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중독한 추체로 증상을 보인 cyclosporine에 의한 뇌증 1예
강정현,곽승근,신현영,김성은,이정호,이정찬,곽상혁,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용,김제,송창준 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1
The use of cyclosporine(CsA), a potent immunosuppressive agent, is associated with numerous side effects. Neurotoxicity was earlier less well known, but with growing experience central nervous system side effects are now reported up to 40% of patients. Among various CsA-induced neurotoxicities, tremor is most common and posterior leukoencephalopathy is well characterized. An encephalopathy presenting with pyramidal weakness, however, seems to be rare and poorly documented. We report here a case of encephalopathy presenting with multiple generalized seizures followed by fluctuating quadriparesis developed a few days after starting CsA and resolved spontaneously after withdrawal of the drug . A 48-year-old woman with aplastic anemia was placed upon immmunosuppressive treatment consisting of antithymocyte globulin(ATG), CsA, and methylprednisolone. Two days after starting the therapy, she developed a generalized seizure. The next day she developed 2 more episodes of seizure and the therapy was stopped. Computed tomogram of the brain was normal. Six days after starting therapy, she developed mild motor weakness and paresthesia of both lower extremities, which progressed to a definite quariparesis confining her to a bed in 3 days. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain revealed asymmetric, bilateral high-signal abnormalites in the subcortical white matter of fronto-temporal areas. After reaching to a maximum with some fluactuation(14 days after starting the therapy) the motor weakness started to be resolved. She was discharged with a almost complete resolution of the weakness 45 days after starting the therapy. Five months later she did well and brain MRI was negative.
Vitamin D_(3)가 RAW 세포에 감염된 Mycobacterium marinum의 증식억제에 미치는 기전 연구
박정규,정샛별,이길수,김수영,송창화,박종호,조현구,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1
The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1(Nramp1) has been proposed to directly regulate bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity of the macrophage toward pathogens or participate in macrophage activation that lead to microbial elimination in the host. The relationship between Nramp1 and nitric oxide(NO) as an antimicrobial factor has not been precisely defined to date. To devise an in vitro assay for Nramp1 function, this study introduced a wild type Nramp1^(G169) cDKA transfected RAW264.7 macrophages(A8) which bear a homozygous mutant Nramp1^(D169) allele and are permissive to replication of specific intracellular parasites. RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages did not produce NO, but vitamin D_(3)-activated-Mycobacterium marinum-infected RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages pretreated with vitamin D_(3) leaded to the increase of NO production and growth inhibition of M. marinum. Inhibition of NO production by a NO inhibitor, L-NAME, abolished the above effects. The mRNA expression of iNOS in infected macrophages with costimulated vitamin D_(3) was increased. IFN-γ activated macrophages also showed the same results with vitamin D_(3) activated macrophages. These results suggest that bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity in RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages correlated with the production of NO, although NO might not be the only factor responsible for controlling M. marinum infection. The Nrampl gene is considered to be a cofactor in the controlling the replication of M. marinum infection.
Song, Chang-Hwa,Lee, Ji-Sook,Lee, So-Hyun,Lim, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Kil-Soo,Jung, Saet-Byel,Kim, Su-Young,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Paik, Tae-Hyun,Jo, Eun-Kyeong The Korean Society for Microbiology 2003 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.33 No.2
Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis are closely associated with the initial responses of macrophages to mycobacteria. In this study, we investigated the signal transduction pathways for the secretion of cytokines and chemokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)] in human blood monocytes infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. M. tuberculosis H37Rv infection induced the secretion of significant amounts of TNF-$\alpha$, IL-10, IL-8, and MCP-1 from human blood monocytes. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation [extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) and p38 kinase] showed rapid phosphorylation of both subfamilies in response to M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Using highly specific inhibitors of p38 (SB203580) and of MEK-1 (U0126 and PD98059), we found that both p38 and ERK were essential for M. tuberculosis H37Rv-induced TNF-$\alpha$ production, whereas activation of the p38 pathway, but not that of ERK, was essential for M. tuberculosis H37Rv-induced IL-10 production. Interestingly, the ERK pathway, but not that of p38, was critical for MCP-1 secretion from human blood monocytes infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. However, IL-8 secretion was regulated neither by ERK1/2 nor p38 MAPK. Collectively, these results suggest that induction of the MAPK pathway is required for the expression of TNF-$\alpha$. IL-10, and MCP-1 by human blood monocytes during M. tuberculosis H37Rv infection.
