http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
( Eileen L. Yoon ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Sang Bong Ahn ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Do Seon Song ),( Jae Yoon Jeong ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Sung Eun Kim ),( Hyoung Su Kim ),( 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: To evaluate the impact of L-carnitine on the improvement of quality of life (QOL) and cognitive function in liver cirrhosis patients with covert hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Methods: We conducted a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, phase III clinical trial in patients with covert HE. A total of 150 covert HE patients were randomized 1:1 to L-carnitine (1 g) or placebo for 24 weeks. Changes in QOL and cognitive function were assessed at 6 months. West Haven criteria, 36- Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES), and the Stroop Test were evaluated in all patients. Results: The L-carnitine supplement improved QOL compared to baseline. PHES scores were improved and normalization rates of minimal HE were increased in the L-carnitine group compared to baseline; however, median PHES scores and normalization rates were not different between the L-carnitine group and the placebo group at Week 24. Assessment of cognitive inhibition via the Stroop test showed significant improvement following 24 weeks of treatment in the L-carnitine group. Model for end stage liver disease scores were increased in the placebo group and significantly decreased in the L-carnitine group. Changes in total carnitine level positively correlated with rate correct scores of the Stroop test in the L-carnitine group. The incidence of adverse events was not different between the treatment groups. Conclusions: L-carnitine supplement was safe and effective for the improvement of QOL and cognitive dysfunction in covert HE patients with liver cirrhosis. (Clinical trial No. KCT0002029)
( Eileen L. Yoon ),( Sang Bong Ahn ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Do Seon Song ),( Jae Yoon Jeong ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Sung Eun Kim ),( Hyoung Su Kim ),( 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.4
Background/Aims: L-carnitine is potentially beneficial in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We aimed to evaluate the impact of L-carnitine on the quality of life and liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis and covert HE. Methods: We conducted an investigator-initiated, prospective, multi-center, double-blind, randomized phase III trial in patients with covert HE. A total of 150 patients were randomized 1:1 to L-carnitine (2 g/day) or placebo for 24 weeks. Changes in quality of life and liver function were assessed at 6 months. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES), and the Stroop Test were evaluated in all patients. Results: The total SF-36 score significantly improved in the L-carnitine group after 24 weeks (difference: median, 2; interquartile range, 0 to 11; p < 0.001); however, these values were comparable between the two groups. Furthermore, there was a significant ordinal improvement in PHES scores among patients with minimal HE who were in the L-carnitine group (p = 0.007). Changes in the total carnitine level also positively correlated with improvements in the Stroop test in the L-carnitine group (color test, r = 0.3; word test, r = 0.4; inhibition test, r = 0.5; inhibition/switching test, r = 0.3; all p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the MELD scores at week 24 did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: Twenty-four weeks of L-carnitine supplementation was safe but ineffective in improving quality of life and liver function.
Subpopulations of extracellular vesicles and their therapeutic potential
Lä,sser, Cecilia,Jang, Su Chul,Lö,tvall, Jan Elsevier 2018 Molecular aspects of medicine Vol.60 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, have over the last 10–15 years been recognized to convey key messages in the molecular communication between cells. Indeed, EVs have the capacity to shuttle proteins, lipids, and nucleotides such as RNA between cells, leading to an array of functional changes in the recipient cells. Importantly, the EV secretome changes significantly in diseased cells and under conditions of cellular stress. More recently, it has become evident that the EV secretome is exceptionally diverse, with many different types of EVs being released by a single cell type, and these EVs can be described in terms of differences in density, molecular cargos, and morphology. This review will discuss the diversity of EVs, will introduce some suggestions for how to categorize them, and will propose how EVs and their subpopulations might be used for very different therapeutic purposes.</P>
Characterization of the main component of equal width welded I-beam-to-RHS-column connections
Carlos López-Colina,Miguel A. Serrano,Miguel Lozano,Fernando L. Gayarre,Jesús M. Suárez,Tim Wilkinson 국제구조공학회 2019 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.32 No.3
The present paper tries to contribute fill the gap of application of the component method to tubular connections. For this purpose, one typical joint configuration in which just one component can be considered as active has been studied. These joints were selected as symmetrically loaded welded connections in which the beam width was the same as the column width. This focused the study on the component „side walls of rectangular hollow sections (RHS) in tension/compression‟. It should be one of the main components to be considered in welded unstiffened joints between I beams and RHS columns. Many experimental tests on double-sided I-beam-to-RHS-column joint with a width ratio 1 have been carried out by the authors and a finite element (FE) model was validated with their results. Then, some different analytical approaches for the component stiffness and strength have been assessed. Finally, the stiffness proposals have been compared with some FE simulations on I-beam-to-RHS-column joints. This work finally proposes the most adequate equations that were found for the stiffness and strength characterization of the component „side walls of RHS in tension/compression‟ to be applied in a further unified global proposal for the application of the component method to RHS.
