超短波治療의 效率性에 關한 臨床檢討

文錫哉,羅相孝,金宇煥 圓光大學校 漢醫科大學 1984 圓光漢醫大論文集 Vol.- No.2

This study is investigated to examine how efficiently the ultra short wave-cure utensil would be helpful to acupuncture treatment. Through investigation, we abtained the following consequences in result of ultra short wave cure [with acupuncture treatment in the causes of 15 patients (44.12%)] to 34 cases of patients who had come receive treatment in Kwang Ju oriental medical Hospital for 2 months from July to August, 1984 ; 1) According to the proportion of males to females, the number of female patients [21 cases (61.76 %)], is more than that of male patients [13 cases (38.24 %)], and in age the ages between 10 and 29 os the highest in th rate. 2) In term of onset of disease, the cases of 10 days period formed 41.18 %(14 cases) of the total and over 2 years period were second 14 cases (29.41 %). 3) In the frequency of treatment, 10-20 times was 88.24 %(30 cases) of the total and in term, 20-40 days was necessary in treatment. 4) More of abjects were patients in motornervous system. 5) In spite of chronic patients in most objects, significant efficiency was abtained in 70.59 %(24 cases).

Evolution of nanomorphology and anisotropic conductivity in solvent-modified PEDOT:PSS films for polymeric anodes of polymer solar cells

Na, Seok-In,Wang, Gunuk,Kim, Seok-Soon,Kim, Tae-Wook,Oh, Seung-Hwan,Yu, Byung-Kwan,Lee, Takhee,Kim, Dong-Yu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.19 No.47

<p>A highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film, obtained by addition of a polar solvent, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), to an aqueous solution of PEDOT:PSS, was thoroughly investigated to gain a deeper understanding of the fundamental characteristics of the solvent-modified PEDOT:PSS film. Use of the DMSO-modified PEDOT:PSS film as a transparent anode to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency ITO-free organic solar cells (OSCs) based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C<SUB>61</SUB> (PCBM) was also examined. Changes in the conductivity, morphology, surface composition, work-function, and anisotropic conductivity in both the parallel and perpendicular directions of solvent-treated PEDOT:PSS films that resulted from the addition of various amounts of DMSO were investigated to better understand the nature of the solvent-modified PEDOT:PSS film and the origin of its dramatically enhanced conductivity. Furthermore, the effects of using the modified PEDOT:PSS films as polymer anodes on solar cell performance were investigated by addition of various amounts of DMSO and by the use of PEDOT:PSS films with different thicknesses. The ITO-free OSCs with optimized PEDOT:PSS anodes had a high power conversion efficiency that was comparable to that of conventional ITO-based devices.</p> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Highly conductive PEDOT:PSS films were thoroughly investigated for a deeper understanding of solvent-modified PEDOT:PSS films and their use as transparent anodes of polymer solar cells. <img src='http://pubs.rsc.org/ej/JM/2009/b915756e/b915756e-ga.gif'> </P>

REDUCTION OF AUDIBLE SWITCHING NOISE IN INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES USING RANDOM POSITION PWM

Seok-Hwan Na,Seok-Oh Wi,Young-Cheol Lim,Sung-Hak Yang 전력전자학회 1998 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

RPWM (Random Pulse Width Modulation) is a switching technique to spread the voltage and current harmonics on the wide frequency area Using randomly changed switching frequency of the inverter, the power spectrum of the electromagnetic acoustic noise can be spread to the wide-band area The wide-band noise is much more comfortable and less annoying than the narrow-band one. So RPWM have been attracting an interest as an excellent method for the reduction of acoustic noise on the inverter drive system In this paper a new RPPWM (Random Position PWM) is proposed and implemented Each of three pulses is located randomly in each switching interval Along with the randomization of PWM pulses, the space vector modulation is executed in the C167 microcontroller also The experimental results show that the voltage and current harmonics were spread to wide band area and that the audible switching noise was reduced by proposed RPPWM method.<br/>

HCC : O-052 ; Clinical outcomes of sorafenib treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A multi-institute experience

( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Il Han Song ),( Ran Noh ),( Ha Yan Kang ),( Soon Young Ko ),( Eom Seok Lee ),( Seok Hyun Kim ),( An Na Kim ),( Byung Seok Lee ),( Hee Bok Chae ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Young Woo Kang ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1

