Aptamer‑linked immobilized sorbent assay for detecting GMO marker, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT)

Woo‑Ri Shin,Mun‑Jong Lee,SEKHONSIMRANJEET SINGH,Ji Hun Kim,Sun Chang Kim,Byung‑Kwan Cho,Ji‑Young Ahn,Yang‑Hoon Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Development of genetically modified crops has rapidly increased in last few years. The most widely grown GM crops express genes that confer herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. Detection system of GM crops is important for safety evaluation before its consumption. Objective The purpose of this research is to detect GM crops, especially PAT, in food-samples. Results The bar gene (PAT protein, herbicide resistant) was cloned in pGEX-4T-1 and expressed by E. coli. The high-affinity PAT-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were obtained from a random DNA library. MOE docking study was performed to identify the potential binding region of the selected aptamers on PAT. Aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay (ALISA) method was used to detect PAT. Conclusion We screened aptamer against PAT for developing an efficient detection method. The selected PAT specific aptamers, HRPA-05 and HRPA-07, showed the distinct target binding behaviors, and detected PAT protein by aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay method with high efficiency and selectivity.

전남 진도 지역어의 단모음 실현 양상

하영우 ( Ha Young-woo ),신우봉 ( Shin Woo-bong ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2018 民族文化硏究 Vol.79 No.-

이 연구는 전남 진도 지역어의 단모음 실현 양상과 특징을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 20명의 진도 토박이 화자를 대상으로 단모음 음성 자료를 구축하여 성별, 세대에 따른 단모음의 음성적 특징을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 전남 서남부에 위치한 진도 지역어의 단모음 체계는 /ㅣ, E, ㅡ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅜ, ㅗ/의 7모음 체계임을 확인하였다. 전남 방언은 대개 /ㅚ/, /ㅟ/를 단모음으로 보았으나, 진도 지역 장년층은 두 모음을 대부분 이중모음으로 조음하였다. 또한, 청년층은 모두 두 모음을 완벽하게 이중모음으로 실현하였다. 한편, 진도 지역어의 단모음 조음 위치를 분석한 결과 세대간 차이가 관찰되었다. 진도 지역 장년층 화자와 달리 청년층 화자는 /ㅡ/의 전방화, /ㅜ/의 전방화, /ㅗ/의 고모음화, /ㅓ/의 후설 저모음화로 이어지는 후설 고·중모음의 연쇄적인 조음 위치 변화가 나타났다. 청년층의 단모음 음가 변화는 진도 지역은 물론 여타의 방언권에서도 나타나는 표준어 수렴 현상의 하나이다. 이상의 실험 결과를 종합해 보면, 진도 지역 화자는 세대에 따른 단모음 체계에 차이는 없지만 개별 단모음의 음성 실현 양상에는 차이가 있다. 본고는 기존 연구와 달리 음성 자료의 직접적 분석을 바탕으로 진도 지역어의 단모음 체계를 구명한 점과 세대에 따른 조음 위치적 변화를 포착하였다는 데 의의가 있다. The aim of this study was to examine the acoustic characteristics of the monophthongs in the Jeonnam-Jindo dialect. For this purpose, the experiment was conducted and data was gathered from Jindo dialect speakers in their 10s and 5,60s. The data were analyzed on the basis of the subjects’ generation, gender. The result of production experiment was that Jindo dialect speakers have same vowel system between generations: 7 vowel system (/i, E, a, □, i, u, o/). The older generation of Jindo speakers mostly pronounce /ㅚ/ and /ㅟ/ as monophthong irrespective of sex and the young generation of Jindo speakers entirely pronounce /ㅚ/ and /ㅟ/ as monophthong. Also, we found that /Щ/, /u/ moved toward front and /o/ moved toward high in the vowel space from the Jindo speakers in their older to those in their young. And /Λ/ showed a shift in the vowel space from the back to the open vowel. The results revealed a chain-like shift in the high and mid back vowels. It is assumable that the degree of standardization appearing in the place of articulation on vowel is quite high in the Jindo dialect. Previous studies discussed the Jindo vowel system on the basis of the observations made by the researchers. The current study, on the other hand, is significant in that it investigated sound changes in vowel production throughout the vowel system and confirmed the articulation place of vowel using phonetic methods.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

