Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interactive Play for Children During Intravenous Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hsu Mei-Feng,Whu Yew-Wha,Lin I-Chen,Liu Chieh-Yu,Lai Fei-Chen,Liu Pei-Ching,Chen Chi-Wen 한국간호과학회 2022 Asian Nursing Research Vol.16 No.2

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive virtual reality (VR) play intervention including instructional play and emotional catharsis play sessions in reducing children's pain and fear during intravenous placement. Methods A randomized controlled trial with parallel groups was conducted. The sample consisted of 134 hospitalized children aged 6–12 years (intervention group: n = 69; comparison group: n = 65). The intervention involved one immersive intravenous scene in VR before the actual intravenous placement and one emotional catharsis VR play after injection. The comparison group received an educational photo book about intravenous placement before receiving intravenous placement. The children and their caregivers rated their pain and fear by using the Wong–Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and the Children's Fear Scale. The time required for successful intravenous insertion was also compared between the two groups. Results Children's pain (p = .028) and fear scores (p = .004) were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the comparison group. Their caregivers' pain and fear scores (both p < .001) were significantly lower in the intervention group. The time required for successful intravenous insertion did not differ significantly between the intervention and comparison groups. Conclusions The interactive play intervention with VR effectively reduced children's levels of pain and fear during the intravenous placement procedure. The results of this study can serve as a reference for the implementation of a feasible, child-friendly care practice for clinical intravenous placement in school-aged children.

Interleukin-20 targets podocytes and is upregulated in experimental murine diabetic nephropathy

Yu-Hsiang Hsu,Hsing-Hui Li,Junne-Ming Sung,Wei-Yu Chen,Ya-Chin Hou,Yun-Han Weng,Wei-Ting Lai,Chih-Hsing Wu,Ming-Shi Chang 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Interleukin (IL)-20, a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-10 family, is involved in acute and chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of IL-20 during diabetic nephropathy development. We found that IL-20 and its receptor IL-20R1 were upregulated in the kidneys of mice and rats with STZ-induced diabetes. In vitro, IL-20 induced MMP-9, MCP-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF expression in podocytes. IL-20 was upregulated by hydrogen peroxide, high-dose glucose and TGF-β1. In addition, IL-20 induced apoptosis in podocytes by activating caspase-8. In STZ-induced early diabetic nephropathy, IL-20R1-deficient mice had lower blood glucose and serum BUN levels and a smaller glomerular area than did wild-type controls. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody (7E) treatment reduced blood glucose and the glomerular area and improved renal functions in mice in the early stage of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy. ELISA showed that the serum IL-20 level was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls. The findings of this study suggest that IL-20 induces cell apoptosis of podocytes and plays a role in the pathogenesis of early diabetic nephropathy.

Design and Implementation of Multi-Level LLC Maximum Power Tracking PV System under Partial Shading Condition

Yu-Kai Chen,Yi-Chen Lai,Hong-Wen Hsu,Jui-Yang Chiu 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

This paper presents the design and implementation of multi-level LLC DC/DC PV system with MPPT. The multi-level LLC converters include six LLC modules to supply  380V output voltage. LLC converter is adopted to achieve high efficiency because the low switching loss. The perturb in frequency is proposed to implement the global MPPT control algorithm for the PV system under partial shading condition. A 6kW MPPT prototype is implemented and verified the proposed control method for multi-level LLC DC/DC PV system.

The seasonal detection of AcSBV (Apis cerana sacbrood virus) prevalence in Taiwan

Yu-Shin Nai,Chong-Yu Ko,Pei-Shou Hsu,Wen-Shi Tsai,Yue-Wen Chen,Meng-Hao Hsu,I-Hsin Sung 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

The epizootic disease caused by Apis cerana sacbrood virus (AcSBV) occurred in Eastern hive bee, A. cerana, since2015 in Taiwan. A large-scale survey of this disease from September and December 2016 in Taiwan was performedincluding symptom check and molecular identification in honey bees of A. cerana hives and several A. mellifera hives, which were co-cultured with A. cerana. Based on the nucleotide sequences of partial VP1, thephylogenetic analysis with those of the known AcSBV isolates revealed that most of AcSBV isolates from Taiwanwere closely relative to SBV-FZ and -JL isolates from China, whereas only one sample (N15-5-1) was in a distinctcluster, which was closely relative to SBV-LN from China too. The AcSBV prevalence was occurring in A. ceranahives in most areas of Taiwan except for those in Hualien and Pingtung Counties in Taiwan. Notably, the AcSBVprevalence rate showed the temporal increase from 47.1% to 69.6% within 4 months. In addition, 37.5% ofAcSBV prevalence rate was found in A. mellifera hives. It showed that A. mellifera was also susceptible to AcSBVinfection. The present results would provide the information on the epidemiology and for prospective research.

