Screening with the Korean Version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorders in Adolescents: Korean Validity and Reliability Study

Se-Hoon Shim,Jong-Hun Lee,Jye-Heon Song,Beomwoo Nam,Bo-Hyun Yoon,Ha-young Jin,Hyung-Mo Sung,Jong Hyun Jeong,Sae-Heon Jang,Duk-In Jon,Young Sup Woo,Won-Myong Bahk 대한정신약물학회 2018 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.3

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of a Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire-Adolescent version (K-MDQ-A) as a screening instrument for bipolar disorders in adolescents. Methods: One hundred two adolescents with bipolar disorders and their parents were recruited from November 2014 to November 2016 at 7 training hospitals. One hundred six controls were recruited from each middle school in two cities of South Korea. The parent version of the original MDQ-A was translated into Korean. The parents of all participants completed the K-MDQ-A. The diagnoses of bipolar disorders were determined based on the Korean version of K-SADS-PL. The test-retest reliability with a 10-month interval was investigated in 33 bipolar adolescents. Results: K-MDQ-A yielded a sensitivity of 0.90 and a specificity of 0.92 when using a cut-off score of endorsement of 5 items, indicating that symptoms occurred in the same time period and caused moderate or serious problems. The internal consistency of the K-MDQ-A was good. The correlations between each item and the total score ranged from 0.40 to 0.76 and were all statistically significant. Factor analysis revealed 3 factors that explained 61.25% of the total variance. The mean total score was significantly higher in bipolar adolescents (7.29) than in controls (1.32). The Pearson correlation coefficient for the total test-retest score was 0.59 (p<0.001). Conclusion: The K-MDQ-A completed by parents showed the excellent validity and reliability and may be a useful screening tool for adolescents with bipolar disorders attending in- and outpatient psychiatric clinics.

Nelumbinis Semen Reverses a Decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$Receptor Binding Induced by Chronic Mild Stress, a Depression-like Symptom

Jang, Choon-Gon,Kang, Moon-Kyu,Cho, Jae-Han,Lee, Sun-Bok,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Park, Soon-Kwon,Lee, Jin-Woo,Park, Seong-Kyu,Hong, Moo-Chang,Shin, Min-Kyu,Shim, In-Sup,Bae , Hyun-Su The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.10

Depression is associated with a dysfunctional serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) system. More recently, several lines of evidence suggest that an important factor in the development of depression may be a deficit in the function and expression of $5-HT_{1A}$ receptors. The present study assessed if Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) had an anti-depression effect through reversing a decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in rats with depression-like symptoms induced by chronic mild stress. Using a $5-HT_{1A}$ receptor binding assay, with a specific $5-HT_{1A}$receptor agonist, 8- OH-DPAT (8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin), the mechanism of the anti-depression effect of N. s. on rats was investigated, and the effects compared with two well-known antidepressants, Hyperium Perforatum (St. Johns Wort) and fluoxetine (Prozac). Animals were divided into five groups: the normal (N) group without chronic mild stress (CMS), the control (C) group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Hyperium Perforatum (H. p.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks and finally, the fluoxetine (F) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks. Each treatment was administered to rats during the last 4 weeks of the 8-week CMS. A sucrose intake test was performed to test the anti-depression effect of N. s. The N. s. treatment significantly reversed the decreased sucrose intake under CMS (P<0.05 compared to control group under CMS). In the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, both N. s. and H. p. reversed the CMS-induced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. In the I to II regions of the frontal cortex, N. s. and H. p. also reversed the CMS-induced decrease in$5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding, and even showed a significant increase in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding compared to the F treatment group (N. s. vs. P, p<0.05, H. p. vs. P, p<0.05). However, in the hypothalamus, all treatments reversed the CMSinduced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. This reversal effect of N. s. on the decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat brains was very similar to that of H. p, but different from that of F. It is concluded that N. s. presents an anti-depression effect through enhancing $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding.

동아프리카 경제발전의 성과와 문제적 현황

왕인근,심의섭 서울대학교 농과대학 농업개발연구소 1993 서울대농학연구지 Vol.18 No.1

This paper of area studies category with respect to East Africa's economic development examined the achievements and problematic situation today, making use of latest information and extensive study literature available. With little general description of the seven countries selevted from those generally categorized as East Africa, relatively in-depth but concise examination and analysis were made of available of the economic development constraints numbering three, which were carefully but arbilrarily selected. They were: (a) conspicuous attributes of development resources endowed and available; (b) economic development strategies being adopted and national capacity of their development planning and implementation; and (c) economic development cooperation both in East Africa and with external countries and donors. In some unorthodox manner, the conclusion, entitled "a comprehensive evaluation of economic development constraints in East Africa" was lengthly developed of strategies of East Africa, which should have very much meaningful implications for other three areas of Central Africa, West Africa and Southern Africa.