타목시펜이 간세포암 세포주의 성장과 Transforming Growth Factor-β 1의 발현에 미치는 영향

신정우,정영화,박무인,김정아,최민희,이윤정,류수형,박능화,이한주,이영상,서동진,유은실 대한간학회 2003 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.9 No.1

목적: 타목시펜을 진행성 간세포암 환자에게 투여한 결과 일부에서 효과가 있었다는 보고가 있으나 타목시펜이 간세포암의 성장을 억제하는 기전은 밝혀져 있지 않다. TGF-β1은 간세포암의 성장과 분화에 관여하는 중요한 성장인자로 알려져 있으며 최근 타목시펜이 TGF-β1의 분비조절에도 관여한다는 보고들이 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 타목시펜이 간세포암의 성장과 TGF-β1의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 궁극적으로 타목시펜이 간세포암 환자에게 항암제로 사용될 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 인간 간세포암 세포주인 Hep 3B세포를 에스트로겐이 없는 RPMI 1640과 dextran coated charcoal로 처리한 5% fetal bovine serum을 혼합한 배지에서 3일 배양 후 2×10^4 세포/well로 분주하여 2일간 배양한 후 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM 농도의 타목시펜으로 처치하고 6일간 배양하였다. 매일 세포를 수집하여 trypan blue로 염색한 후 생존 세포수를 산출하였으며 상층액내 TGF-β1 농도는 ELISA법으로 측정하였다. 결과: 비교적 저 농도인 0.1 μM 타목시펜 처치군은 배양 6일째 생존 세포수가 대조군에 비해 의미 있게 증가하였다(2.59×10^6 vs 1.97×10^6, p<0.05). 생존 세포수는 타목시펜농도가 증가할수록 감소하여 10 μM 처치군은 대조군에 비해 의미있는 감소를 보였다(1.4×10^6 vs 1.97×10^6., p<0.05). 상층액내의 TGF-β1dml 분비량은 타목시펜 처치 농도와 상관없이 전 군에서 대조군에 비해 의미있게 감소하였으며 타목시펜 농도에 따른 각 군간에 차이는 없었다. 결론: 타목시펜은 실험실내에서 처치 농도에 따라 간세포암 세포주의 성장에 미치는 영향이 다양했으나, 처치 농도와 관계없이 일정한 정도로 TGF-β1의 발현을 억제하였다. 타목시펜의 이러한 효과는 생체에서 TGF-β1이 과발현된 간세포암의 성장과 진행을 억제할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 타목시펜은 TGF-β1의 발현을 조절하는 기전 이외의 다른 기전을 통해서는 간세포암의 성장을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다. Background/Aims: Tamoxifen has been tried in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, its inhibitory mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of tamoxifen on HCC cell growth and the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) which had been known as an important cytokine in growth of HCC. Methods: Hep 3B cells were cultivated in estrogen free media with 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM, and 10μM of tamoxifen for 6 days. Viable cells were counted daily and the TGF-β1 concentrations in supernatant were measured by ELISA method. Results: The number of viable HCC cells increased rather significantly after the treatment of tamoxifen of lower concentration (0.1 μM) compared with that of the control (2.57×10^7 us. 1.97×10^7; p<0.05). As the concentration of treated tamoxifen was higher, the number of viable HCC cells became gradually less, resulting in the significant decrease of it at the highest concentration (10 μM) compared with that of the control (1.40×10^7 us. 1.97×10^7; p<0.05). TGF-β1 concentration in supernatant of tamoxifen-treated samples was significantly decreased compared with those of controls, regardless of the amount of treated tamoxifen. Conclusions: These results suggest that tamoxifen may suppress TGF-β1 expression to an extent, although it has different effects on the proliferation of HCC cells, at the various concentrations of this agent in vitro. Such effects of tamoxifen on TGF-β expression may inhibit the growth and progression of HCCs over-expressing TGF-β1 in vivo.

