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Kim, Kyoung-Han,Kim, Yun Hye,Son, Joe Eun,Lee, Ju Hee,Kim, Sarah,Choe, Min Seon,Moon, Joon Ho,Zhong, Jian,Fu, Kiya,Lenglin, Florine,Yoo, Jeong-Ah,Bilan, Philip J,Klip, Amira,Nagy, Andras,Kim, Jae-Ryon Nature Publishing Group 2017 Cell research Vol.27 No.11
<P>Intermittent fasting (IF), a periodic energy restriction, has been shown to provide health benefits equivalent to prolonged fasting or caloric restriction. However, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IF-mediated metabolic benefits is limited. Here we show that isocaloric IF improves metabolic homeostasis against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction primarily through adipose thermogenesis in mice. IF-induced metabolic benefits require fasting-mediated increases of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, periodic adipose-VEGF overexpression could recapitulate the metabolic improvement of IF in non-fasted animals. Importantly, fasting and adipose-VEGF induce alternative activation of adipose macrophage, which is critical for thermogenesis. Human adipose gene analysis further revealed a positive correlation of adipose VEGF-M2 macrophage-WAT browning axis. The present study uncovers the molecular mechanism of IF-mediated metabolic benefit and suggests that isocaloric IF can be a preventive and therapeutic approach against obesity and metabolic disorders.</P>
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF HEAT LOSS IN POST EXPOSURE BAKE PROCESS
Sarah KIM,Do Wan KIM 한국산업응용수학회 2009 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.5
In post exposure bake (PEB) process of semiconductor devices production, a shape of critical dimension (CD) could be changed into an inappropriate form by superfluous heating temperature and time of a hot-plate. This is because redundant diffusion of acid can occur from them. In the past, there was little concern about such deformation of CD because the line width of CD that we wanted was relatively thick. However, now we need to control with prudence heating temperature and time of a hot-plate for a thinner line width (ex. sub-32nm) of CD that is used lately. These reasons let us have a desire to start this work. Here we present a mathematical heat conduction model during PEB process for getting suitable heating temperature and time and compute it by using numerical method. Computation of the heat conduction is a very delicate matter, especially because of the multiscale conductivity and thickness of stacked sublayers of the wafer. However, through our method we could markedly reduce the unknowns. Thus, our method brings more cost efficient benefits because we can compute heat transfer only with the averaging interface temperatures which are the reduces unknowns. Also, a system of Volterra-type integral equations for the same number of unknowns could be drived. In other words, we used integral scheme that has several kernels. It is more stable and robust than a difference method. These points could be merits of our work. There are previous works, [1] and [2], on this topic. The previous papers stated that the PEB wafer stack was insulated from the surrounding air temperature. That is, there was no consideration about heat loss. However, in the PEB process, when heat transfer occurs from one layer to another, there must be temperature leakage into the surrounding air. We propose a new numerical algorithm in which effect of heat loss is added. Finally, we obtain the accurate and efficient results including realistic wafer tests. Reliable results are shown for heat conduction to photoresist on top of wafer during PEB process.
Fumarate-Mediated Persistence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> against Antibiotics
Kim, Jun-Seob,Cho, Da-Hyeong,Heo, Paul,Jung, Suk-Chae,Park, Myungseo,Oh, Eun-Joong,Sung, Jaeyun,Kim, Pan-Jun,Lee, Suk-Chan,Lee, Dae-Hee,Lee, Sarah,Lee, Choong Hwan,Shin, Dongwoo,Jin, Yong-Su,Kweon, Da American Society for Microbiology 2016 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy Vol.60 No.4
<P>Bacterial persisters are a small fraction of quiescent cells that survive in the presence of lethal concentrations of antibiotics. They can regrow to give rise to a new population that has the same vulnerability to the antibiotics as did the parental population. Although formation of bacterial persisters in the presence of various antibiotics has been documented, the molecular mechanisms by which these persisters tolerate the antibiotics are still controversial. We found that amplification of the fumarate reductase operon (FRD) in Escherichia coli led to a higher frequency of persister formation. The persister frequency of E. coli was increased when the cells contained elevated levels of intracellular fumarate. Genetic perturbations of the electron transport chain (ETC), a metabolite supplementation assay, and even the toxin-antitoxin-related hipA7 mutation indicated that surplus fumarate markedly elevated the E. coli persister frequency. An E. coli strain lacking succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), thereby showing a lower intracellular fumarate concentration, was killed similar to 1,000-fold more effectively than the wild-type strain in the stationary phase. It appears that SDH and FRD represent a paired system that gives rise to and maintains E. coli persisters by producing and utilizing fumarate, respectively.</P>
GWA meta-analysis of personality in Korean cohorts
Kim, Bo-Hye,Kim, Han-Na,Roh, Seung-Ju,Lee, Mi Kyeong,Yang, Sarah,Lee, Seung Ku,Sung, Yeon-Ah,Chung, Hye Won,Cho, Nam H,Shin, Chol,Sung, Joohon,Kim, Hyung-Lae Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2015 Journal of human genetics Vol.60 No.8
<P>Personality is a determinant of behavior and lifestyle that is associated with health and human diseases. Despite the heritability of personality traits is well established, the understanding of the genetic contribution to personality trait variation is extremely limited. To identify genetic variants associated with each of the five dimensions of personality, we performed a genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis of three cohorts, followed by comparison of a family cohort. Personality traits were measured with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory for the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. We investigated the top five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each trait, and revealed the most highly association with neuroticism and TACC2 (rs1010657, P=8.79 10(-7)), extraversion and PTPN12 (rs12537271, P=1.47 10(-7)), openness and IMPAD1 (rs16921695, P=5 10(-8)), agreeableness and RPS29 (rs8015351, P=1.27 10(-6)) and conscientiousness and LMO4 (rs912765, P=2.91 10(-6)). It had no SNP reached the GWA study threshold (P<5 10(-8)). When expanded the SNPs up to top 100, the correlation of PTPRD (rs1029089) and agreeableness was confirmed in Healthy Twin cohort with other 13 SNPs. This GWA meta-analysis on FFM personality traits is meaningful as it was the first on a non-Caucasian population targeted to FFM of personality traits.</P>
Kim, Sarah,Cheng, Nan,Jeong, Jong-Ryul,Jang, Se-Gyu,Yang, Seung-Man,Huck, Wilhelm T. S. Royal Society of Chemistry 2008 Chemical communications Vol.2008 No.31
<P>We report localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of hexagonal Au nanodot arrays to detect changes in the thickness and conformation of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride] (PMETAC) brushes.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We report the use of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of hexagonal Au nanodot arrays to detect changes in the thickness and conformation of polymer brushes. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b805684f'> </P>
Mental Health of People with Retinitis Pigmentosa :
Kim, Sarah,Shin, Dong Wook,An, Ah Reum,Lee, Choong Hyung,Park, Jong Hyock,Park, Jong Heon,Oh, Moo Kyung,Hwang, Soo Hee,Kim, Yoon,Cho, Belong,Lee, Hyun Ki Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Wi 2013 Optometry and vision science Vol.90 No.5
<P>The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the mental health of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with that of the general population of Korea.</P>