서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

흉선종 제거후에 발생한 재생 불량성 빈혈 : 증례보고

전원선,이상철,김현정,배상병,김찬규,이남수,박노진,이규택,박성규,홍대식,박희숙,원종호 순천향의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.2

Thymoma is associated with myasthenia gravis, Pure red cell aplasia, and autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It's association with aplastic anemia is rare and aplastic anemia appearing after surgical removal of thymoma is especially rare. The authors hereby report a case of aplastic anemia occuring in a patient who was diagnosed with thymoma and myasthenia gravis and had the tumor surgically removed. The patient was treated with anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporin, and prednisolone, and showed partial remission with hematologic improvements after 12 months.

미취업 이공계 석·박사 지원정책의 경제적 효과분석 : 인적자본 투자수익률을 중심으로

홍성표,이성규 한국노동경제학회 2003 勞動經濟論集 Vol.26 No.3

본 연구는 Mincer와 Ben-Porath의 최적인적자본 축적모형을 이용해서 외환위기 이후 급증한 이공계 석·박사 학위 졸업자들의 미취업 사태를 완화하고자 도입된 정부의 인턴연구원 지원사업이 동 사업으로 혜택을 받은 석·박사 학위자들의 인적자본 축적에 어느 정도의 영향을 미쳤는지를 분석하였다. Tobit 모형을 사용한 추정 결과에 따르면 인턴사업에 의한 인적자본 투자수익률이 인턴사업의 특성과 지원 대상인 고급과학기술인력을 분석 대상으로 하고 있다는 점을 감안한다면 투자수익률이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 정부가 미취업 고급인력의 인적자본의 진부화(obsolescnence) 속도를 늦추고 더 나아가서 현장실습을 통해서 새로운 인적자본을 축적할 수 있는 기회를 제공했던 인턴사업이 성공적이었음을 의미한다. 따라서 지식기반사회에서 국가경쟁력의 핵심인 고급인력의 구조적 실업을 완화시킴으로써 인적자본 축적에 큰 기여를 하고 있는 인턴사업의 경제적 효과를 극대화시킬 수 있는 여러 가지 방안들이 정책적으로 강구되어야 할 것이다. The study analyzes how effective the Government Internship Program has been on accumulation of the human capital. The Program was designed under the foreign exchange crisis to support the new, but unemployed graduates with MA or Ph.D degree in the science and the engineering fields. The survey data is collected from the participa nts in the Program. The Tobit model is estimated to find the economic effects of t he Program in terms of the rate of return of investment in the human capitals of the intern researchers. Considering that the Program is tentative and that the h uman capitals of the participants are easily obsolescent, the rate of return is observ ed to be substantially large. These results imply that the Internship Program has been successful in terms of providing not only the researchers with the opp ortunity to accumulate the human capital by means of the on-the -jop-training, the also the institutes or the firms with the opportunity to utili ze the high-quality researchers at the low cost.

벼 무논골뿌림栽培時 播種期 및 立毛數가 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

洪性澤,朴栽成,朴成圭,李尙榮,池在浚,孫錫龍 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 農業科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This study was conducted to establish the cultural techniques of the puddled-soil drill seeding of race (Oryza sativa L.), which is one of the efficient labor saving cultural methods, in the central part of Korea. Seoanbyeo was seeded at three times from April 10 to May 20 with the 20 day interval in 1994. The number of seedling stands per m2 at each seeding date were 50, 90, 130 and 170. The tillering characteristics, lodging characters, dry matter production, yield components and yield were investigated. The number of days to the maximum tillering stage was reduced at the later seeding date. It was 70, 55 and 25 days in seedings on April 10, April 30 and May 20, respectively. The critical effective tillering stage was also shortened at the delayed seeding. The higher the number of seedling stands was, the higher number of tillers, the shorter duration to the maximum tillering stage and the earlier critical effective tillering stage were resulted. The number of tillers was higher at the earlier seeding date. The number of tillers was increased in the order of 50, 90, 130 and 170 seedling stands per m2. The ratios of effective tillers were 53, 61 and 63% at seeding on April 10, April 30 and May 20, respectively. The ratios were not significantly different at April 10. But the ratios in seeding on April 30 and May 20 were reduced as the number of seedling stands was increased. The weight of stem base related to lodging was the highest with 2.01g/10 plants in the optimum seeding on April 30, while it was 1.59g/10 plants in the late seeding on May 20. It was also decreased as the number of seedling stands was increased. The dry weights at 30 days before the heading stage were increased at the later seeding, while the dry weight at the heading stage was the highest at seeding on April 30 which is considered as the adequate seeding time. The dry weights at 30 days before the heading stage were increased as the number of seedling stands was increased and they were increased up to 130 seedling stands per m2 at the heading stage. The length of panicle exsertion was shortened at the later seeding. The length of panicle exsertion was increased up to 130 seedling stands. but it was shorter at 170 seedling stands. The heading dates were later at seeding on April 30 and May 20 than at seeding on April 10. They were not remarkedly different among seeding dates at 50 seedling stands, it was earlier at the higher number of seedling stands over 90. The number of spikelets per panicle was decreased at the higher number of seedling stands. The ratio of ripened grains was higher at earlier seeding than at later seeding. It was not significantly different among the number of seedling stands at the same seeding time. Yields at seeding on April 30, April 10 and May 20 were 644, 624 and 551kg/10a, respectively. The seeding on April 30, the optimum seeding time, resulted the highest yield. Rice quality was decreased due to the increase of the green kerneled rice as the seeding date was delayed.

