The prediction of the tooth size in the mixed dentition for Korean

Moon, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Seong-Oh,Yu, Hyung-Seong,Choi, Byung-Jai,Choi, Hyung-Jun,Lee, Jae-Ho 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.33 No.2

이번 연구의 목적은 혼합치열기 아동에서 미맹출된 견치와 소구치의 크기를 예측하는데 있어서 한국인에 맞는 방정식을 만들기 위함이다. 미맹출 치아의 크기를 예측하는 것은 혼합치열기 교정 진단과 치료계획 수립에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 미맹출된 견치와 소구치 크기를 예측하는 방법은 몇가지가 있지만 그중에서도 가장 흔하게 쓰이는 것이 모이어의 예측표와 다나카와 존스턴의 방정식이 있다. 하지만 그것들은 백인을 위해서 제작된 것이고 치아 크기는 인종에 따라서 다르다고 알려져 있다. 이번 연구에서는 치아크기를 측정하여 하악 영구 절치의 크기 합과 견치 및 소구치의 크기 합 사이의 상관관계를 구하고 회귀방정식을 이용해서 한국인에 맞는 예측표를 만들었다. 연세대학교 치과대학에 재학중인 178명의 한국 학생(남 108명, 여 70명, 평균연령 21.63)을 대상으로 실험하였다. 영구치의 근원심 폭경을 석고모형상에서 calipers를 이용해서 측정하였다. 성별간의 치아 크기는 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). Correlation coefficient는 0.57에서 0.64의 범위였고, standard errors of the estimates 는 여성에서 0.6으로써 남성보다 우수하였다. r^(2)값은 0.27에서 0.41의 범위를 나타내었다. Estimating the size of unerupted teeth is an essential aspect of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning in the mixed dentition. Several methods were introduced and used for the prediction. The most common methods among these would be Moyers probability chart and Tanaka and Johnston equations. These are currently used widely, but they were developed for Caucasians. Because there are clear racial differences in teeth size, the objectives of this study were to produce correlation coefficients between the combined mesiodistal widths of the permanent mandibular incisors and those of the canines and premolars for each quadrant, and prediction tables with regression equations, specifically for Korean. 178 young adults (70 women, 108 men, mean age 21.63 years) were selected from the College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. The mesiodistal crown diameters of the permanent teeth were measured with calipers. Significant sexual dimorphism was found in tooth sizes. The correlation coefficients between the total mesiodistal width of the mandibular permanent incisors and those of the maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars were found to be between 0.52 and 0.64. The standard error of the estimatation was better (0.60) for women and the r^(2) values ranged from 0.27 to 0.41 for both sexes, Prediction tables were prepared for Korean. This study showed larger canine and premolar diameters than Tanaka and Johnston's and Moyers' studies which might be due to the racial differences. Further investigations with a larger sample size will be needed for more representative data on the Korean population.

