the lowest (from mussel) and the highest (from Pacific herring) recoveries, which were acceptable as per official guidelines. Analyses of B1~3 vitamers showed coefficient variations of 3.1~5.4% for repeatability and 4.2∼8.0% for reproducibility, showing good precision. Total vitamin B₁, B₂, and B₃ content (㎎/100 g) of 20 types of seafood were 0.00∼0.84, 0.05∼0.47, and 0.00∼11.96, respectively. Nicotinic acid was detected in most types of seafood, whereas nicotinamide was found in only four. B₂ vitamers were observed in all seafood. The z-scores of proficiency tests for vitamin B1∼3 analyses were within ±2, indicating excellent proficiency. This study provides reliable analysis data on B₁, B₂, and B₃ vitamers of seafood, which would be used to update the national nutrient food composition table.

Initial clinical outcomes of proton beam radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Yu, Jeong Il,Yoo, Gyu Sang,Cho, Sungkoo,Jung, Sang Hoon,Han, Youngyih,Park, Seyjoon,Lee, Boram,Kang, Wonseok,Sinn, Dong Hyun,Paik, Yong-Han,Gwak, Geum-Youn,Choi, Moon Seok,Lee, Joon Hyeok,Koh, Kwang C The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the initial outcomes of proton beam therapy (PBT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in terms of tumor response and safety. Materials and Methods: HCC patients who were not indicated for standard curative local modalities and who were treated with PBT at Samsung Medical Center from January 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled. Toxicity was scored using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Tumor response was evaluated using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Results: A total of 101 HCC patients treated with PBT were included. Patients were treated with an equivalent dose of $62-92GyE_{10}$. Liver function status was not significantly affected after PBT. Greater than 80% of patients had Child-Pugh class A and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade 1 up to 3-months after PBT. Of 78 patients followed for three months after PBT, infield complete and partial responses were achieved in 54 (69.2%) and 14 (17.9%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: PBT treatment of HCC patients showed a favorable infield complete response rate of 69.2% with acceptable acute toxicity. An additional follow-up study of these patients will be conducted.

Initial clinical outcomes of proton beam radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Jeong Il Yu,Gyu Sang Yoo,Sungkoo Cho,Sang Hoon Jung,Youngyih Han,Seyjoon Park,Boram Lee,Wonseok Kang,Dong Hyun Sinn,Yong-Han Paik,Geum-Youn Gwak,Moon Seok Choi,Joon Hyeok Lee,Kwang Cheol Koh,Seung Woo 대한방사선종양학회 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the initial outcomes of proton beam therapy (PBT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in terms of tumor response and safety. Materials and Methods: HCC patients who were not indicated for standard curative local modalities and who were treated with PBT at Samsung Medical Center from January 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled. Toxicity was scored using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Tumor response was evaluated using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Results: A total of 101 HCC patients treated with PBT were included. Patients were treated with an equivalent dose of 62–92 GyE 10 . Liver function status was not significantly affected after PBT. Greater than 80% of patients had Child-Pugh class A and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade 1 up to 3-months after PBT. Of 78 patients followed for three months after PBT, infield complete and partial responses were achieved in 54 (69.2%) and 14 (17.9%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: PBT treatment of HCC patients showed a favorable infield complete response rate of 69.2% with acceptable acute toxicity. An additional follow-up study of these patients will be conducted.