Risk factor analysis of coexisting endometrial carcinoma in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: a retrospective observational study of Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group

Yu-Li Chen,Kung-Liahng Wang,Min-Yu Chen,Mu-Hsien Yu,Chen-Hsuan Wu,Yu-Min Ke,Yi-Jen Chen,Yin-Yi Chang,Keng-Fu Hsu,Ming-Shyen Yen 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.1

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome and parameters related to coexisting endometrial carcinoma in women with tissuediagnosed endometrial hyperplasia. Methods: Between January 1991 and December 2009, three hundred and eighty-six patients with the presumptive diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia were retrieved. Among these, one hundred and twenty-five patients were identified as having coexisting endometrial carcinoma in hysterectomy specimens. The three hundred and eighty-six patients were divided into two groups: the hyperplasia-benign group (261 cases) and the hyperplasia-malignant group (125 cases). Several clinical parameters including age, menopausal status, history of abnormal uterine bleeding, obstetrical history, medical history of diabetes and hypertension, BMI, and preoperative pathologic results were investigated. Results: Age ≥53 (odds ratio [OR], 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 4.57), menopausal status (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.14to 3.76), diabetes history (OR, 7.33; 95% CI, 2.79 to 19.26), abnormal uterine bleeding (OR, 3.99; 95% CI, 1.22 to 13.02), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (OR, 7.38; 95% CI, 4.03 to 13.49), and body mass index ≥27 (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.76 to 5.97) were independent risk factors for prediction of endometrial hyperplasia coexisting with endometrial carcinoma. The diagnostic efficacy of atypical endometrial hyperplasia to predict the endometrial hyperplasia coexisting with endometrial carcinoma was better than or similar to those of other independent factors and combinations of these factors. Conclusion: Coexisting malignancy should be considered when examining endometrial hyperplasia patients with the related risk factors, especially atypical endometrial hyperplasia.

Protective Effect of Millettia reticulata Benth Against $CCl_4$-Induced Hepatic Damage and Inflammatory Action in Rats

Hsu, Chien-Chen,Hsu, Chin-Lin,Tsai, Shao-En,Fu, Timothy Yu-Chi,Yen, Gow-Chin The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4

The effects of the water extracts of Millettia reticulata Benth (WEMRB) and its active compound (protocatechuic acid [PCA]) on acute hepatic injury and inflammation in $CCl_4$-induced Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with WEMRB or PCA for 28 consecutive days, and then the rats were given an intraperitoneal injection with $CCl_4$. Pretreatment with WEMRB or PCA significantly lowered the $CCl_4$-induced serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (aspartate and alanine aminotransferases). Liver histopathology showed that WEMRB reduced the incidence of cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis induced by $CCl_4$ in rats. Pretreatment with WEMRB also showed anti-inflammation on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and myeloperoxidase, as well as nitrite and nitrate levels in the $CCl_4$-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. The results suggest that oral administration of WEMRB decreases the hepatotoxic effects by increasing glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme activity, thereby reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in $CCl_4$-induced Sprague-Dawley rats.

The Linkage Between Issue Ownership Perception and Campaign Advertising: A Case Study of the 2012 Taiwan Presidential Election

Yu, Eric Chen-hua,Hsu, Pei-chen Center for Asian Public Opinion ResearchCollaborat 2019 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.7 No.1

Assuming that a political party has a strong incentive to gain votes via issue setting as part of its campaign strategy, this study utilized a Web experimental survey to explore the extent to which three issue-related campaign advertising strategies - namely, issue ownership, issue convergence, and issue trespassing - affected voters' perceptions toward parties' issue-handling capabilities. Our empirical results show that issue ownership perceptions exist in Taiwan. In the 2012 Taiwan presidential election, as issue ownership advertisements may reinforce voters' beliefs regarding parties' issue-handling capabilities, issue trespassing advertising may improve a party's image on the disadvantageous issue dimension. At least our data shows that the Kuomintang's (KMT) advertisements have both effects.

