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High-Resolution Simulations for Vietnam - Methodology and Evaluation of Current Climate
Jack Katzfey,Kim Nguyen,John McGregor,Peter Hoffmann,Suppiah Ramasamy,Hiep Van Nguyen,Mai Van Khiem,Thang Van Nguyen,Kien Ba Truong,Thang Van Vu,Hien Thuan Nguyen,Tran Thuc,Doan Ha Phong,Bang Thanh Ng 한국기상학회 2016 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.52 No.2
To assist the government of Vietnam in its efforts to better understand the impacts of climate change and prioritise its adaptation measures, dynamically downscaled climate change projections were produced across Vietnam. Two Regional Climate Models (RCMs) were used: CSIRO’s variable-resolution Conformal-Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) and the limited-area model Regional Climate Model system version 4.2 (RegCM4.2). First, global CCAM simulations were completed using bias- and variance-corrected sea surface temperatures as well as sea ice concentrations from six Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) global climate models. This approach is different from other downscaling approaches as it does not use any atmospheric fields from the GCMs. The global CCAM simulations were then further downscaled to 10 km using CCAM and to 20 km using RegCM4.2. Evaluations of temperature and precipitation for the current climate (1980-2000) were completed using station data as well as various gridded observational datasets. The RCMs were able to reproduce reasonably well most of the important characteristics of observed spatial patterns and annual cycles of temperature. Average and minimum temperatures were well simulated (biases generally less than 1oC), while maximum temperatures had biases of around 1oC. For precipitation, although the RCMs captured the annual cycle, RegCM4.2 was too dry in Oct.-Nov. (−60% bias), while CCAM was too wet in Dec.- Mar. (130% bias). Both models were too dry in summer and too wet in winter (especially in northern Vietnam). The ability of the ensemble simulations to capture current climate increases confidence in the simulations of future climate.
Van Hoa Nguyen,Thi Mai Phung Bui,Thanh Phong Le,Hoang Tung Nguyen,Minh Tuyen Truong,Minh Nhut Do,Van Nha Duong 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.6
Background and objective: For countries vulnerable to climate change as Vietnam, indigenous knowledge (IK) might assist in revealing the values of local people's adaptations to environmental stresses and potentially support decision-making. Despite IK can provide the adaptive capacity of local people's activities within environmental contexts, but it is rapidly vanishing. This study aimed to describe the documentation of IK associated with climate change adaptation of farmers in the Vietnam Mekong Delta (VMD). Methods: We focused on collecting and establishing online access to IK documents through collaboration between IK holders, public sector, collecting institutions, and researchers in the five agro-ecological zones of the VMD. An online IK database for storing IK documents has been designed and implemented based on the web application schema. Results: Through interviews, we gathered IK from farming practices that are well-adapted to climate risks such as floods, droughts, and saltwater intrusions as well as traditional knowledge being used to forecast weather, flood, and saltwater intrusion. The database for storing IK documents has been successfully deployed using free and open-source software. The database currently contains more than 260 IK documents, with their location on agro-ecological zones displayed on a web-based map. Conclusion: We have captured and provided an online access to IK on climate change adaptation of the farmers in the VMD. This research is expected as an initial strategy for long-term sustainable development of the agriculture system in this region.
Xuan-Lan Mai,Yusung Choi,Quoc-Ky Truong,Thi-Ngoc-Van Nguyen,Sang Beom Han,Kyeong Ho Kim 한국분석과학회 2020 분석과학 Vol.33 No.4
Separation of basic compounds using reverse phase chromatography on a silica-based stationary phase represents a major challenge, because of the interaction between the cationic sites of the basic compounds with the anionic silanols of the stationary phase. This study presents a simple, reliable, and organic solvent - free liquid chromatographic method for the determination of terbutaline and salbutamol, in which a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) is used as mobile phase additive. We investigated various mobile phase parameters affecting the retention of the two compounds, such as types and concentration of RTILs and, pH of the mobile phase were investigated. The developed method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines and successfully applied effectively to determine salbutamol sulfate in pharmaceutical preparations.
A New Dimeric Lignan from the Stems of Willughbeia edulis
Nguyen, Hai Xuan,Do, Truong Nhat Van,Le, Tho Huu,Dang, Phu Hoang,Nguyen, Mai Thanh Thi,Nguyen, Nhan Trung The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 2022 Natural Product Sciences Vol.28 No.2
As part of our continued study on the chemical constituents of Willughbeia edulis stems, a new dimeric lignan named edulignan (1) was isolated from its EtOAc-soluble extract. Based on NMR spectroscopic interpretation, the planar structure of 1 has been suggested to have two 2-substituted 4-chromanone subunits with different stereochemical configurations. In addition, the MS/MS analysis of the products obtained by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of 1 was supportive of its structure. Unfornatually, the new compound 1 did not show 𝛼-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> value > 250 𝜇M.