국제상사중재에서 UNIDROIT원칙 (2004)의 적용과 전망

홍성규 韓國仲裁學會 2006 중재연구 Vol.16 No.2

The International Institute for the Unification of Private Law(UNIDROIT) established UNIDROIT principles, which could be applicable as international unified rules. The UNIDROIT Principles plays the role of interpreting and complementing CISG and functions as a law applicable to international commercial disputes. As shown by cases of practical application so far, the principles are expected to be applied frequently to international commercial arbitration in the future. In the situation that there is no internationally unified judicature, it is necessary to promote rational dispute resolution and legal stability through arbitration by adopting the UNIDROIT Principles of Lex Mercatoria as a governing law of international commercial contracts. In conclusion, UNIDROIT principles, along with CISG, are expected to play a great role as the applicable law of international commercial contracts and as standards for resolving international commercial disputes.

Surface Plasmon Resonance 기술을 이용한 인체분비물 혈액형 분석에 대한 연구

홍승범,최동호,안희중,이동석,김응수,최상규,이영보 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

삼환계 항우울제(Dothiepin)가 우울증 환자의 수면에 미치는 영향 : 수면 다원 검사에 의한 연구 A Polysomnographic Study

홍승철,한진희,이성필,방승규 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.4

우울증환자군에서 삼환계 항우울제인 dothiepin 투여 후의 수면이 변화양성을 알아보며, 치료 후의 호전정도를 예측할 수 있는 치료 전과 치료 후의 수면변인을 조사하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 수면상태는 수면다원검사를 실시하여 평가하였고, 우울증상의 심각도와 임상양상의 정도는 Hamilton 우울척도를 이용하여 평가하였다. 연구대상은 최소 14일 이상 약물을 투여 받지 않은 우울증 환자 16명(남자 7명, 여자 9명, 연령분포 23∼64세)으로 구성되었다. 수면다원검사는 약물을 투여하기 전과 약물투여 후 1주와 3주에 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 항우울제 투여 1주와 3주 후 수면 연속성은 기준수면에 비하여 총수면 시간이 유의하게 증가하였고 수면잠재기는 단축되었으며, 수면도중 각성시간은 감소하였고, 수면효율은 증가되었다. 2) 항우울제 투여 1주와 3주 후 수면구조에서는 기준수면에 비하여 2단계 수면이 유의하게 증가하였다. 3) 항우울제 투여 1주와 3주 후 급속안구운동 수면은 기준수면에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였고, 급속안구운동 수면잠재기는 증가하였다. 4) 항우울제 투여 1주 후와 3주 후의 수면을 비교시 수면잠재기가 3주에 유의하게 감소된 외에는 수면 변인의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5) 우울증상의 평가를 위하여 약물투여 1주 후와 3주 후에 시행한 Hamilton 우울척도 점수는 약물투여 전에 비하여 줄어들어 우울증상이 호전됨을 나타내었다. 6) 항우울제 투여 3주 후 치료반응이 좋았던 군의 수면특징은 기준수면에서 수면도중 각성시간이 증가된 경향을 나타내었고, 약물투여 1주 후의 수면에서는 4단계 수면의 양이 유의하게 감소되었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 우울증환자에서 삼환계 항우울제인 dothiepin 투여 후의 수면변화는 치료초기에 나타났다. 기준수면에서 각성기간의 증가와 1주 후의 수면에서 4단계 수면의 감소는 약물치료에 좋은 반응과 관련된 수면변인으로 생각되었다. Objectives : This study was designed to investigate 1) sleep changes after antidepressant (dothiepin) treatment, and 2) sleep variables which seem to be associated with clinical response in the depressed patients. Methods : The subjects consisted of 16 patients who fullfilled the criteria for major depression by the Diagnostic and statistical Manual, (4th edition). Their sleep was recorded using polysomnography at the baseline and after one week and three weeks of dothiepin treatment. All subjects were further interviewed using Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) to rate the severity of their depression. High response to the drug was defined as a reduction of more than 50% of the HRSD score. Results : The results were as follows : 1) Depressed patients after dothiepin treatment showed more total sleep time(p=0.019), shorter sleep latency(p=0.05), less awake time(p=0.033), more sleep efficiency(p=0.018), more stage 2 sleep(p=0.002), less REM time(p=0.000), and longer REM sleep latency(p=0.004) than before treatment. 2) There were no differences in sleep variables between those who received 1 week and 3 weeks of dothiepin treatment except for the shortening of sleep latency after 3 weeks(p<0.05). 3) Depressive symptom scores on HRSD were reduced after 1 week and 3 weeks of dothiepin treatment as compared with the baseline. 4) High responders showed a tendency of increased wake time(p=0.054), while their stage 4 sleep decreased after 1 week of dothiepin treatment as compared with the low responders(p=0.0136). Conclusion : These results suggest that sleep of the depressed patients after dothiepin treatment tends to be normalized and sleep changes seem to appear early in the treatment phase. In addition, clinical response might be associated with greater wake time at the baseline and lesser stage 4 sleep after 1 week of dothiepin treatment.