중금속 오염 논토양에서 카드뮴의 부동화와 식물이용성에 대한 석회 시용 효과

홍창오 ( Chang Oh Hong ),김용균 ( Yong Gyun Kim ),이상몽 ( Sang Mong Lee ),박현철 ( Hyean Cheal Park ),김근기 ( Keun Ki Kim ),손홍주 ( Hong Joo Son ),조재환 ( Jae Hwan Cho ),김필주 ( Pil Joo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Research Article : BACKGROUND : Many studies associated with cadmium (Cd) immobilization using lime fertilizer have been conducted for several decades. However, these studies did not suggest exact mechanism of Cd immobilization using lime fertilizer and evaluated effect of lime fertilizer on Cd phytoavailability in rice paddy soil under field condition. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted to determine exact mechanism of Cd immobilization using lime fertilizer and evaluate liming effect on Cd uptake of rice in contaminated paddy soil. Ca(OH)2 was mixed with Cd contaminated arable soil at rates corresponding to 0, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 mg/kg. The limed soil was moistened to paddy soil condition, and incubated at 25℃ for 4 weeks. NH4OAc extractable Cd concentration in soil decreased significantly with increasing Ca(OH)2 rate, since Ca(OH)2 markedly increased net negative charge of soil by pH increase, and decreased bioavailable Cd fractions (F1; exchangeable + acidic and reducible Cd fraction). Calculated solubility diagram indicated that Cd solubility was controlled by soil-Cd. NH4OAc extractable Cd and F1 concentration were negatively related to soil pH and negative charge. Ca(OH)2 was applied at rates 0, 2, 4, and 8 Mg/ha and then cultivated rice in the paddy soil under field condition. Cadmium concentrations in grain, straw, and root of rice plant decreased significantly with increasing application rate of Ca(OH)2. CONCLUSION(S): Alleviation of Cd phytoavailability with Ca(OH)2 can be attributed primarily to Cd immobilization due to the increase in soil pH and negative charge rather than precipitation of Cd(OH)2 or CdCO3, and therefore, Ca(OH)2 is effective for reducing Cd phytoavailability of rice in paddy soil.

Effects of sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in hemodialysis patients

Yeon Joo Lee,Il Hwan Oh,Hee Jun Baek,Chang Hwa Lee,Sang Sun Lee 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.2

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency is common in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to identify whether or not sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake have effects on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The objective was to identify the main determinants of serum vitamin D status in the study subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 47 HD patients (19 males and 28 females) was performed. We assessed serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels between August and September 2012 and analyzed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HD patients. To evaluate the determinants of serum 25(OH)D levels, we surveyed dietary vitamin D intake, degree of sun exposure, and outdoor activities. To compare biological variables, serum 25(OH)D was stratified as below 15 ng/ml or above 15 ng/ml. RESULTS: Mean 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels were 13.5 ± 5.8 ng/ml and 20.6 ± 11.8 pg/ml, respectively. The proportions of serum 25(OH)D deficiency (< 15 ng/ml), insufficiency (15-< 30 ng/ml), and sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/ml) in subjects were 72.4%, 23.4%, and 4.3%, respectively. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in female patients was 78.6%, whereas that in males was 63.2% (P = 0.046). Vitamin D intake and sun exposure time were not significantly different between the two stratified serum 25(OH)D levels. Dietary intake of vitamin D did not contribute to increased serum 25(OH)D levels in HD patients. The main effective factors affecting serum 25(OH)D status were found to be the sun exposure and active outdoor exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Hypovitaminosis D is common in HD patients and is higher in females than in males. Sun exposure is the most important determinant of serum 25(OH)D status in HD patients.

Comparison of Knee Extensor and Hip Extensor Strength According to Wall Squat Performance

Sung-hoon Jung,Moon-hwan Kim,Ui-jae Hwang,Jun-hee Kim,Oh-yun Kwon 한국전문물리치료학회 2017 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Background: The wall squat is considered an effective exercise because it can reduce the knee load and prevent excessive lumbar movement. However, the relationship between wall squat performance and strength of knee extensors and hip extensors remained unclear. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the strengths of the knee extensors and hip extensors between groups with low and high wall squat performance. Method: Nineteen males (low performance group: 9 subjects, high performance group: 10 subjects) participated in this study and performed wall squats. The subjects who were performing less than 30% of the average wall squat count were classified into the low wall squat performance group (less than or equal to 4 times) and the subjects who performed more than 30% of the average wall squat count were classified into the high wall squat performance group (greater than or equal to 8 times). Knee extensor and hip extensor strength were measured with a strength measurement system. An independent t-test was used to compare the strengths of the knee extensors and hip extensors between the groups with low and high wall squat performance. Results: The ratios of knee extensor and hip extensor strength to bodyweight were greater in the high wall squat performance group than in the low wall squat performance group (knee extensors: p<.001; hip extensors: p=.03). In the high- and low-performance groups, the ratios of knee extensor strength to bodyweight were 42.74±5.72 and 30.76±8.54, respectively, and the ratios of hip extensor strength to bodyweight were 31.95±10.61 and 20.66±11.25, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that knee extensor and hip extensor strength are needed for high wall squat performance. Thus, exercise to increase the knee and hip extensors strength can be recommended to improve squat performance.