관상동맥 스텐트 삽입술 후 항합요법의 무작위 비교

윤영섭,이두희,편욱범,김인재,장양수,조승연,심원흠 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.7

Dose Trends of Aripiprazole from 2004 to 2014 in Psychiatric Inpatients in Korea

Young Sup Woo,In Hee Shim,Sang Yeol Lee,Dae Bo Lee,Moon Doo Kim,Young-Eun Jung,이종훈,Seunghee Won,전덕인,Won-Myong Bahk 대한정신약물학회 2017 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.15 No.2

Objective: Although aripiprazole has been widely used to treat various psychiatric disorders, little is known about the adequate dosage for Asian patients in clinical practice. Hence, we evaluated the initial and maximum doses of aripiprazole from 2004 to 2014 to estimate the appropriate dosage for Korean psychiatric inpatients in clinical practice. Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of patients who were hospitalized in five university hospitals in Korea from March 2004 to December 2014. The psychiatric diagnosis according to the text revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition during index hospitalization and the initial and maximum doses of aripiprazole were evaluated. Results: There were 74 patients in Wave 1 (2004-2006), 201 patients in Wave 2 (2007-2010), and 353 patients in Wave 3 (2011-2014). The initial doses of aripiprazole in all diagnostic groups were significantly lower in Wave 3 than in Wave 2. The maximum doses of aripiprazole in each diagnostic group were not significantly different among Waves 1, 2, and 3. Conclusion: The relatively low initial doses of aripiprazole documented in our study may reflect a strategy by clinicians to minimize the side effects associated with aripiprazole use, such as akathisia.

Screening Methods for Anti-senescence Activity in Dermal Fibroblasts under Pyruvate-deprivation Conditions

Kil, In Sup,Shim, Jinsup,Cho, Gayoung,Choi, Sowoong,Son, Eui Dong,Kim, Hyoung-June Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea 2019 Korean journal of cosmetic science Vol.1 No.1

The identification of compounds with anti-senescence activity in cell culture system is a first step in aging research. Given that pyruvate can be used energy source by conversion to acetyl-CoA in mitochondria, and protects cultured cell from various stress-induced cell damage and cell death, synthetic media (e.g., DMEM) often includes 1 mM pyruvate, which is very higher than the pyruvate concentration in human blood (approximately 30 ��M). However, the use of medium containing high concentration of pyruvate is not suitable for screening anti-senescence compounds, because pyruvate also protects against the cellular senescence of primary human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) through NAD+ generated during conversion to lactate. In this study, four extracts, i.e., Sprouted seed and fruit complex, Poncirus trifoliata fruit extract, Jaum balancing complex, and Prunus mume extract were used for evaluation of different anti-senescence effect in the absence or presence of 0.1 mM pyruvate, similar to the physiological pyruvate concentration. The senescence in NHDFs cultured with DMEM in the presence of 0.1 mM pyruvate (approximately the physiological concentration in human blood) is accelerated, as observed in pyruvate deprivation conditions. The cytotoxicity of the Poncirus trifoliata fruit extract was protected by pyruvate, and Jaum balancing complex and Prunus mume extract had anti-senescence activity in the presence of 0.1 mM pyruvate, but not in the absence of pyruvate. Given that pyruvate is a powerful protector against both cytotoxicity and cellular senescence, the screening of candidate agents for anti-senescence in high pyruvate conditions using an in vitro cell culture system is not valid. Therefore, we recommend the use of a low concentration of pyruvate to evaluate the anti-senescence effects of candidates, which is more similar to in vivo aging conditions than excessive stress-induced senescence models, to exclude the effect of excessive pyruvate in vitro.