To control floating drug delivery system in a simulated gastric environment by adjusting the Shell layer formulation

Yu-Tung Hsu,Chen-Yu Kao,Ming-Hua Ho,Shiao-Pieng Lee 한국생체재료학회 2021 생체재료학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Background: Gastroretentive drug delivery system (GDDS) are novel systems that have been recently developed for treating stomach diseases. The key function of all GDDS systems is to control the retention time in the stomach. However, research into the bulk density or entanglement of polymers, especially regarding their effects on drug float and release times, is scarce. Methods: In this research, we prepared the floating core-shell beads carrying tetracycline. The ratio of chitosan and xanthan gum in the shell layer was changed to modify polymer compactness. Tetracycline was encapsulated in the alginate core. Results: Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, we observed that the shell formulation did not change the bead morphology. The cross-sectional images showed that the beads were highly porous. The interaction between anionic xanthan gum and cationic chitosan made the shell layer dense, resisting to the mass transfer in the shell layer. Due to the high mass transfer resistance to water penetration, the longer float and delivery time were caused by the dense surface of the beads. The cell culture demonstrated that floating core-shell beads were biocompatible. Importantly, the beads with tetracycline showed a significant prolonged anti-bacterial effect. Conclusion: Research results proved that the floating and releasing progress of core-shell beads can be well controlled by adjusting the shell layer formulation that could promote the function of gastroretentive drugs.

Protective Effect of Millettia reticulata Benth Against CCl4-Induced Hepatic Damage and Inflammatory Action in Rats

Chien-Chen Hsu,Chin-Lin Hsu,Shao-En Tsai,Timothy Yu-Chi Fu,Gow-Chin Yen 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4

The effects of the water extracts of Millettia reticulata Benth (WEMRB) and its active compound (protocatechuic acid [PCA]) on acute hepatic injury and inflammation in CCl4-induced Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with WEMRB or PCA for 28 consecutive days, and then the rats were given an intraperitoneal injection with CCl4. Pretreatment with WEMRB or PCA significantly lowered the CCl4-induced serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (aspartate and alanine aminotransferases). Liver histopathology showed that WEMRB reduced the incidence of cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis induced by CCl4 in rats. Pretreatment with WEMRB also showed anti-inflammation on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and myeloperoxidase, as well as nitrite and nitrate levels in the CCl4-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. The results suggest that oral administration of WEMRB decreases the hepatotoxic effects by increasing glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme activity, thereby reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in CCl4-induced Sprague-Dawley rats.

Influences of Three Oidiodendron maius Isolates and Two Inorganic Nitrogen Sources on the Growth of Rhododendron kanehirae

Lei-Chen Lin,Wan-Rou Lin,Yu-Chen Hsu,Hung-Yu Pan 한국원예학회 2020 원예과학기술지 Vol.38 No.5

Rhododendron kanehirae Wilson is an endemic species of Taiwan that is listed as extinct in the wild by the Red List of Vascular Plants of Taiwan. R. kanehirae seedlings can form mycorrhizae with the ericoid mycobiont Oidiodendron maius. A completely randomized experimental design was conducted to investigate the effects of three different O. maius isolates (strains CBS110450, RhYM3, and RooDK1) as well as nitrate and ammonium (inorganic nitrogen) on the growth of R. kanehirae by evaluating height and shoot, root, and total fresh weight. Three isolates of O. maius showed different colony morphology and growth rate, which was further verified by molecular analysis. The results showed that application of ammonium fertilizer improved the height and shoot, root, and total fresh weight of all of the R. kanehirae seedlings. Among them, seedlings inoculated with RhYM3 had the highest fresh weights and heights. By applying an appropriate amount of nitrogen combined with RhYM3 inoculation, the rhizome of R. kanehirae grew well. The information provided here is crucial for the conservation of R. kanehirae, as this species is on the verge of extinction.