Backgroud/Aims: Sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic and antiproliferative properties, showed significant benefits in terms of time to progression and survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in large clinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate treatment outcomes of sorafenib in real clinical fields. Methods: From August 2007 to March 2012, patients with advanced HCC who received sorafenib in seven referral hospitals in Daejeon-Chungcheong province were retrospectively enrolled for the evaluation of tolerability, treatment response and survival following sorafenib administration. Treatment response was radiologically assessed by RECIST 1.1. Results: Among a total of 123 patients enrolled, sixty-eight (55%) patients received prior treatment and 74 (60%) patients had Child-Pugh A cirrhosis. One hundred-three (84%) patients were BCLC stage C; Ninety-three (76%) patients were modified UICC IV. The median duration of sorafenib treatment was 67 (14-452) days. Seventy-three (60%) patients have experienced adverse events, resulting in transient dose reduction or cessation. Treatment interruption was brought by disease progression (36%), adverse events (21%), hepatic failure (10%), and financial burden (7%). Complete response, partial response and stable disease were seen in none, 1% and 18%, respectively, and disease control rate was 29%. Median time to progression was 84 days and overall median survival was 139 days. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis showed a shorter median time to progression (61 vs. 104 days, p=0.036) and overall survival (63 vs. 168 days, p<0.001) compared to those with compensated cirrhosis. Child-Pugh class B/C (p=0.027) and prior treatment (p=0.015) were independent risk factors for survival. Conclusions: Clinical outcomes of sorafenib treatment in patients with advanced HCC were comparable to those of previous studies. The function of hepatic reserve and history of previous treatment were independent factors affecting survival.

The effect of mannosylation of liposome-encapsulated indocyanine green on imaging of sentinel lymph node

Jeong, Hwan-Seok,Lee, Chang-Moon,Cheong, Su-Jin,Kim, Eun-Mi,Hwang, Hyosook,Na, Kyung Sook,Lim, Seok Tae,Sohn, Myung-Hee,Jeong, Hwan-Jeong Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2013 Journal of liposome research Vol.23 No.4

<P>The imaging of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) has been researched for its role in assessing cancer progression and postsurgical lymphedema. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared (NIR) optical dye that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. It is known that liposome-encapsulated ICG (LP-ICG) has improved stability and fluorescence signal compared with ICG. We designed mannosylated liposome-encapsulated ICG (M-LP-ICG) as an optical contrast agent for SLN. M-LP-ICG has a higher UV absorbance spectrum and fluorescence intensity than LP-ICG. The stability of M-LP-ICG measured in 50% fetal bovine serum solution by a dialysis method was better than that of LP-ICG. M-LP-ICG demonstrated a high uptake in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell because the density of mannose is high. There were differences between M-LP-ICG and glucosylated liposome-encapsulated ICG (G-LP-ICG), which are geometrical isomers. The result of an inhibition study of M-LP-ICG showed a statistically significant decrease in uptake in RAW 264.7 cells after either co-treatment or pre-treatment with <SMALL>D</SMALL>-(+)-mannose as an inhibitor. Results from an <I>in vitro</I> experiment demonstrated that M-LP-ICG was specifically taken up by macrophage cells through the mannose receptor on its surface. The time-series images acquired from a normal mouse model after subcutaneous injection showed that the signal from M-LP-ICG in SLN and other organs appeared early and disappeared quickly in comparison with signals from LP-ICG. Not only the sentinel but also the draining lymph nodes were observed partly in M-LP-ICG. M-LP-ICG appears to increase the specificity of uptake and retention in macrophages, making it a good candidate contrast agent for an optic imaging system for SLN and the lymphatic system.</P>

교배 조합 토종닭의 이화학적 성상 및 육질 특성

박미나(Mi-Na Park),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong),강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김재홍(Jae-Hong Kim),나승환(Seung-Hwan Na),채현석(Hyun-Seok Chae),서옥석(Ok-Suk Seo),한재용(Jae-Yong Han),정재홍(Jae-Hong Jeong),황보종(Jong Hwangbo) 韓國家禽學會 2010 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

