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Gintonin facilitates catecholamine secretion from the perfused adrenal medulla
Seung-Yeol Na,Ki-Hwan Kim,Mi-Sung Choi,Kang-Su Ha,Dong-Yoon Lim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.6
The present study was designed to investigate the characteristics of gintonin, one of components isolated from Korean Ginseng on secretion of catecholamines (CA) from the isolated perfused model of rat adrenal gland and to clarify its mechanism of action. Gintonin (1 to 30 μg/ml), perfused into an adrenal vein, markedly increased the CA secretion from the perfused rat adrenal medulla in a dose-dependent fashion. The gintonin-evoked CA secretion was greatly inhibited in the presence of chlorisondamine (1 μM, an autonomic ganglionic bloker), pirenzepine (2 μM, a muscarinic M<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonist), Ki14625 (10 μM, an LPA<sub>1/3</sub> receptor antagonist), amiloride (1 mM, an inhibitor of Na<sup>+</sup>/Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchanger), a nicardipine (1 μM, a voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel blocker), TMB-8 (1 μM, an intracellular Ca<sup>2+ </sup>antagonist), and perfusion of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-free Krebs solution with 5mM EGTA (a Ca<sup>2+</sup>chelater), while was not affected by sodium nitroprusside (100 μM, a nitrosovasodialtor). Interestingly, LPA (0.3~3 μM, an LPA receptor agonist) also dose-dependently enhanced the CA secretion from the adrenal medulla, but this facilitatory effect of LPA was greatly inhibited in the presence of Ki 14625 (10 μM). Moreover, acetylcholine (AC)-evoked CA secretion was greatly potentiated during the perfusion of gintonin (3 μg/ml). Taken together, these results demonstrate the first evidence that gintonin increases the CA secretion from the perfused rat adrenal medulla in a dose-dependent fashion. This facilitatory effect of gintonin seems to be associated with activation of LPA- and cholinergic-receptors, which are relevant to the cytoplasmic Ca<sup>2+</sup> increase by stimulation of the Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx as well as by the inhibition of Ca<sup>2+</sup> uptake into the cytoplasmic Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores, without the increased nitric oxide (NO). Based on these results, it is thought that gintonin, one of ginseng components, can elevate the CA secretion from adrenal medulla by regulating the Ca<sup>2+</sup> mobilization for exocytosis, suggesting facilitation of cardiovascular system. Also, these findings show that gintonin might be at least one of ginseng-induced hypertensive components.
Degradation pattern of SnO<sub>2</sub> nanowire field effect transistors
Na, Junhong,Huh, Junghwan,Park, Sung Chan,Kim, DaeIl,Kim, Dong Wook,Lee, Jae Woo,Hwang, In-Sung,Lee, Jong-Heun,Ha, Jeong Sook,Kim, Gyu Tae IOP Pub 2010 Nanotechnology Vol.21 No.48
<P>The degradation pattern of SnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowire field effect transistors (FETs) was investigated by using an individual SnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowire that was passivated in sections by either a PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) or an Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> layer. The PMMA passivated section showed the best mobility performance with a significant positive shift in the threshold voltage. The distinctive two-dimensional <I>R</I><SUB>s</SUB>–μ diagram based on a serial resistor connected FET model suggested that this would be a useful tool for evaluating the efficiency for post-treatments that would improve the device performance of a single nanowire transistor. </P>
Na, Dong-Hwan,Lee, Jae Sung,Shin, Hyeon-Dong,Ono, Yoshitaka,Choi, Young-Joon The Korean Society of Mycology 2022 Mycobiology Vol.50 No.3
Virginia creeper (or five-leaved ivy; Parthenocissus quinquefolia) is one of the most popular and widely grown climbers worldwide. In September 2021, Virginia creeper leaves with typical rust symptom were found in an arboretum in Korea, with severe damage. Globally, there is no record of a rust disease on Virginia creeper. Using morphological investigation and molecular phylogenetic inferences, the rust agent was identified as Neophysopella vitis, which is a rust pathogen of other Parthenocissus spp. including Boston ivy (P. tricuspidata). Given that the two ivy plants, Virginia creeper and Boston ivy, have common habitats, especially on buildings and walls, throughout Korea, and that N. vitis is a ubiquitous rust species affecting Boston ivy in Korea, it is speculated that the host range of N. vitis may recently have expanded from Boston ivy to Virginia creeper. The present study reports a globally new rust disease on Virginia creeper, which could be a major threat to the ornamental creeper.