무역계약의 준거법으로서 국제상사계약에 관한 UNIDROIT 원칙의 적용가능성

홍성규 국제무역학회 2004 국제무역연구 Vol.10 No.2

국제비즈니스관계에서 세계 공통의 최대공약수적인 규범을 찾아 국제적인 법규법을 명문화하고자 하는 노력이 있어 왔는바, 국제상거래법위원회(UNCITRAL)가 만든 CISG는 그 대표적인 예이다. 그러나 CISG는 경성법적인 성격으로 인하여 당사자들이 준거법으로의 적용을 기피하게 되고, 법적흠결의 결과로 개별사건에 적용할 수 없는 등의 문제가 나타나자 국제사법위원회(UNIDROIT)는 국제적인 통일규칙으로 적용가능한 UNIDROIT원칙을 제정 ?공표하였다. UNIDROIT원칙의 가장 큰 특징은 CISG와 같은 협약(convention)이 아니기 때문에 각국에서 비준절차를 통하여 국내법화할 필요가 없다는 점이다. 즉 Lex Mercatoria로서 존재한다는 점이다. 따라서 UNIDROIT원칙은 단순한 계약서나 국제협약의 형식을 취하지 않으며, 일체의 구속력을 갖지 않고 오로지 설득력(persuasive value)에 의해서만 실무상 적용가능하게 된다. 우리나라도 CISG의 체약국임을 감안할 때, UNIDROIT원칙은 CISG를 해석·보충하는 역할을 하며 국제상사분쟁의 해결을 위한 무역계약의 준거법으로서 기능을 하게 되어 앞으로 활용가능성이 크게 확대될 것으로 전망된다. There have been efforts to find rules with the greatest common ground in international business and to stipulate international laws, and a representative result of such efforts is CISG created by the United National Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Because CISG had a problem in harmonizing the Continental law with common law, however, the stipulation of legal rules was delayed concerning major issues over which countries' interests clash with one another. Because of the nature of CISG as hard law, resultantly, concerned parties were reluctant to apply it as ground law and the law could not be applied to individual cases because of its legal deficiencies. Thus the International Institute of the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT) established UNIDROIT principles, which could be applicable as international unified rules. UNIDROIT principles came to function as applicable law in international disputes over business affairs and, as demonstrated by cases of application up to now, the applicability of the principles is expected to expand significantly in the future. In conclusion, UNIDROIT principles, along with CISG, are expected to play a great role as the applicable law of trade contracts and as standards for resolving trade disputes. Because the two are not in an exclusive relation but in a complementary relation with each other, it is necessary to make concurrent jurisprudential researches on them.