본 시험은 토종닭의 교배 조합이 계육의 이화학적 성상 및 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원에서 토종닭(적갈색, 흑색)과 육용계의 교배 조합으로 발생된 4계통의 병아리 수컷을 A, B, C, D계통으로 구분하여 이용하였다. 각 계통에서 90수씩 선별하여 12주령까지 준육용계 사료를 이용하여 평사에서 사육하고, 일정 주령(5주, 10주)에 도달하였을 때 각 계통에서 27수씩 선별하여 개체별 생체중을 측정하고, diethyl ether로 마취시킨 후 도계하여 시험에 이용하였다. 도계된 닭들은 부분육(가슴, 다리)의 무게를 측정하고, 비율을 산출한 후 이화학적 성상과 관능검사를 실시하였다. 계육의 물리적 성상은 5주령에는 모든 항목에서 계통 간에 차이가 없었으나, 10주령에는 B계통이 명도, 가열 감량 및 보수력에서 다른 계통에 비해 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 화학적 성상에서는 5주령에 B계통이 다른 계통에 비해 pH, 수분 함량 및 콜라겐 함량이 낮았으며, 단백질과 지방 함량이 높았다. 회분 함량은 계통 간에 차이가 없었다. 10주령에는 A계통이 회분과 콜라겐 함량이 가장 낮았으며(P<0.05), 그 외 항목은 계통 간에 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 관능검사 결과에서, 5주령에서 D계통이 다즙성에서 가장 높았고, 10주령에서 B계통이 연도에서 가장 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 따라서, 토종닭의 교배 조합은 계육의 물리적 성상에는 크게 영향이 없지만, 5주령에서 화학적 성상에 영향을 미치며, 특히, 수분과 지방 함량은 다즙성과 연도와 관련이 있다고 추정된다. This work was carried out to investigate chemical composition and meat quality of crossbred Korean native chickens (KNC). Ninety 1-d male chicks were used in this work and were divided into 4 groups as A: (KNC egg-meat type C strains × KNC meat type S strains) (♀) × KNC meat type H strains (♂), B: (KNC egg-meat type C strains × KNC meat type H strains) (♀) × KNC meat type S strains (♂), C: (KNC native R strains × KNC meat type S strains) (♀) × KNC meat type H strains (♂), D: (KNC native L strains × KNC meat type H strains) (♀) × Ross broiler (♂) strains. They were fed the broiler diets for 12 weeks at the flat house and twenty seven chickens were slaughtered at week 5 and 10. Chicken thigh and breast were weighed and physicochemical compositions and sensory characteristics were investigated. Physical compositions of meats have no difference among strains at 5 week, and B strains differed from other strains at 10 week (P<0.05). The pH, moisture, and collagen content of meat from B strains were lower than other strains at 5 week. Ash and collagen of A strains were the lowest at 10 week (P<0.05), but others have no difference among strains. In sensory test, juiciness of D strains was the highest at 5 week, and tenderness of B strains was the lowest at 10 week (P<0.05). In conclusion, the crossbreeding of KNC did not affect physical traits but affected chemical composition of the chicken meat slaughtered at 5 week.

삼중 덕티드 팬 비행체 운동모델링 및 리아푸노프 제어를 이용한 안정화

나경석(Kyung Seok Na),원대희(Dae Hee Won),윤석환(Seok Hwan Yoon),성상경(Sang Kyung Sung),류민형(Min Hyoung Ryu),조진수(Jin Soo Cho),이영재(Young Jae Lee) 한국항공우주학회 2012 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.40 No.7

