정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

토마토식물의 꽃, 화경 또는 어린열매에 처리된 GA₃가 잎생장과 액아발육에 미치는 효과

이영병,구우서,정순재 東亞大學校 1996 東亞論叢 Vol.33 No.-

When gibberellin A3(5㎍·??) was applied to the flower of 1st inflorescence of Lycopersicon esculentum at anthesis, growth of young leaves and axillary shoot elongation of 6th leaf were promoted later. Growth of the leaves and axillary shoot were also accelerated, as flowers of inflorescence were removed, while the application of GA₃(1㎍+agar 200㎕) to the peduncle without flowers promoted their growth. And young fruit treatment with GA₃(5㎍·??) increased lightly leaves growth.

노화가 인체 중간엽 줄기세포로부터 조골세포로의 증식 및 분화에 미치는 영향

백기현,태현정,오기원,이원영,조정기,권순용,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.3

연구배경: 일반적으로 골다공증과 연관된 위험인자로는 연령, 폐경, 약물, 불충분한 칼슘섭취, 만성질환 및 운동부족 등이 있는데, 특히 노화가 진행할수록 골밀도가 감소하는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 노화와 관련하여 진행되는 골소실은 조골세포 및 전구조골세포의 기능적 결핍에 의한 골형성의 감소가 주요한 요인으로 여겨지고 있다. 그 동안 연령이 조골모 세포의 양과 조골모 세포로부터 성숙조골세포로의 분화 및 증식에 미치는 영향에 대한 일부 보고들이 있었으나 아직 일치된 견해는 없는 형편이다. 방법: 다양한 연령의 사람으로부터 골수를 채취, 중간엽 줄기세포가 포함된 단핵세포를 분리한 후 조골세포로 분화하기 좋은 조건하에서 배양하였다. 대상군은다시 젊은군과 노령군으로 구분하여 다양한 변수를 비교 분석하였다. 일차배양에서는 CFU-F를 계수하여 골수내 중간엽 줄기세포의 수를 추산하였고, 칼슘측정을 통하여 기질의 무기화 정도를 비교하였다. 계대배양후 이차배양에서는 시기별로 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도를 측정하고 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하여 젊은군과 노령군 사이의 증식능 차이를 비교하였다. 또한 이차배양 시기별로 MTT 측정을 하여 양군간에 증식능 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 결과: 1. 일차배양 15일째에 평균 CFU-F의 수는 젊은군에서 유의하게 많았다(젊은군 148.3±28.9, 노령군 54.3±9.1, p=0.02). CFU-F의 평균면적은 젊은군에서 넓은 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 2. 일차배양 17일 경과 후 양군간에 기질 칼슘 침착정도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(젊은군 103.6±50.6, 노령군: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). 3. 이차배양 10일째에 젊은군에서 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도가 고령군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(젊은군: 935.5±115.0 U/mg, 노령군: 578.4±115.7U/mg,p.0.05). 고령군에서는 시간 경과에 따른 변화가 미약했으며 전반적으로 알카리성 포스파타제의 활성도가 젊은군에 비해 낮았다. 4. 이차배양도중 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현은 배양시기별로 젊은군에 비해 고령군에서 더 낮은 경향을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 이차배양 10일과 15일에 젊은군에서 노령군보다세포증식이 유의하게 증가된 양상을 보였다(10앓 젊은군 0.73±0.05, 노령군 0.58±0.04, p=0.05, 15일; 젊은군 0.80±0.05, 노령군 0.70±0.03, p=0.05).결론: 이상의 연구에서 저자들은 노령군에서 젊은군보다 골수 내 중간엽줄기세포의 수가 적고, 노령군에서 유래한 전구조골세포의 성숙조골세포로의 증식 및 분화가 젊은군 보다 감소해 있는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Background: Osteoblasts originate from osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow stroma, termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or bone marrow stromal cells. Each MSC forms colonies (colony forming units-fibroblasts [CFL-Fs]) when cultured ex vivo. There are some reports about the age-related changes of the number and osteogenic potential of osteoprogenitor cells, but any relationship has not been clearly established in humans. In this study, we counted MSCs using CFU-Fs count and examined the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells. Finally, we analyzed how these parameters varied with donor age. Methods: Bone marrow was obtained from the iliac crest of young (n=6, 27.2±8.6 years old) and old (n= 10, 57.4k6.7 years old) healthy donors. Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were isolated and cultured in osteogenic medium. In primary culture, we compared the colony-forming efficiency of MSCs between the two groups and determined the matrix calcification. When primary culture showed near confluence, the cells were subcultured. Alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression by RT-PCR and proliferative potential by MTT assay were examined by the time course of secondary culture. Results: At the 15th day of primary culture, the mean number of CFU-Fs was significantly higher in the younger donors (young: 148.3±28.9, old: 54.3±9.1, p=0.02) and the mean size of CFL-Fs was also larger in the younger donors than the older donors. However, matrix calcification was not different between the two groups (young: 103.6±50.6, old: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). In secondary culture, alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly lower in the older donors. The younger donors showed peak alkaline phosphatase activity at day 10, while the older donors didn't showed a remarkable peak (young: 935.5±115.OU/mg, old: 578.4±115.7U/mg, p<0.05). Total cell number as a proliferative index increased progressively during the secondary culture and a significantly greater cell number was noted in the younger donors. Osteocalcin expression was generally upregulated in the younger donors, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study shows that the number of osteoprogenitor cells is decreased during aging and that the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells seem to be reduced during aging (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:296-305, 2003).