數種의 植物血球凝集素와 Prednisolone acetate가 失血家兎의 末梢血液像에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的 硏究

沈昶燮,金仁仙,白承龍 고려대학교 의과대학 1980 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.17 No.1

The ability of the extracts of Phaseolus vulgaris, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), to initiate blast transformation and active cell division of human small lymphocytes is well known. After Humble explored the in vivo effects of PHA in animal and man, many clinical trials in the treatment of aplastic anemia were performed. However the fact that hydrocortisone and prednisolone inhibit PHA-induced transformation of lymphocytes have also been investigated. As we know, corticosteroid hormones have striking pharmacologic effect on lymphoid tissues and cells with diminution in the tissues and peripheral blood. But PHA-stimulated lymphocytes are more sensitive to the corticosteroid hormones. The author studied the effects of crude extracts of Korea native plant agglutinins, Eucommnia ulmoides Oliver (EUO), Xanthoxylum bungei Planchon (XBP), Arisaema amurense Max (AAM), and Paeoni albiflora Pallas (PAP) and PHA-M(Difco Lab.) on the recovery of anemia and leukocytes, and the inhibition of their effects by prednisolone acetate. The extracts were prepared by homogenization and millipore filtration of each 1gm of plants and then 1㎖ of each extracts were intravenously injected. PHA-M(1㎎/㎏) and prednisolone acetate (1㎎/㎏) were injected intravenously and intraperitoneally respectively. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In control group, the anemia induced by acute blood loss was recovered at 12th day and there were the initial leukocytosis and no significant change in the lymphocyte. 2. EUO and XBP injection groups showed no effects on the recovery of anemia induced by acute blood loss, but AAM, PAP and PHA-M shortened the recovery time of anemia. 3. Although all of the groups with plant extracts injection showed initial leukocytosis, there followed the second increase of total leukocyte count around the recovery of anemia in PAP and PHA-M injection groups. The increase in the number of lymphocyte appeared in all of the groups with extracts injection except AAM injection group. 4. Prednisolone acetate injection group showed faster recovery from anemia than control group and decreased the number of lymphocyte without the change in number of total leukocyte. 5. In AAM, PAP and PHA-M injection groups, the lymphocytes were markedly decreased in number and the recovery from anemia were delayed by prednisolone acetate, but EUO and XBP could not alter the effect of prednisolone acetate. In summary, the effects of the crude extracts of plant agglutinins to the recovery of anemia seemed not to be related with the agglutinating activities and prednisolone acetate inhibited the PHA-stimulated lymphocytes and delayed the time of recovery from anemia.

Differences in Prevalence of Lymphovascular Invasion among Early Gastric Cancers between Korea and Japan

( Sun-young Lee ),( Naohisa Yoshida ),( Osamu Dohi ),( Sang Pyo Lee ),( Daisuke Ichikawa ),( Jeong Hwan Kim ),( In-kyung Sung ),( Hyung Seok Park ),( Eigo Otsuji ),( Yoshito Itoh ),( Chan Sup Shim ),( 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.3

Background/Aims: The presence of invasion is a diagnostic criterion of early gastric cancer (EGC) in Korea, whereas diagnosis in Japan is based on enlarged nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Moreover, the depth of invasion is the location of cancer cell infiltration in Korea, whereas it is the location of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) or cancer cell infiltration in Japan. We evaluated the characteristics of EGC with LVI to uncover the effects of different diagnostic criteria. Methods: Consecutive T1-stage EGC patients who underwent complete resection were included after endoscopic or surgical resection. The presence of LVI was evaluated. Results: LVI was present in 112 of 1,089 T1-stage EGC patients. LVI was associated with depth of invasion (p<0.001) and age (p=0.017). The prevalence of LVI in mucosal cancer was significantly higher in Korea (p<0.001), whereas that of submucosal cancer was higher in Japan (p=0.024). For mucosal EGC types, LVI was positively correlated with diagnostic criteria applied in Korea (p=0.017). For submucosal EGC types, LVI was positively correlated with Japanese criteria (p=0.001) and old age (p=0.045). Conclusions: The higher prevalence of LVI for mucosal EGC in Korea and for submucosal EGC in Japan indicates that different diagnostic criteria should be considered when reading publications from other countries. (Gut Liver 2017;11:383-391)

Omeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin의 삼제 병합요법의 Helicobacter pylori 박멸효과

정인섭(In Seop Jung),홍수진(Su Jin Hong),김진오(Jin Oh Kim),조주영(Joo Young Cho),이문성(Moon Sung Lee),심찬섭(Chan Sup Shim) 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.58 No.6