DSP 인버터에 의한 편측식 선형 유도전동기의 비간섭제어

우정인,신동률,조용길,노인배,정영일 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1998 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.1

We proposed the speed control of the inverter-fed SLIM(Single-sided Linear Induction Motor) for conveyance system by the decoupled thrust control with DSP board. The voltage equations of SLIM are expressed on the suitable α-β axis by the proposed equivalent circuits, which can analyze the characteristics of the thrust and the normal force and so on. These control methods, which are the slip angular frequency control and the decoupling control for the thrust and normal force by analyzing these parameters can be successfully driven without interfering of each axis. These results exemplified the linear drive of SLIM with the reference value.

입원환자의 편집성증상에 관한 임상적 고찰

신영우 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.1

The author studied 133 neuropsychiatric inpatients with paranoid symptoms and 144 neuropsychiatric inpatients without paranoid symptoms, who had been managed at the neuropsychiatric unit of Kyung-Hee University Hospital during a 18 month period. Data were analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1. Of the 277 patients admitted to the unit, 133 (48.0%) were classified as paranoid on the basis of the criteria using derived from Paranoid Symptoms of Hamilton's Depression Scale and Present State Examination. 2. Among the 133 paranoid patients, 52 patients (39%) were diagnosed as schizophrenia, 25(19%) affective disorder, 11(8%) organic brain syndrome and 11(8%) neurosis. 3. Paranoid symptoms were noticed in all of paranoia and acute paranoid reaction,85% of schizophrenia,76% of affective disorders,36%of organic brain syndrome and 14%of neurosis. 4. The modes of treatment in paranoid patients were antipsychotics(68%), electro-convulsive therapy(22%)and antidepressants(12%),while those in non-paranoid patients were anxiolytics(48%), psychotherapy(25%), antipsychotics(16%) and antidepressants(12%). 5. Basic variables,such as age, sex, education, occupation and religion were not significantly correlated with either paranoid or non-paranoid symptoms.

바이러스 감염 후 발생한 소아에서의 시선경염 1례

신지원,김영대,김우경,박용원,오인경 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Optic neuritis presents differently in children than in adults. Children typically have bilateral involvement with papillitis following an antecedent viral illness. The development of multiple sclerosis is less common in children. The diagnosis of optic neuritis is usually made on a clinical manifestations. The major symptoms of optic neuritis include one or more of the following: 1) sudden blurred, "foggy" vision and sudden loss of vision, 2) pain with eye movement in the affected eye, 3) sudden color blindness, and etc. This condition progresses over a few days to two weeks. A 12-year-old girl presented with a history of sudden visual loss and color blindness. Treatment with high doses of steroid resulted in visual function returning to normal.

Ornthine-aspartate의 용해도 및 Drowning-out 결정화 연구

신동명,김우식,김용욱 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 1997 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

오르니틴-아스파테이트의 용해도와 drowning-out결정화에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 오르니틴-아스파테이트 용액에 알코올을 첨가하면 오르니틴-아스파테이트의 용해도가 극적으로 감소하며, 결과적으로 오르니틴-아스파테이트의 침전이 일어난다. 오르니틴-아스파테이트 침전공정에서 오르니틴-아스파테이트의 회수율과 결정크기는 주입속도, 교반속도 및 주입방식에 크게 영향을 받았다. 또한, 물과 알코올의 혼합액에서 오르니틴-아스파테이트의 용해도는 알코올 분율이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 알코올-물 혼합용액에서 오르니틴-아스파테이트의 용해도는 Cohn식과 Wilson식들에 의해 성공적으로 예측될 수 있다. Study on solubility and drowning-out crystallization of ornithine-aspartate was carried out. Addition of alcohol to ornithine-aspartate solution reduces dramatically the solubility of ornithine-aspartate and results in the precipitation of ornithine-aspartate. In the process of ornithine-aspartate precipitation the recovery and crystal size of the ornithine-aspartate were significantly affected by the feeding rate , agitation rate and feeding mode. In water and alcohol mixture, the solubility of ornithirne-aspartate was also presented to be reduced as increasing alcohol fraction. The solubility of ornithine-aspartate in solution of alcohol-water mixture can be successfully predicted by Cohn and Wilson equations.