Study on the Characteristics of X-ray Spectra in Imaging Diagnosis Using Monte Carlo Simulations
Khanh Ai Tran,Loan Thi Hong Truong,Nhon Van Mai,Phuong Nguyen Dang,Dung Thi Thuy Vo 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.7
X-rays are widely used in diagnostic imaging such as radiography and computed tomography. An understanding of the X-ray spectrum is essential for estimating the dose absorbed by the patient and for improving image quality. In this research, X-ray emission spectra were investigated by using two different approaches: a Monte Carlo method using the MCNP5 code and a semi-empirical calculation with SpekCalc software. The results were compared with each other to validate the Monte Carlo simulation of the X-ray spectra, so that the simulation model can be applied to estimating the dose rate distribution in X-ray imaging. The obtained results show good agreement between the two approaches, but some divergence is still observed in the characteristic X-ray peaks. In addition, the influence of X-ray tube parameters such as the peak voltage, filter, anode angle and target material on of the beam quality was investigated.
Choi, Yusung,Pham, Thuy-Vy,Mai, Xuan-Lan,Truong, Quoc-Ky,Le, Thi-Anh-Tuyet,Nguyen, Thi-Ngoc-Van,Lee, Gunhee,Kang, Jong-Seong,Mar, Woongchon,Kim, Kyeong Ho The Korean Society of Analytical Science 2019 분석과학 Vol.32 No.5
Over the past decades, chiral switch of the proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been received widespread attention in therapeutic advantages as well as pharmaceutical analysis. In present study, the influence of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the chiral separation of four common PPIs (lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole) was investigated. The results demonstrated that capillary electrophoresis (CE) with dual CDs as a chiral selector system is a possible and promising method for the enantioseparation of these PPIs. Rabeprazole, which is the most challenging and acid-labile candidate among four PPIs, was selected for further development of the technique. To optimize CE condition, the effects of capillary parameters and background electrolytes on the enantioseparation were investigated. Finally, the best chiral separation was acheived by using sulfobutyl ether-${\beta}$-CD, and ${\gamma}$-CD as dual chiral selectors. The developed CE method not only provided the effective chiral separation but also showed the good stability of rabeprazole. The proposed method was successfully validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guideline and effectively applied to determine rabeprazole enantiomers in commercial rabeprazole tablets, with recoveries ranging from 97.17 % to 103.29 % of the label content.
Yusung Choi,Thuy-Vy Pham,Xuan-Lan Mai,Quoc-Ky Truong,Thi-Anh-Tuyet Le,Thi-Ngoc-Van Nguyen,Gunhee Lee,Jong-Seong Kang,Woongchon Mar,김경호 한국분석과학회 2019 분석과학 Vol.32 No.5
Over the past decades, chiral switch of the proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been received widespread attention in therapeutic advantages as well as pharmaceutical analysis. In present study, the influence of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the chiral separation of four common PPIs (lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole) was investigated. The results demonstrated that capillary electrophoresis (CE) with dual CDs as a chiral selector system is a possible and promising method for the enantioseparation of these PPIs. Rabeprazole, which is the most challenging and acid-labile candidate among four PPIs, was selected for further development of the technique. To optimize CE condition, the effects of capillary parameters and background electrolytes on the enantioseparation were investigated. Finally, the best chiral separation was acheived by using sulfobutyl ether-β-CD, and γ-CD as dual chiral selectors. The developed CE method not only provided the effective chiral separation but also showed the good stability of rabeprazole. The proposed method was successfully validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guideline and effectively applied to determine rabeprazole enantiomers in commercial rabeprazole tablets, with recoveries ranging from 97.17 % to 103.29 % of the label content.
Hoan Minh Tran,Lan Ngoc Tan Phan,Thang Van Le,Thuy Thuy Truong,Tam Huu Nguyen,Khuong Tung Truong,Le-Thu T. Nguyen,Mai Thanh Phong,Ha Tran Nguyen 한국고분자학회 2019 폴리머 Vol.43 No.4
A novel organic photocatalyst, 4-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline (PDPA) has been successfully synthesized from triphenylamine and phenothiazine moiety via Buchwald-Hartwig C-N coupling. The chemical structure of catalyst was characterized via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and the optical properties were investigated via UV-vis spectroscopy. The PDPA has been applied as an organic photocatalyst for metal free atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP). The well-controlled molecular weights of polymethacrylates have been obtained with high yield of 95% and narrow polydispersity index (Đ).