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Situations and Roles: “Danmu” (Comment-Barrage) Culture in Media Situation
An Yan,Jian Zhi Cai 중앙대학교 영상콘텐츠융합연구소 2018 TechArt :Journal of Arts and Imaging Science Vol.5 No.1
Mobile Web has become the most influential technology in this era, owing to which, IoE (Internet of Everything) is virtually materialized, which enables a single medium to carry various information and construct situations for experiencing, linking and interacting for social networking, media playing, gaming, shopping and educational apps. It also connects the Small Worlds, in Duncan J. Watts’ words. In this new interactive system, informational flows are bilateral, which means individuals not only just take in information but also give out their views and emotional feelings on the Net. They express themselves and interact with each other, further defining their new social roles online. This paper, a research on the basis of Meyrowitz’s “situational approach”, attempts to inquire the connotation of the word “situation” under the context of IoE era, and then study the impacts of “danmu” on Internet users’ behaviors and social roles.
Qiong Luo,Zhuoneng Li,Jun Yan,Fan Zhu,Ruo-Jun Xu,Yi-Zhong Cai1 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are important functional constituents in red-colored fruits of L. barbarum (Guo Qi Zi, a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal plant commonly known as Goji berry or wolfberry). The influence of LBP on human prostate cancer cells was systematically investigated in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro effects of LBP on two cell lines (PC-3 and DU-145) were examined by using trypan blue exclusion staining, single-cell gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry, terminal dUTP nick-end labeling assay, and immunohistochemical assay (assessment of Bcl-2 and Bax expression). The in vivo effect of LBP on PC-3 cells was assessed in the nude mouse xenograft tumor model. The in vitro results showed that LBP can dose- and time-dependently inhibit the growth of both PC-3 and DU-145 cells. LBP caused the breakage of DNA strands of PC-3 and DU-145 cells; the tail frequency and tail length were significantly higher than that of control cells. LBP also markedly induced PC-3 and DU-145 cell apoptosis, with the highest apoptosis rates at 41.5% and 35.5%, respectively. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax protein expression following LBP treatments decreased significantly with a dose–effect relationship, which suggested that LBP can regulate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax to induce apoptosis of PC-3 and DU-145 cells. The in vivo experimental results indicate that LBP might significantly inhibit PC-3 tumor growth in nude mice. Both the tumor volume and weight of the LBP treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group.
The Influence of Nozzles on Bottomhole Flow Field of Dual-diameter PDC Bit
Yan Yan,Zhichuan Guan,Cai Yang,Han Yan 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1
In order to improve cleaning efficiency of dual-diameter PDC bit, the total flow area, inclination angle and azimuth angle of bit’s pilot and reaming nozzles were analyzed. By numerical simulation, the velocity, pressure and particle distribution of bottomhole are obtained. The results show that low pressure area of pilot downhole decreases while low pressure of reamer downhole increases with the increase of total flow area. The mud velocity of central bottomhole has the negative relationship with inclination angle and positive relationship with azimuth angle. Best cleaning efficiency can be achieved when total flow area is 12 ㎠, inclination angles of pilot and reamer are respectively 15° and 25°, and azimuth angles of pilot and reamer are respectively 60° and 30°.
Crocetin Induces Cytotoxicity in Colon Cancer Cells Via p53-independent Mechanisms
Li, Cai-Yan,Huang, Wen-Feng,Wang, Qun-Li,Wang, Fan,Cai, E.,Hu, Bing,Du, Jia-Cheng,Wang, Jing,Chen, Rong,Cai, Xiao-Jing,Feng, Jing,Li, Hui-Hui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8
Objective: Crocin has been proposed as a promising candidate for cancer chemoprevention. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the chemopreventive action and the possible mechanisms of crocin against human colon cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Cell proliferation was examined using MTT assay and the cell cycle distribution fractions were analyzed using fow cytometric analysis after propidium iodide staining. Apoptosis was detected using theTUNEL Apoptosis Detection Kit with laser scanning confocal microscope. DNA damage was assessed using the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay, while expression levels of p53, cdk2, cyclinA and P21 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: Treatment of SW480 cells with crocetin (0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mmol/L) for 48 h signifcantly inhibited their proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Crocetin (0.8 mmol/L) signifcantly induced cell cycle arrest through p53-independent mechanisms accompanied by P21 induction. Crocetin (0.8 mmol/L) caused cytotoxicity in the SW480 cells by enhancing apoptosis and decreasing DNA repair capacity in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: This report provides evidence that crocetin is a potential anticancer agent, which may be used as a chemotherapeutic drug.