Effect of Plasma Treatment on the Performance of a Thin-Film Transistor Made of Poly-Si by Using Ni-Mediated Crystallization

Sang Kyu Kim,Jin Jang,Jae Hwan Oh,Jun Hyuk Cheon 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.6

We have studied the effect of H2 plasma treatment on the performance of a poly-Si thin-film transistor (TFT) made by using metal-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon through a cap layer (MICC). The p-channel poly-Si TFT made by using H2-plasma treatment of the MICC poly-Si exhibited a field-effect mobility of 91.5 cm2/Vs, a threshold voltage of .2.1 V, and gate voltage swing of 0.5 V/decade. The plasma treatment reduced the surface roughness from 16.7 °A to 9.5 °A and the grain boundary traps significantly.

Cilostazol Improves HFD-Induced Hepatic Steatosis by Upregulating Hepatic STAMP2 Expression through AMPK

Oh, Yoo Jin,Kim, Hye Young,Lee, Mi Hwa,Suh, Sung Hwan,Choi, Yongmun,Nam, Tae-gyu,Kwon, Woo Young,Lee, Sang Yeob,Yoo, Young Hyun American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental 2018 Molecular pharmacology Vol.94 No.6

<P>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly studied condition that can progress to end-stage liver disease. Although NAFLD was first described in 1980, a complete understanding of the mechanism and causes of this disease is still lacking. Six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) plays a role in integrating inflammatory and nutritional signals with metabolism. Our previous study suggested that STAMP2 may be a suitable target for treating NAFLD. In the current study, we performed a focused drug-screening and found that cilostazol could be a potential STAMP2 enhancer. Thus, we examined whether cilostazol alleviates NAFLD through STAMP2. The in vivo and in vitro pharmacological efficacies of cilostazol on STAMP2 expression and lipid accumulation were analyzed in NAFLD mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and in HepG2 cell lines treated by oleic acid (OA), respectively. Cilostazol increased the expression of STAMP2 through transcriptional regulation in vivo and in vitro. Cilostazol also dampened the STAMP2 downregulation caused by the HFD and by OA in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Cilostazol activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in vivo and in vitro, and AMPK functions upstream of STAMP2, and reversed downregulation of STAMP2 expression through AMPK in the NAFLD model. Cilostazol ameliorates hepatic steatosis by enhancing hepatic STAMP2 expression through AMPK. Enhancing STAMP2 expression with cilostazol represents a potential therapeutic avenue for treatment of NAFLD.</P><P>[Figure]</P>

A senescence-associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence

Oh, Sung Aeong,Lee, Sang Yeb,Chung, Il Kyung,Lee, Choon-Hwan,Nam, Hong Gil 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1996 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.12 No.-

We have characterized the structure and expression of a senescence-associated gene (sen1) of Arabidopsis thaliana. The protein-coding region of the gene consists of 5 exons encoding 182 amino acids. The encoded peptide shows noticeable similarity to the bacterial sulfide dehydrogenase and 81% identity to the peptide encoded by the radish din1 gene. The 5'-upstream region contains sequence motifs resembling the heat-shock- and ABA-responsive elements and the TCA motif conserved among stress-inducible genes. Examination of the expression patterns of the sen1 gene under various senescing conditions along with measurements of photochemical efficiency and of chlorophyll content revealed that the sen1 gene expression is associated with Arabidopsis leaf senescence. During the normal growth phase, the gene is strongly induced in leaves at 25 days after germination when inflorescence stems are 2-3 cm high, and then the mRNA level is maintained at a comparable level in naturally senescing leaves. In addition, dark-induced senescence of detached leaves or of leaves in planta resulted in a high-level induction of the gene. Expression of the sen1 gene was also strongly induced in leaves subjected to senescence by 0.1 mM abscisic acid or 1mM ethephon treatment. The induced expression of the gene by dark treatment was not significantly repressed by treatment with 0.1 mM cytokinin or 50 mM CaCl_2 which delayed loss of chlorophyll but not that of photochemical efficiency.