이성대상포진의 증상에 따른 안면신경마비의 정도와 예후

신시옥,송창근,이동욱,최영석,진흥률,신정우,윤희석 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.1

연구목적: 이성대상포진에 동반되는 안면신경마비는 Bell's palsy와는 달리 예후가 더 나쁘고 그 마비가 완전히 회복되지 않는 경우가 더 많다.본 연구에서는 이성대상포진에서 발현되는 증상들의 유무가 치료 전 안면신경마비의 정도 및 치료 후 예후와 상관관계가 있는지를 관찰하여 예후의 예측인자에 대해 분석하였다. 재료 및 방법: 지난 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 이성대상포진으로 진단받고 본원에 입원하여 고용량 부신피질호르몬제와 항바이러스제인 acyclovir의 병합투여로 동일한 치료를 받은 30명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 분석 및 고찰하였으며, 치료 전 안면마비의 정도와 치료 후 마비의 회복 정도를 이통, 이명, 난청, 현훈 등의 증상의 유무와 치료 시작 시기, 그리고 안면신경의 electroneuronography(ENoG) 값에 따라 비교하였다. 결과: 이성대상포진수포가 안면신경마비 보다 먼저 발현된 경우에 안면신경마비의 치료 전 grade가 통계적으로 유의하게 좋았다(p<0.05).이통, 청력손실, 그리고 현훈의 유무에 따른 안면신경마비의 정도는 상관관계가 없었고 예후에도 차이가 없었다.이명의 유무에 따른 치료 전 안면신경마비의 정도는 상관관계가 없었으나 치료 후 완전회복율은 이명이 있었던 군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(p=0.003<0.05).완전회복군과 불완전회복군 사이의 치료 전 ENoG의 수치는 통계적으로 유의하게 예후와 상관이 있었다(p=0.037<0.05). 결론: 좀더 많은 수의 환자를 연구에 포함하여 증상에 따른 예후의 차이를 연구하는 것이 필 요하며 또한 ENoG 값이 10%에서 40% 사이인 환자들의 치료 방법에 대한 고려와 이성대상포진수포가 안면신경마비보다 먼저 생긴 환자에서 치료 전 마비정도가 경미했던 이유에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Herpes zoster oticus generally has a poor prognosis, leaving many patients with permanent facial nerve dysfunction, compare to Bell's palsy.Acyclovir and prednisolone have been widely used for the treatment of herpes zoster oticus.This retrospective study was conducted to suggest the prognostic factors according to various symptoms. Materials and Methods : Clinical studies were retrospectively performed on 30 patients with herpes zoster oticus who were treated with acyclovir and prednisolone in the Chungbuk National University Hospital between 1991 and 1999.The authors analyze the pre-treatment grade and prognosis of facial nerve palsy according to symptoms(the existence of otalgia, tinnitus, hearing loss, and vertigo), the treatment onset, and electroneuronography ( ENoG ). Results : Of thirty patients who have been diagnosed as herpes zoster oticus, there is no significant difference in the pre-treatment grade of facial nerve palsy according to the existence of vesicle, otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss.Of 25 patients who have facial nerve palsy, the recovery from the palsy is complete in 14 patients(56%).There is no significant difference in the pre-treatment grade of facial nerve palsy according to the existence of otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss.The pre-treatment grade of facial palsy is better when the vesicles precede facial in the group with tinnitus than without tinnitus.A significant difference of the prognosis according to the onset of treatment and other symptoms are not found.ENoG is better in the group that facial nerve palsy is completely recovered than incomplete recovery group. Conclusion : Reliable prognostic factor according to symptoms is not found, ENoG is the only prognostic factor.