Antimicrobial glycoalkaloids from the tubers of Stephania succifera
Yan-Bo Zeng,Dai-Jing Wei,Wen-Hua Dong,Cai-Hong Cai,De-Lan Yang,Hui-Min Zhong,Wen-Li Mei,Hao Fu Dai 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.4
Three new glycoalkaloids, N-formyl-asimilobine-2-O-b-D-glucoside (1), (-)-1-O-b-D-glucoside-8-oxotetrahydropalmatine(2), and 1-N-monomethylcarbamateargentinine-3-O-b-D-glucoside (3) were isolated fromtubers of Stephania succifera. The structures were establishedbased on spectroscopic analysis, and the antimicrobialactivities of the three glycoalkaloids are reported.
Cai, Xiao-Yan,Wang, Jia-Xing,Yi, Yong,He, Hong-Wei,Ni, Xiao-Chun,Zhou, Jian,Cheng, Yun-Feng,Jin, Jian-Jun,Fan, Jia,Qiu, Shuang-Jian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2
Objectives: TCR-gamma-delta+T cells (${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells) are non-conventional T lymphocytes that can recognize and eradicate tumor cells. Our previous studies showed that infiltration and function of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells were substantially attenuated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their prognostic value was not clarified. Methods: The association between ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells and the clinical outcomes was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a HCC patient cohort (n = 342). Results:Immunohistochemistry showed decreased infiltration of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in tumoral tissues compared with paired peritumoral tissues. The counts of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in peritumoral tissues were negatively correlated with tumor size (P = 0.005). Survival analysis showed that the levels of peritumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells were related to both time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.010 and P = 0.036, respectively) in univariate analysis, and related to TTR in multivariate analysis (P = 0.014, H.R. [95% CI] = 0.682 [0.502-0.927]). Furthermore, the level of peritumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells showed independent prognostic value for TTR in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A patients (P = 0.038, H.R. [95% CI] = 0.727 [0.537-0.984]). However, tumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells did not show independent prognostic value for either TTR or OS in HCC patients. Conclusions: Low counts of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in peritumoral liver tissue are related to a higher incidence of recurrence in HCC and can predict postoperative recurrence, especially in those with early-stage HCC.
In silico modeling of pathogenic or possibly pathogenic point mutations in PSEN2
Cai, Yan,Bagyinszky, Eva,An, Seong Soo A.,Kim, SangYun THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF TOXICOGENOMICS AND TOXICOPRP 2016 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR TOXICOLOGY Vol. No.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. 3 genes found to be involved in early-onset AD encode amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin1 (PSEN1), and presenilin2 (PSEN2). Presenilin mutations play a key role, with more than 200 mutations described for PSEN1 and approximately 40 for PSEN2. However, whether mutations cause disease or have effects on protein function is often unknown. For further study, such as genetic counseling and pathogenesis, the important thing we need do is to classify mutations into 'pathogenic' or 'not pathogenic'. Building a structural context in cell for all mutations is expensive and time consuming. In this study, we summarized substitution mutations in the PSEN2 gene and attempted to identify pathogenic mutations using Polyphen2 (polymorphism phenotyping v2), SIFT (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant), and 3-D structure analysis techniques.
An Analysis of the Precautionary Principle in the Fishery Products Dispute between Korea and Japan
Yan Cai,김은미 한국무역연구원 2019 무역연구 Vol.15 No.3
Purpose - This study aims to explore how and to what extent the precautionary principle (PP) might be applied in the WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement). Design/methodology/approach - This study conducted a case analysis on Korea-Import Bans, and Testing and Certification Requirements for Radionuclides, whose Appellate Body (AB) Report was circulated very recently on April 11, 2019. Findings - This study found that the Panel is still reluctant to allow members considerable policy space needed to operationalize the PP by taking an overly narrow approach in the interpretation of Article 5.7 of the SPS Agreement. However, the AB, overturning an earlier ruling made by the Panel for the first time in the World Trade Organization (WTO) history, sets forth its consistent position of supporting a “prudent precaution” approach. Research implications or Originality - Since the establishment of the WTO, disputes over the role of PP in the world trade law have been for a long time; however, there is still a long way to go for a well-established jurisprudence to take hold. This study suggests that it might be desirable for future panels to follow the AB’s interpretation approach and move further away from an overly narrow interpretation of the PP.