Polymorphism of the MtDNA Cytochrome B and NADH Dehydrogenase 6 Genes in Tsushima and Jeju Native Horses

( Sang Hyun Han ),( Jae Hwan Kim ),( Ji Hoon Song ),( Ju Hyung Oh ),( You Sung Oh ),( Yong Hwan Jung ),( Hiroshi Kayano ),( Moon You Oh ) 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.1

We analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) of horses using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing. The mtDNA fragment containing the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6), cytochrome B (cytB), tRNA-Glu, and tRNA-Thr genes, was analyzed. We boserved polymorphic patterns using four restriction enzymes: BamHI, Hinf1, Msp1, and Rsa1. Nine mtDNA haplotypes were found in Jeju native horses, while no haplotype was specific for thoroughbreds of Tsushima native horses. The mtDNA of Jeju native horses, which is maternally inherited, was found to be highly polymorphic. This result was supproted by previous reports on the genetic diversity of extant Juju horses. Recent archaeological reports confirmed that horses other than those extant on Jeju were present before the Mongol invasion. We suggest that horse were present of Jeju Island in ancient times, and then Mongolian and other lorses were introduced to the island, where they had the opportunity to interbreed, resulting in the present high level of mtDNA polymorphism. Moreover, our results should prove useful for identifying maternity and determining the evolutionary relationships among horse populations.

Comparing Bioavailability of Cadmium and Arsenic in Agricultural Soil Under Varied pH Condition

Oh, Se Jin,Kim, Sung Chul,Ok, Yong Sik,Oh, Seung Min,Lee, Bup Yeol,Lee, Sang Hwan,Yang, Jae E. 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.1

Bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) can be different depending on soil pH. For this reason, main purpose of this research was to compare bioavailability of Cd and As in agricultural field under varied soil pH and different extractants. Bioavailable fraction of Cd and As in soil was extracted with $CaCl_2$, $NaNO_3$, DTPA, EDTA, and low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs). Soil samples and cultivated crops were collected at the range of soil pH 4.5-8.5 and correlation analysis was conducted between bioavailable fraction of Cd and As in soil and total concentration of Cd and As in crops. Results showed that concentration of Cd and As in acidic soil was ranged $0.002-0.462mg\;kg^{-1}$ and $0.041-4.903mg\;kg^{-1}$ respectively. In alkaline condition, concentration of Cd and As were ranged $0.006-0.351mg\;kg^{-1}$ and $0.039-2.807mg\;kg^{-1}$ respectively. Comparing bioavailable fraction of Cd and As in acidic and alkaline soil condition, higher concentration was measured in acidic condition. Similarly, higher average concentration of Cd and Asin crops was observed in acidic condition (0.398 and $0.751mg\;kg^{-1}$ respectively) than alkaline condition (0.248 and $0.264mg\;kg^{-1}$). Among different extractants, LMWOAs method showed higher correlation ($r^2=0.545$) for Cd in acidic condition indicating that LMWOAs method could be applied for evaluating bioavailability of Cd in acidic soil. However, no high correlation was observed for As in both acidic and alkaline condition. Overall, bioavailable fraction of Cd and As can be higher in acidic condition of soil than alkaline condition resulting higher uptake of Cd and As from soil to crops. Therefore, efficient best management practice (BMPs) for Cd and As in acidic soil should be conducted for minimizing uptake of Cd and As into crops.

3-Dimensional Circuit Fabrication based on Solid Freeform Fabrication

Sung Hyun Jang,Sung Taek Oh,In Hwan Lee,Ho-Chan Kim,Hae Yong Cho 대한기계학회 2013 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5