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Sunduk Kim,Ji-Yeon Yang,Ho-Hyun Kim,In-Young Yeo,Dong-Chun Shin,Young-Wook Lim 환경독성보건학회 2012 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.27 No.-
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of ingestion exposure of lead by particle sizes of crumb rubber in artificial turffilling material with consideration of bioavailability. Methods: This study estimated the ingestion exposure by particle sizes (more than 250 um or less than 250 um) focusing on recyclable ethylene propylene diene monomer crumb rubber being used as artificial turf filling. Analysis on crumb rubber was conducted using body ingestion exposure estimate method in which total content test method, acid extraction method and digestion extraction method are reflected. Bioavailability which is a calibrating factor was reflected in ingestion exposure estimate method and applied in exposure assessment and risk assessment. Two methods using acid extraction and digestion extraction concentration were compared and evaluated. Results: As a result of the ingestion exposure of crumb rubber material, the average lead exposure amount to the digestion extraction result among crumb rubber was calculated to be 1.56×10-4 mg/kg-day for low grade elementary school students and 4.87×10-5 mg/kg-day for middle and high school students in 250 um or less particle size, and that to the acid extraction result was higher than the digestion extraction result. Results of digestion extraction and acid extraction showed that the hazard quotient was estimated by about over 2 times more in particle size of lower than 250 um than in higher than 250 um. There was a case of an elementary school student in which the hazard quotient exceeded 0.1. Conclusions: Results of this study confirm that the exposure of lead ingestion and risk level increases as the particle size of crumb rubber gets smaller.
퍼지 제어기를 이용한 브러시리스 직류전동기의 속도 제어에 관한 연구
김선욱,김재문,김연충,이상석,원충연 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.2
This paper deals with the speed control of a BLDCM with rectangular back electromotive force using fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy PI controllers make the many degrees of freedom in proportion to the number of the rule for input and its ability of adjustment for control input is excellent. Thus, the proper adjustment of the fuzzy rules can provide the good performance for the system. Above all, the advantage of the fuzzy controller has the characteristic of robustness for parameter variation, load change, noises. As a current controller, a hysterisis current controller is implemented, and in order to reduce torque ripple in low speed range, current controller detects the uncommutating mode current for every 60 electrical degree. The fuzzy speed controller is implemented by MCS80C196KC, a 16 bit one-chip microprocessor. The experimental results show that the performance of the fuzzy speed controller is superior to that of the conventional PI controller in terms of robustness for the change of load torque.
Case report: secondary infertility after pulmonary tuberculosis treatment
( Sunsuk Kim ),( Jongkil Joo ),( Sieun Han ),( Hyekyung Noh ),( Kyusup Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
The association between pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and female reproductive health problems is not well addressed. This case show the need to estimate the effect of pulmonary TB on menstrual patterns and fertility of women in childbearing age. The reasons for menstrual abnormalities after TB treatment can be associated with possible antigonadotropic effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and increased enzymatic catabolism of estrogen caused by antitubercular drug-rifampicin affecting luteinizing hormone surge. A 32 years old multiparous woman presented to our infertility clinic in April 2015 with two year history of secondary infertility. She had a history of therapeutic termination of pregnancy at 13 weeks gestation by dilatation and evacuation due to multi drug resistance tuberculosis in 2012. And she had induced abortion due to severe hyperemesis gravidarum at 8 weeks gestation in 2010. After tuberculosis medication, she tried for a natural pregnancy for a period of 1 yr with no success. She had been investigated extensively for infertility. Noting had been found except showing polycystic ovary, and two timed intercourses with clomiphene citrates and three intrauterine insemination treatment failed. After this she underwent one cycle of in vitro fertilization (IVF), which resulted in the full-term, normal delivery of a healthy baby at 39 weeks. Any disease which is associated with systemic inflammatory response can change menstral patterns. However, hypomenorrhea, amenorrhea and irregular menstration has been described in a substantial number of patients with pulmonary TB. Acccording to one study, very high (90.9%) incidence of menstrual dysfunction was observed in TB patients which was similar in pulmonary (90.5%) and extrapulmonary (91.7%) TB cases. But the reason for this is poorly understood. TB is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. We need to study the association with menstrual dysfunction and pulmonary TB.