로터를 이용한 무인비행체는 노출된 블레이드로 운용 시 위험이 따른다. 반면 덕티드팬은 블레이드 주위를 덕트로 감싸 위험요소를 줄여주고, 동일 동력 하중을 사용한 로터보다 향상된 추력성능을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 덕티드 팬의 장점을 적용하고자 세 개의 덕티드 팬으로 구성된 삼중 덕티드 팬 비행체 형상을 제안한다. 크기가 동일한 두 개의 덕티드 팬과, 크기가 다른 한 개의 덕티드 팬으로 구성되며 3개의 덕티드 팬 중 하나는 추력 방향 조절을 통해 신속한 자세 제어가 가능하다. 삼중 덕티드 팬 비행체의 운동방정식을 유도 하였고, 리아푸노프 함수를 적용하여 시스템을 안정하게 하는 제어 입력을 도출하였다. 그리고 비행체 초기모델의 파라미터를 적용하여 비선형 모델 시뮬레이션을 통해 안정한 자세각이 출력됨을 확인하고 결과를 분석하였다. Because of the exposed blade, the UAV using the rotors entail the risks during operation. While a wrapped duct around the fan blades reduces risks, it is a higher thrust performance than the same power load rotor. In this paper, for applying advantages of a ducted fan, the tri-ducted fan air vehicle configuration is proposed. The vehicle has three ducted fans. Two of them are the same shape and size and the third one is the smaller. It is possible to control a rapid attitude stability using thrust vector control. The equations of motion of the tri-ducted fan were derived. Lyapunov control input was applied to the system and stable inputs were derived. A nonlinear simulation was fulfilled by using parameters of a prototype vehicle. It verified a stable attitude and analyzed results.

Prominent Crista Terminalis in Patients with Embolic Events

Na, Jin Oh,Kim, Eung Ju,Mun, Sun Joung,Choi, Eun Hee,Mun, Jin Hee,Lee, Hye Ra,Kim, Yun Kyung,Yong, Hwan Seok Korean Society of Echocardiography 2011 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.19 No.3

<P>A prominent crista terminalis is a normal anatomic variant which consist of thick muscular bridge within the right atrium. However, it could be often misdiagnosed with an abnormal mass on the transthoracic echocardiography. The case report presented here, describe the findings of transthoracic echocardiography that suggested a right atrial mass in patients with pulmonary embolism. However, subsequent transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging differentiated a true right atrial mass from a prominent crista terminalis.</P>

측쇄형 광기능성 고분자에서의 편광홀로그램 특성

나혜섭,한양규,김필수,송석호,오차환,곽장만,주원제 漢陽大學校 自然科學硏究所 1999 自然科學論文集 Vol.18 No.-

측쇄형으로 서로 대칭인 두 광기능성 그룹들(4-cyanoazobenzene groups)을 표함하는 유기고분자(side-chain polymalonic esters with two symmetrical photoresponsive groups, PCN)에 이광파혼합을 이용하여 소거가 가능한 회절격자를 형성하였다. 이는 두 조사광들의 편광합이 λ/2sinθ의 주기로 공간적으로 변하고, 이에 의해 측쇄형 광기능성 분자군은 편광 방향에 수직한 면으로 정렬을 하여 매질의 흡수율 변조를 야기한다. 흡수율의 변조는 klamers-kronig 관계식에 의해 굴절율의 변조로 나타나며[1], 이로부터 편광 홀로그램이 기록된다. We investigate erasable polarization holographic gratings recorded with two-wave mixing in photoanisotropic organic materials which were side-chain polymalonic esters with two symmetrical photoresponsive groups(4-cyanoazobenzene groups). The superposition of polarizations of two writing beams varies spatially with a period of λ/2sinΘand accordingly side-chain photoresponse groups reorient perpendicular to the superposed polarization and thus the modulation of absorption of the polymers is induced. The phase polarization hologram is recorded with the modulation of refractive index which is related with absorption by klamer-kronig relation.

UBCG: Up-to-date bacterial core gene set and pipeline for phylogenomic tree reconstruction

Na, Seong-In,Kim, Yeong Ouk,Yoon, Seok-Hwan,Ha, Sung-min,Baek, Inwoo,Chun, Jongsik MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA 2018 JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY -SEOUL- Vol.56 No.4

Genome-based phylogeny plays a central role in the future taxonomy and phylogenetics of Bacteria and Archaea by replacing 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. The concatenated core gene alignments are frequently used for such a purpose. The bacterial core genes are defined as single-copy, homologous genes that are present in most of the known bacterial species. There have been several studies describing such a gene set, but the number of species considered was rather small. Here we present the up-to-date bacterial core gene set, named UBCG, and software suites to accommodate necessary steps to generate and evaluate phylogenetic trees. The method was successfully used to infer phylogenomic relationship of Escherichia and related taxa and can be used for the set of genomes at any taxonomic ranks of Bacteria. The UBCG pipeline and file viewer are freely available at https://www.ezbiocloud.net/tools/ubcg and https://www.ezbiocloud.net/tools/ubcg_viewer, respectively.