Emergency department laparotomy for patients with severe abdominal trauma: a retrospective study at a single regional trauma center in Korea

Yu Jin Lee,Soon Tak Jeong,Joongsuck Kim,Kwanghee Yeo,Ohsang Kwon,Kyounghwan Kim,Sung Jin Park,Jihun Gwak,Wu Seong Kang The Korean Society of Traumatology 2024 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

Purpose: Severe abdominal injuries often require immediate clinical assessment and surgical intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. In Jeju Regional Trauma Center, we have instituted a protocol for emergency department (ED) laparotomy at the trauma bay. We investigated the mortality and time taken from admission to ED laparotomy. Methods: We reviewed the data recorded in our center's trauma database between January 2020 and December 2022 and identified patients who underwent laparotomy because of abdominal trauma. Laparotomies that were performed at the trauma bay or the ED were classified as ED laparotomy, whereas those performed in the operating room (OR) were referred to as OR laparotomy. In cases that required expeditious hemostasis, ED laparotomy was performed appropriately. Results: From January 2020 to December 2022, 105 trauma patients admitted to our hospital underwent emergency laparotomy. Of these patients, six (5.7%) underwent ED laparotomy. ED laparotomy was associated with a mortality rate of 66.7% (four of six patients), which was significantly higher than that of OR laparotomy (17.1%, 18 of 99 patients, P=0.006). All the patients who received ED laparotomy also underwent damage control laparotomy. The time between admission to the first laparotomy was significantly shorter in the ED laparotomy group (28.5 minutes; interquartile range [IQR], 14-59 minutes) when compared with the OR laparotomy group (104 minutes; IQR, 88-151 minutes; P<0.001). The two patients who survived after ED laparotomy had massive mesenteric bleeding, which was successfully ligated. The other four patients, who had liver laceration, kidney rupture, spleen injury, and pancreas avulsion, succumbed to the injuries. Conclusions: Although ED laparotomy was associated with a higher mortality rate, the time between admission and ED laparotomy was markedly shorter than for OR laparotomy. Notably, major mesenteric hemorrhages were effectively controlled through ED laparotomy.

Postoperative outcomes of purely laparoscopic donor hepatectomy compared to open living donor hepatectomy: a preliminary observational study

Yu Jeong Bang,Joo Hyun Jun,Mi Sook Gwak,Justin Sangwook Ko,Jong Man Kim,Gyu Seong Choi,Jae Won Joh,Gaab Soo Kim 대한외과학회 2021 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.100 No.4

Purpose: To lessen the physical, cosmetic, and psychological burden of donors, purely laparoscopic donor hepatectomy (PLDH) has been proposed as an ideal method for living donors. Our study aimed to prospectively compare the effect of PLDH and 2 other types of open living donor hepatectomy (OLDH) on postoperative pain and recovery. Methods: Sixty donors scheduled to undergo donor hepatectomy between March 2015 and November 2017 were included. Donors were divided into 3 groups by surgical technique: OLDH with a subcostal incision (n = 20), group S; OLDH with an upper midline incision (n = 20), group M; and PLDH (n = 20), group L. The primary outcomes were postoperative pain and analgesic requirement during postoperative day (POD) 3. Other variables regarding postoperative recovery were also analyzed. Results: Although pain relief during POD 3, assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) score and analgesic requirement, was similar among the 3 groups, group L showed lower VAS scores and opioid requirements than group M. Moreover, group L was associated with a rapid postoperative recovery evidenced by the shorter hospital length of stay and more frequent return to normal activity on POD 30. Conclusion: This pilot study failed to verify the hypothesis that PLDH reduces postoperative pain. PLDH did not reduce postoperative pain but showed faster recovery than OLDH.

Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Content in Commercial Noodle Dishes Consumed as Home Meal Replacement in Korea

Jeong Kim,Yu-Jeong Gwak,Jiyeon Chun 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Vitamin B12 (cobalamins), one of the B vitamins, involves in important metabolism of all cells of the human body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of vitamin B12 content in commercial noodle dishes consumed as Home Meal Replacement (HMR) in Korea. Vitamin B12 in fourteen kinds of HMR noodles was analyzed as cyanocobalamin by using α-amylase enzyme extraction coupled with immunoaffinity HPLC/DAD. The recovery of vitamin B12 analysis was 104.3%, indicating good accuracy. Coefficient variations of repeatability and reproducibility for vitamin B12 analysis were 3.1% and 4.7%, respectively, showing good precision. The limit of detection and quantification of vitamin B12 analysis were 0.008 and 0.021 μg/100 g, respectively. Vitamin B12 of samples ranged from 0.00 (Mara tantanmyeon) to 0.65 μg/100 g (Tomb-Yang-Kung Yokai Ramen). The intake of vitamin B12 by commercial noodle dishes would meet 0.0-27.2% of the recommended daily amount of vitamin B12 (2.4 μg/day). This study provides reliable data on vitamin B12 variation of commercial noodles, which would be useful in evaluating the level of vitamin B12 intake through HMR dishes in Korea.