A new approach for turn-on fluorescence sensing of L-DOPA
Wang, L.,Su, D.,Berry, S.,Lee, J.,Chang, Y. T. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Chemical communications Vol.53 No.92
<P>A novel design strategy for the fluorescence sensing of L-DOPA is reported. Resa-Sulf displays a significant turn-on fluorescence response to L-DOPA due to its reduction properties; this sensing mechanism was fully confirmed by mechanistic studies. Furthermore, Resa-Sulf was successfully utilized to quantitatively detect L-DOPA concentrations from a commercially available source.</P>
Enrique Jesús Delgado-Suárez,Rocío Ortíz-López,Wondwossen A. Gebreyes,Marc W. Allard,Francisco Barona-Gómez,María Salud Rubio-Lozano 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.4
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is increasingly common worldwide. While food animals are thought to contribute to the growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problem, limited data is documenting this relationship, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Herein, we aimed to assess the role of non-clinical NTS of bovine origin as reservoirs of AMR genes of human clinical significance. We evaluated the phenotypic and genotypic AMR profiles in a set of 44 bovine-associated NTS. For comparative purposes, we also included genotypic AMR data of additional isolates from Mexico (n = 1,067) that are publicly available. The most frequent AMR phenotypes in our isolates involved tetracycline (40/44), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (26/44), chloramphenicol (19/44), ampicillin (18/44), streptomycin (16/44), and carbenicillin (13/44), while nearly 70% of the strains were MDR. These phenotypes were correlated with a widespread distribution of AMR genes (i.e. tetA, aadA, dfrA12, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, bla-TEM-1, blaCARB-2) against multiple antibiotic classes, with some of them contributed by plasmids and/or class-1 integrons. We observed different AMR genotypes for betalactams and tetracycline resistance, providing evidence of convergent evolution and adaptive AMR. The probability of MDR genotype occurrence was higher in meat-associated isolates than in those from other sources (odds ratio 11.2, 95% confidence interval 4.5–27.9, P < 0.0001). The study shows that beef cattle are a significant source of MDR NTS in Mexico, highlighting the role of animal production on the emergence and spread of MDR Salmonella in LMIC.
Experiment and simulation of tearing mode evolution with electron cyclotron current drive in KSTAR
Kim, Kyungjin,Na, Yong-Su,Kim, Minhwa,Jeon, Y.M.,Lee, K.D.,Bak, J.G.,Choi, M.J.,Yun, G.S.,Lee, S.G.,Park, S.,Jeong, J.H.,Terzolo, L.,Na, D.H.,Yoo, M.G. Elsevier 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The tearing mode (TM) plasma instability was observed in low confinement (L-mode) plasmas when non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbation (MP) was applied using external coils during 2011 campaign of KSTAR. Based on the collected information of the magnetic island location in a plasma, a discharge was designed for suppression of a (2,1) TM mode by adjusting electron cyclotron (EC) launcher angles to the estimated island position. Here, the (m,n) notation describes the poloidal mode number and the toroidal mode number of the TM, respectively. The discharge is analysed with experimental observations and numerical simulations. Mirnov coil (MC) arrays and electron cyclotron emission (ECE) are used for analysis of the island width and the location as well as the mode number. The EC deposition and its alignment with the island are estimated by X-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy (XICS) and ECE measurements. An integrated numerical system is employed for modelling of this discharge to analyse a temporal evolution of the mode activity by integrating plasma equilibrium, transport, heating and current drive, and the magnetic island evolution, in a self-consistent way. The effect of EC current drive is discussed by comparing with another TM discharge but without ECCD. Some possibilities for classifying this mode to neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) and stabilisation effect of ECCD are suggested based on the experimental observation and the simulation results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Suppression of (2,1) TM/NTM by applying ECH/CD for the first time in KSTAR. </LI> <LI> Suppression of the mode examined by experimental observations and simulations. </LI> <LI> Simulation of a mode without ECCD to compare with/without the applied control. </LI> </UL> </P>