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

단백질 분해효소 생성 호염성세균의 분리 및 효소 생성

정영철,김양우,노종수,강인수 진주여자전문대학 1996 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

For the accelerating fermentation of high salt anchovy using halophilic proteolytic microorganisms, various halotolerant or halophilic protease-producing strains were isolated from 13 types of high salt fermented fish pastes. Among 13 halotolerant and 4 halophilic isolates which produced proteases on PS agar medium containing a different NaCl concentration from 0% to 20%, one halotolerant and protease-producing strain, CK-14 was identified as a member of Bacillus sp., and another halophilic and protease-producing strain , LF-7, a member of Vibrio sp. through fatty acid composition analysis. The NaCl range for growth and protease production of Bacillus sp. CK-14 and Vibrio sp. LF-7 in PS broth was extended from 0% to 12.5%, and from 5% to 20%, with an optimal concentration of 5% and 7.5%, respectively. The optimal temperature and pH for cell growth and protease production of Bacillus sp. CK-14 and Vibrio sp. LF-7 were 30℃ and 35℃, pH range of 8.0 to 8.5 and 6.5 to 9.5, respectively. The maximal protease activity of Bacillus sp. CK-14 was 3200 unit after 6% incubation, and that of Vibrio sp. LF-7 was 3980 unit after 120hr incubation under optimal culture conditions.

재활용재 혼입 진동제어 콘크리트 보의 동적특성에 관한 실험적 연구

정영수,최우성 中央大學校 建設環境硏究所 1997 環境科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Recently the construction of infrastructures has been recently accelerated to keep up with rapid economic growth with the aid of advanced structural engineering. Construction activities and operation of transportation facilities cause civil petitions associated with vibration-induced damages or nuisances. As part of the decrease of vibration-induced damage, the objective of this study is to develop vibration-controlled concrete with recycling materials, which can be recycled from obsoete materials, suchas aged tires, plastics and etc. Pilot tests had been carried out to develop appropriate mix proportions of vibration-controlled concrete, of which uniaxial compressive strength is above 200kg/㎠. 9 reinforced concrete beams with recycled material had been made with appropriate mix proportion. RC beams had been tested to investigate various dynamic properties, such as natural frequency, damping ratio, and flexural rigidity. Vibration-controlled mixtures are latex, rubber powder and plastic resin, which have been determined to by and large reduce vibration. KS F2437 and the travel time method have been used to figure out natural frequency dynamic elastic moduli and dynamic flexural rigidity. Dynamic damping ratios have been computed by adopting the polynomial curvefitting method and the geometric analysis method on the frequency spectrum curve, of which results have been compared and analyzed hereon.

여성과 남성 그리고 차별의 경제학 : 성차별과 생산성차별 접근 Sex Discrimination and Production Discrimination Approach

우재현,정영숙,박충선 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1996 社會科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

본 연구에서는 여성의 고용환경을 사회·경제·문화적 측면에서 긍정적 요인과 부정적 요인별로 살펴보고, 남녀임금격차에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇이며, 임금격차가 성차별로 인한 것인지 아니면 생산성 차이로 인한 것인지를 분석하고자 하였다. 자료는 대구시에 있는 98개의 기업체에 근무하는 910명의 근로자를 대상으로 1995년 9월에 설문조사를 실시하여 수집하였다. 분석결과는 여성에게 성차별이 존재하듯이 남성에게는 생산성차별이 존재하고 있음을 시사하고 있다. 즉 남녀임금격차 중 63%는 여성의 낮은 생산성 때문이고 나머지 37%는 논리적 근거을 갖지 못한 남녀차별에 의해 발생한 것이라는 것을 말해 주고 있다. 연구결과를 토대로 여성에 대한 임금차별을 불식시키고 여성의 경제활동참가율을 높이기 위한 제언과 정책대안을 제시하고자 하였다.