Sustained Efficacy of Adjuvant Immunotherapy with Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Extended Follow-Up Study

( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Joon Hyeok Lee ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Tae-jin Song ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Geum-youn Gwak ),( Kang Mo Kim ),( Young Youn Cho ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Jae Wo 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: A previous randomized controlled trial demonstrated that adjuvant immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells prolonged both recurrence-free and overall survivals of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving curative treatment. We investigated whether the efficacy of CIK cell immunotherapy might be sustained after cessation of repeated transfer of CIK cells. Methods: We performed a follow-up study of our multicenter, randomized trial reported in 2015. We included 226 patients: 114 patients in the immunotherapy group (injection of 6.4 ×10⁹ CIK cells, 16 times during 60 weeks) and 112 patients in the control group (no treatment) after potentially curative treatments for HCC. Among them, 162 patients (89 of the immunotherapy group and 73 of controls) underwent extended follow-up until 60 months after randomization of the last patient. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS); secondary endpoints included overall survival and cancer- specific survival. Results: The median follow-up duration was 68.5 (interquartile range, 45.0-82.2) months. During follow-up, the immunotherapy group maintained a significantly lower risk of recurrence or death (hazard ratio [HR] with immunotherapy was 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.94; P=.009 by one-sided log-rank test). The 5-year RFS rate was 44.8% in the immunotherapy group and 33.1% in the control group (Figure 1). HRs were also lower in the immunotherapy than control group for all-cause death (0.33; 95% CI, 0.15-0.76; P=.006) and cancer-related death (0.33; 95% CI, 0.13-0.86; P=.02). Conclusions: In patients who underwent curative treatment for HCC, significant gain in recurrence-free and overall survival by adjuvant CIK cell immunotherapy was maintained for over 5 years. Clinical- Trials.gov number: NCT01890291.

대학생들의 알코올사용장애(AUDIT-K)와 인식도

이유진(Yu-Jin Lee),최혜선(Hye-Sun Choi),김연빈(Yeon Bin Kim),박지인(Ji-In Park),한소연(So-Heon Han),장진수(Jin-Su Jang),곽승훈(Seung-Hun Gwak),김희정(Hee-Jeong Kim),김은엽(Eun-Yeob Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