Song, Hyun Beom,Wi, Jung-Sub,Jo, Dong Hyun,Kim, Jin Hyoung,Lee, Sang-Won,Lee, Tae Geol,Kim, Jeong Hun 1637.934400 2017 NANOMEDICINE Vol.13 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bare gold nanospheres have been shown to have anti-angiogenic effects but are optically unfavorable because their resonant wavelength lies in the visible spectrum. Here, we design gold nanodisks with a higher scattering capability than gold nanorods and with a resonant wavelength at near-infrared region – the area where the source of light utilized by optical coherence tomography (OCT) lies. With a physical synthesis system, we then fabricate 160-nm-sized gold nanodisks exhibiting resonant wavelength at 830 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles were successfully visualized in <I>in vivo</I> OCT at concentrations as low as 1 pM. After demonstrating their binding ability to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), we show that they suppress VEGF-induced migration of endothelial cells. Finally, we demonstrate that intravitreally injected gold nanodisks attenuate neovascularization of oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice, in a dose dependent manner, such that they are cleared from the vitreous within 2 weeks without histologic or electrophysiologic toxicity.</P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>To design gold nanoparticles with high contrast in optical coherence tomography (OCT), shape, size and surface charge were considered. Gold nanodisks have higher scattering efficiencies and resonant wavelength can be modulated by changing size. Negative zeta potential of bare gold facilitates diffusion in the vitreous. As a result, 160-nm-sized bare gold nanodisks exhibiting resonant wavelength at 830 nm where the source of light utilized by OCT lies were fabricated. Intravitreally injected gold nanodisks showed strong signal intensity in <I>in vivo</I> OCT and could attenuate retinal neovascularization of oxygen-induced retinopathy mice. They were cleared by 2 weeks without any unbearable toxicity.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Song Du Hyun,Kim Nayoung,Jo Hyeong Ho,Kim Sangbin,Choi Yonghoon,Oh Hyeon Jeong,Lee Hye Seung,Yoon Hyuk,Shin Cheol Min,Park Young Soo,Lee Dong Ho,Kang So Hyun,Park Young Suk,Ahn Sang-Hoon,Suh Yun-Suhk 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.2
Background/Aims: Synchronous multiple gastric cancer (SMGC) accounts for approximately 6% to 14% of gastric cancer (GC) cases. This study aimed to identify risk factors for SMGC. Methods: A total of 14,603 patients diagnosed with GC were prospectively enrolled. Data including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history, p53 expression, microsatellite instability, cancer classification, lymph node metastasis, and treatment were collected. Risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression analysis between a single GC and SMGC. Results: The incidence of SMGC was 4.04%, and that of early GC (EGC) and advanced GC (AGC) was 5.43% and 3.11%, respectively. Patients with SMGC were older (65.33 years vs 61.75 years, p<0.001) and more likely to be male. Lymph node metastasis was found in 27% of patients with SMGC and 32% of patients with single GC. Multivariate analysis showed that SMGC was associated with sex (male odds ratio [OR], 1.669; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.223 to 2.278; p=0.001), age (≥65 years OR, 1.532; 95% CI, 1.169 to 2.008; p=0.002), and EGC (OR, 1.929; 95% CI, 1.432 to 2.600; p<0.001). Survival rates were affected by Lauren classification, sex, tumor size, cancer type, distant metastasis, and venous invasion but were not related to the number of GCs. However, the survival rate of AGC with SMGC was very high. Conclusions: SMGC had unique characteristics such as male sex, older age, and EGC, and the survival rate of AGC, in which the intestinal type was much more frequent, was very good (Trial registration number: NCT04973631).
Efficient coordination of parallel threads of H.264/AVC decoder for performance improvement
Song Hyun Jo,Seongmin Jo,Yong Ho Song IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS - Vol.56 No.3
<P>The H.264/AVC decoder is a video codec standard that provides a high compression rate for a video. This decoder includes various algorithms to enhance the compression effect and consequently requires significant computational capability from processors to execute those algorithms. Since multi-core platforms are being widely used, research has been performed to improve the performance of the software H.264/AVC decoder by parallelizing it within multi-core platforms. However, there are many obstacles to parallelizing the existing decoder due to restrictions such as sequential execution, data subordination, and other limitations of the decoder. The parallelization of the decoder is often limited only to a subset of decoder functions. This paper analyzes such restrictions as the sequential execution and data subordination existent inside the H.264/AVC decoder and suggests a method for controlling the parallel execution of threads in order to bypass such restrictions. The experimental results show that the H.264/AVC decoder proposed parallelization technique achieves a 25% increase in speed compared with that of the existing parallelization approach.</P>
Song, Chang-Hyun,Kim, Jin-Soo,Shinde, Prashant,Kim, Young-Woo,Kim, Kwang-Hyun,Kwon, Ill-Kyung,Kang, Sun-Moon,Lee, Sung-Ki,Chae, Byung-Jo Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.4
In this study, pigs [n=117; (Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc; $64{\pm}0.5$ Kg initial body weight] were used to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of lacquer (Rhus verniciflua Stokes) meal on performance, carcass traits and quality of meat kept under refrigeration at $3{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The pigs were randomly allotted to 3 treatments on the basis of body weight and sex and each treatment was replicated 3 times (13 pigs in each replicate). Lacquer meal in sawdust form obtained from the stem bark and heartwood of sun-dried lacquer trees was added to the grower and finisher diets at 0, 20 and 40 g/kg diet. The experimental diets were fed for 8 wk. Inclusion of lacquer meal had no influence (p>0.05) on growth performance of pigs. Improvement in carcass traits and decreased back fat thickness were noticed in pigs fed diets added with 20 and 40 g/kg lacquer meal. Longissimus muscle obtained from pigs fed lacquer meal had higher moisture and lower fat content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and water holding capacity. Meat from lacquer fed pigs was also darker and redder. The data indicates that lacquer meal can be incorporated up to 40 g/kg in the diet of fattening pigs without affecting growth performance. Also, lacquer meal increases carcass lean content and improves the oxidative stability of the meat.