피틴산(Phytic acid)이 비브리오(Vibrio vulnificus) 패혈증에 미치는 영향

정영호,조천휘,이선우,임치환 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.1

Phytic acid chelates excellently the metallic ions and the positive ions, especially has high affinity with Fe^(2+) and Ca^(2+). Merits of phytic acid can be taked in easily, edibile and harmless to body, so it was investigated that phytic acid can be substituted for EDTA in this study. 1. The Intensificative effect of chelating agent and disinfective osmotic shock of Vibrio vulnificus The number of initial existent fungi measured 1.7x10^(6). The percentages of the survival fungi against the osmotic shock by distillated water were calculated at 1 minute, 3 minute and 5 minute after inoculation. The percentages of the survival fungi in Mg^(2+) were 92.5%, 91.8% and 79.8% at each time, the average percentage was 88%. Also the sudden extinction was observed around 1 minute after inoculation and the survival fungi were not observed from 3 through 5 minute in spite of repeated experimentation. 2. Influence of Vibrio vulnificus on the survival of the mice. The first mouse started to die in 180 minute after inoculation in case that the inoculating number was 2.3x10^(7) cfu/ml. All died within 4.5 hour. The average of survival time was 226 minute. The first mouse started to die in 228 minute after inoculation in case that the inoculating number was 0.8x10^(6) cfu/ml. All died within 5 hour. The average of survival time was 300 minute and the survival time was 1.3 times high. The tendencies of death in two cases were similar, but the fatal rate were largely dependent on inoculating number.

한 남자에서 수면 박탈 시 cDNA Microarray 분석에 의한 유전자 발현

정영철,홍미숙,정주호,김종우 대한생물치료정신의학회 2003 생물치료정신의학 Vol.9 No.2

목 적 : 본 연구에서는 약 8000개 이상의 사람의 주요 유전자를 검색할 수 있는 TwinChip Human 8K cDNA miceoarray를 이용하여, 수면 박탈이 이러한 주요 유전자의 발현 양상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 대량으로 확인하고 분석하고자 하였다. 방 법 : Mendelson이 시행한 수면 박탈 방법을 변형하여 4일간의 일정으로 수면 박탈을 시행하였으며 첫째날(baseline) 수면 박탈 시행전과 4일째 수면 박탈 실험 완료 후에 각각 혈액채취를 하였다. 수면 박탈전과 수면 박탈후에 채취한 혈액을 대상으로 단핵세포를 분리하여 RNA를 추출후 TwinChip Human 8K cDNA microarray 반응을 시킨 후 결과를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 분석된 8287개의 유전자들 중 fluorescence ratio (Cy5/Cy3)가 3 이상인, 즉 수면 박탈 후 3배 이상 발현에 증가되었다고 볼수 있는 유전자는 NTS, RHAG, CLIPR-59, FLJ0849, Homo sapiens TFT-I interacting peptide 20mRNA, GRM3, ELK3, ETS-domain protein(SRF accessory protein 2), RBMS1 등으로 8개였고, fluorescence ratio(Cy5/Cy3)가 0.33 이하인, 즉 수면 박탈 후 3배 이상 발현이 감소되었다고 볼 수 있는 유전자는 ESTs, IL-2, ATP6V0A1, Homo sapiens cDNS FLJ31377 fis, clone NESOP100008, CYP11A, RECQL4, IGSF3, CGI-94, CALR 등으로 9개로 나타났다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과에서 발현의 변화를 보인 유전자들을 RT-PCR이나 western blot 등의 방법을 이용하여 확인하는 후속 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 향후 수면의 다양한 양상이 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 더 자세하게 알기 위해서는 cDNA microarray를 이용한 연구가 더욱 유용할 것으로 생각한다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sleep deprivation on gene expression by cDNA microarray analysis. Methods : Subject of this study is one 27 years old male physically and psychologically healthy without sleep/wake complaints. Baseline blood sample was done at 09:00 of the day 1. Subject slept 4 hours on the day 1, 2 hours on the day 2. and total sleep, deprivation on the day 3. Blood samples was done in the morning of the day 4. Using cDNA microarray technique. gene expression profile was assayed. Results : There were 8 qenes up-regulated and 9 genes down-regulated after sleep deprivation Up-regulated genes were NTS(neurotensin), RHAG(Rhesus blood group-associated glycoprotein), CLIPR-59(CLIP-170-related protein), FLJ0849(hypothetical protein FLJ10849). Homo sapiens TTF-l interacting peptide 20mRNA, GRM3(glutamate receptor, metabotropic 3), ELK3 ETS-domain protein(SRF accessory protein 2) RBMS1(RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein 1) and down-regulated genes were ESTs, IL-2(interleukin-2), ATP6V0A1 (ATPase, Htransporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a isoform), Homo sapiens cDNS FLJ31377 fis, clone NESOP100008 CYPl1A(cytochrome P450, subfamily XIA cholesterol side chain)), RECQL4(RecQ protein-like 4), IGSF3(immuno-globulin suerfamily, member 3), CGI-94(CGl-94 protein), CALR(calreticulin). Conclusion : The results of the present study cannot fully explain the effects of sleep deprivation with respect to the expression of certain genes, but they provide fundamental data for the involvement of sleep deprivation or gene expression profiles Further in-depth studies are required to confirm the differential expression of these genes by RT-PCR or Western blot.