본 논문은 대학생들의 알코올사용장애(AUDIT-K)와 인식도를 조사하였다. 1개 지역 대학교를 대상으 로 연구를 진행하였다. 남성의 경우 알코올사용장애 선별결검사 결과 정상음주군은 8명 57.1%, 위험 음주군 4명 28.6%, 알코올 사용장애 추정군 1명 7.1%, 여성은 정상 음주군 25명 43.1%, 위험 음주군 9 명 15.5%, 알코올 사용장애 추정군 23명 98.3%를 나타냈다. 남성은 ‘술을 마시면 용기가 생긴다’고 정 상음주군은 평균 1.50±0.92, 위험 음주군은 3.00±1.82, 알코올 사용장애 추정군은 4.00±0.00으로 알코올 의존도가 높은 군일수록 술을 마시면 용기가 생긴다고 응답하였다. 여성은 ‘술을 마시면 용기가 생긴 다’고 정상음주군은 평균2.14±1.12, 위험 음주군은 2.56±1.01 알코올 사용장애 추정군은 3.13±0.96로 알 코올 의존도가 높은 군일수록 술을 마시면 용기가 생긴다고 응답하였다. 남성은 ‘술에 취해 소지품을 잃어 버린 적이 있는가’ 조사한 결과 정상음주군은 평균 12.5%, 위험 음주군은 33.3%, 알코올 사용장 애 추정군은 100.0%가 소지품을 잃어버린 경험이 있다고 하였다. 여성은 ‘술에 취해 소지품을 잃어 버 린 적이 있는가’ 조사한 결과 정상음주군은 평균 13.0%, 위험 음주군은 44.4%, 알코올 사용장애 추정 군은 65.2%가 소지품을 잃어버린 경험이 있다고 하였다. 이처럼 대학생의 시기에도 알코올 사용장애 현상이 높게 보이고 있는 현실에서 일개학교를 대상으로 대다수를 조사한 결과는 아니지만 올바른 음 주문화 정착과 교육이 필요할 것이라 생각된다. 또한, 이를 위하여 적극적인 절주 및 올바른 음주문화 정착을 위하여 홍보와 교육이 진행되어야 할 것이다.

국내 다소비 베이커리 제품의 레티놀, 베타카로틴, 토코페롤, 토코트리에놀 및 엽산 수준 평가

김정(Jeong Kim),곽유정(Yu-Jeong Gwak),천지연(Jiyeon Chun) 한국식품과학회 2022 한국식품과학회지 Vol.54 No.6

본 연구는 국내 다소비 베이커리류 26종의 비타민 A, 비타민 E 및 엽산 수준을 분석 및 검증하여 국가식품성분 데이터베이스 구축을 위한 자료로 제공하였다. 베이커리류의 비타민 A와 비타민 E 분석을 위한 saponification-HPLC법(각각 DAD 및 FLD 검출), 엽산 분석을 위한 trienzyme-L. casei 분석법을 직선성, 검출한계, 정량한계, 정확성 및 정밀성 평가를 통해 검증하였으며 분석기간 동안 품질관리를 수행하였다. 분석법의 정밀성과 정확성은 비타민 A, E 및 엽산 모두 AOAC 가이드라인에 충족하는 우수한 수준으로 평가되었다. HPLC로 분석한 비타민 A와 E의 검출한계 및 정량한계는 낮은 수준을 보여 미량 수준에 적용할수 있는 검출법으로 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 다소비 베이커리류 26종의 비타민 A는 0.00-153.71 μg RAE, 비타민 E 0.42-5.62 mg α-TE, 엽산 3.30-47.48 μg/100 g의 범위를 나타내어 베이커리 제품에 사용되는 식물성 및 동물성 원료에 따라 비타민 함량 분포가 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 분석법 검증과 품질관리 결과를 통해 데이터의 신뢰도를 확보하여 본 연구에서 생산된 다소비 베이커리 제품 26종의 비타민 A, E 및 엽산에 대한 영양정보는 국가식품성분 데이터베이스로 활용 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Bakery products are a staple food worldwide. However, information regarding its trace vitamin content is limited. In this study, the vitamin A (retinol and β-carotene), B<SUB>9</SUB> (folate) and E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) contents of 26 different types of bakery products commonly consumed in Korea were analyzed. Vitamin A and E were determined using HPLC-PDA and HPLC-FLD respectively, while vitamin B9 (folate) was quantified using a trienzyme-L. casei assay. Vitamin A content ranged from 0.00 to 153.71 μg RAE. Vitamin E content ranged from 0.42 to 5.62 mg α-TE, and folate content ranged from 3.30 to 47.48 μg/100 g, depending on the ingredients of the bakery products. Moreover, based on the verification of the applied analytical methods, the HPLC and microbiological assays showed excellent accuracy (>95% recovery) and precision (both repeatability and reproducibility: <5% RSD). The results of this study can provide a reliable data for the National Food Ingredient Database.