N/A Backgroud : Today, the eradication of H. pylori represents a generally accepted and beneficial therapeutic strategy for treatment and prevention of peptic ulcer relapse. Major factors that have affected H. pylori eradication are eradication rate of regimen, compliance of patients and complications of drugs. Recently, the combination of omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin has been accepted as one of the most effective treatment for the eradication of H. pylori. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of this therapeutic modality in Korean patients. Methods : Two hundred twenty three patients with peptic ulcer and H. pylori infection were taken two types of triple therapy. Group A were treated with omeprazole 20 mg bid, amoxicillin 500 mg tid, clarithromycin 500 mg tid daily for 14 days. Group B were treated with omeprazole 20 mg bid, amoxicillin 1g bid, clarithromycin 500 mg bid daily for 7 days. Endoscopy with H. pylori tests was repeated 4 weeks after the end of treatment and then biopsy specimens were taken in antrum and body. CLO test and Warthin Starry silver stain were conducted concordantly. Results : The H. pylori eradication rate was 92.5% in group A, 90.4% in group B. There was no significant difference in eradication rate. More than 50% of ulcer size reduction was observed 90.5% in group A, 86.3% in group B. There was no significant difference in ulcer healing(p > 0.05). The incidence of all side effects in both group were as follows; 22.6% in group A, 19.1% in group B. But major side effect was found only group A, of whom the symptom was too serious for the treatment to continue. Conclusion : We concluded that the seven days regimen was more favorable, because the eradication rate was almost the same as the 14 days regimen. And drug compliance and cost effectiveness were better than 14 days treatment regimen.(Korean J Med 58:626-631, 2000)

DNA In Site hybridization 법에 의한 위조직내의 H . pylori의 검출

김진홍(Jin Hong Kim),함기백(Ki Baik Hahm),조성원(Sung Won Cho),이상인(Sang In Lee),이준성(Jun Sung Lee),한동철(Dong Cheol Han),심찬섭(Chan Sup Shim),이희발(Hi Bahl Lee) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.2

N/A Backgound/Aims: It has become clear that Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is the major etiologic agent of active chronic gastritis and that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer. Although H. pylori is not generally regarded as an invasive organism, there is an increasing recognition that it can be occasionally observed within cells and that infection may result in inflarnmation due to transport of H. pylori products into the gastric rnucosal tissue. But it is not clear at present whether intracellular invasion occurs in certain or all patients. The aims of this study were to assess the usefulness of DNA in situ hybridization in the detection of H. pylori in the gastric tissue and to observe the pathobiological distribution of H. pylori DNA in the gastric tissue. Methods: Rapid urease test(CLO test), hetnatoxylin-eosin stain, Warthin-Starry silver stain, polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and DNA in situ hybridization were performed with endoscopic biopsy specimens from the gastric antrum in the 27 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms including 11 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, 10 patients with duodenal ulcer, 2 patients with gastric ulcer, 2 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 2 patients with gastric cancer. Results: The positive rates of H, pylori infection in 27 patients were 59.3% in CLO test, 59.3% in Warthin-Starry silver stain, 66.7% in PCR, 70.47o in DNA in situ hybridization. Out of 27 patients, 15 patients revealed a11 positive results in all the tests, 8 patients revealed all negative results in a11 the tests, 1 patient revealed positive resu)ts in the tests except CLO test, 1 patient revealed positive results in the tests except Warthin-Starry silver stain, l patient revealed positive results only in the PCR and DNA in situ hybridization, and 1 patient revealed positive results only in DNA in situ hybridization. The grade of H. pylori infection in Warthin-Starry silver stain had a positive correlation with the grade of active gastritis in hematoxylin-eosin stain(p0.01). The grade of H. pylori infection in Warthin-Starry silver stain had a positive correlation with the grade of DNA in situ hybridizalion(p0.01). In DNA in situ hybridization, H. pylori DNA was seen in the mucus layer overlaying the epithe- lium in all of the patients who revealed positive results, and occasionally inside the epithelial cell in 6 patients and the lamina propria of the gastric tissue in 2 patients. The grade of H. pylori infection in Warthin-Starry silver stain was not statistically different between the patients with and without H. pylori inside the gastric tissue(P>0.05). The grade of DNA in situ hybridi- zation was also not statistically different between the patients with and without H. pylori inside the gastric tissue(PO.OS). Conclusions: DNA in situ hybridization was an useful metbod in tbe detection of H. pylori in the gastric tissue and H. pylori was occasionally observed inside the epithelial cell and the lamina propria of the gastric tissue as well as in mucus layer. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:221 - 223)