트랙터의 로터리 驅動을 위한 PTO 시스템과 油壓驅動 시스템의 性能 試驗에 關한 硏究

成始興,崔圭洪 建國大學校 附設 自然科學硏究所 1993 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

엔진 회전속도 변동에 따른 PTO 회전수, PTO 토크, PTO 출력 및 연료 소비율을 측정하여 기계식과 유압식의 동력 특성을 비교, 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 기계식, 유압식 모두 엔진의 회전 속도가 증가할수록 PTO 회전수는 증가하는 경향으로 나타났으며, 기계식이 변속단수 변동에 따른 엔진의 회전속도 폭이 안정적으로 나타난 대 반하여 유압식은 다소 크게 나타났다. 2) 엔진의 회전속도가 증가할수록 기계식, 유압식의 토크는 반비례 관계로 나타났다. 3) 최대 출력은 기계식의 경우 PTO 1, 2, 3단 순으로 나타난 데 비하여 유압식은 PTO 3, 2, 1단 순으로 나타나 PTO 변속 단수가 증가될수록 출력도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 4) 연료 소비율은 기계식, 유압식 모두 엔진의 회전수가 증가됨에 따라 연료 소비율은 어느 일정한 회전수 부근에서 최소가 된 후 다시 증가하는 경향으로 나타났다. 5) 유압구동 로터리의 효과적인 이용을 위해서는 유압펌프가 항상 고속으로 회전할 수 있도록 로터리는 어느 일정 회전속도를 유지시켜 작업하는 것이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 6) 유압식의 경우 유압펌프의 회전속도가 증가함에 따라 출력 및 연료 소비율이 향상되는 성으로 나타나 기계식에 비하여 효율이 크게 뒤떨어지지 않아 실용화의 가능성이 큰 것으로 생각되었다. The speed of revolution, the PTO torque, the PTO output power, and the specific fuel consumption caused by the variation in the revolution of an engine speed were measured. Therefore, the overall dynamic performance of the hydraulic PTO system was compared and analyzed with that of mechanical PTO system. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Both RPM of the hydraulic PTO and that of the mechanical one increased linearly as the engine speed increased. The engine speed from the variation of a mechanical type was saftly and small changed, but that of a hydraulic type was high changed. 2) Both torques of the hydraulic PTO system and those of the mechanical one decreased linearly as the engine speed increased. 3) The maximum power of the mechanical PTO system was the highest at the first gear of the mechanical one followed by the second one and the third one. However, that of the hydraulic PTO system was at the third gear followed by the second one and the first one. It means that the output power of a hydraulic PTO system increased as the variable PTO gear was increased. 4) After the specific fuel consumption decreased gradually to the specific point, which was required the lowest fuel consumption, then it increased as the engine speed increased. 5) To utilize effectively the hydraulic drive system, this system needs always to be kept revoluting constantly at an engine speed for hydraulic pump to rotate at the high speed. 6) The output power and the specific fuel consumption were improved by using the hydraulic system as the revolution of the engine speed was increased. The performance of hydraulic system was not significant of that of mechanical system. Therefore a hydraulic PTO system, which is convenient for a machine attached it to control automatically, would be utilized in future.

우수여자 유도선수들의 연간 트레이닝과 디트레이닝에 따른 무산소성 역치의 변화

홍관이,정정진,김학렬,김기진,조현철,손태열,노성규 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1992 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.2 No.1

The seasonal variance for estimate of exercise intensity, energy expenditure, maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold of elite women judo players(Group Ⅰ:4,Group Ⅱ: 4) was measured during 3,5,7,9,10month. The results of this study is as follows. 1. Exercise intensity by %HRmax during seasonal training was shown range of 56.45-73.62, 65.56-82.15, 80.03-86.62, 62.06-68.83%HRmax, respectiveley, from 3 to 9month in the warm up, additional exercise, main exercise and cooling down. 2. Energy expenditure per min during seasonal training was shown range of 4.09-7.96, 5.41-8.66, 8.95-9.90 and 5.05-6.41Kcal/min, respectiveley, from 3 to 9month in the warn up, additional exercise, main exercise, main exercsie and cooling down. 3. Changes of maximal oxygen uptake(VO₂max)during seasonal training and detraining not significant difference between both group, and in the seasonal variance. However, maximal heart rate during detraining expressed significant difference(p<0.05) between both group. 4. Anaerobic threshold levels during seasonal training and detraining not significant difference between both group, and in the seasonal variance. However, AT-VE(1/min) and AT- work time(min) of group Ⅱ expressed significant difference(p<0.01) in the seasonal variance.