( Dong-min Kim ),( Jun-won Seo ),( Yuri Kim ),( Uni Park ),( Na-young Ha ),( Hyoree Park ),( Na Ra Yun ),( Da Young Kim ),( Sung Ho Yoon ),( Yong Sub Na ),( Do Sik Moon ),( Sung-chul Lim ),( Choon-mee 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.1
Background/Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with acute respiratory syndrome. The mechanisms underlying the different degrees of pneumonia severity in patients with COVID-19 remain elusive. This study provides evidence that COVID-19 is associated with eosinophil-mediated inflammation. Methods: We performed a retrospective case series of three patients with laboratory and radiologically confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to Chosun University Hospital. Demographic and clinical data on inflammatory cell lung infiltration and cytokine levels in patients with COVID-19 were collected. Results: Cytological analysis of sputum, tracheal aspirates, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from all three patients revealed massive infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), such as eosinophils and neutrophils. All sputum and BALF specimens contained high levels of eosinophil cationic proteins. The infiltration of PMNs into the lungs, together with elevated levels of natural killer T (NKT) cells in BALF and peripheral blood samples from patients with severe pneumonia in the acute phase was confirmed by flow cytometry. Conclusions: These results suggest that the lungs of COVID-19 patients can exhibit eosinophil-mediated inflammation, together with an elevated NKT cell response, which is associated with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Ancient schwannoma in oral cavity: a report of two cases
Na Rae Kim,Dong Hae Chung,Dae-Song Park,Dong-Woo Kim,Sang-Chil Lee,Sung-Yong Kim,Ho-Yong Lim,Hak-Yeol Yeom,Hyeon-Min Kim 대한구강악안면외과학회 2011 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.37 No.6
This paper reports two cases of schwannomas arising from the oral cavity. One is an intraoral ancient schwannoma located at the left cheek, which evolved over a period of 13 years. The tumor was a well-demarcated buccal mass, which was located in the left lower first premolar area, with an obliterated the buccal vestibule, leaving the overlying mucosa intact. The second case was a central intraosseous schwannoma located from the left lower 1st molar periapical area to the left 3rd molar periapical area. Pathologically, the first mass was composed of the spindle shaped tumor cells with wavy nuclei beneath the fibroconnective tissue of the gingiva but second case mass was not. Occasional nuclear pleomorphism was observed but mitosis or necrosis was absent. There were Antoni A and B areas along with strong, diffuse staining with the S-100 protein. Ancient schwannomas were diagnosed. Schwannoma is a slow-growing benign tumor, and an ancient schwannoma that shows cellular atypism is a variant of a schwannoma caused by purely degenerative changes. To date, only limited cases of ancient schwannomas in the oral cavity have been reported.
Impact of Probiotics in NAFLD in Mice with Western Diet
( Sang Jun Yoon ),( Dae Hee Han ),( Haripriya Gupta ),( Na Young Lee ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Dong Joon Kim ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common and increasing liver diseases worldwide. However, definitive medical treatment has not been established with the exception of lifestyle modification. Probiotics can be used as a promising mediation targeting gut-liver axis in NAFLD. The aim of study was to evaluate the impact of some strains in Western diet induced NAFLD mice model. Methods: We used 6-week aged C57BL/6 mouse and mice were divided into 8 groups (n=10/group; normal diet group, Western diet for 8 weeks group, and 6 Western diet with probiotics administration groups [10<sup>9</sup> CFU/g, for 8 weeks]). Used probiotics strains are Lactobacillus reuteri, L. salivarius, L. gasseri, Bifidobacterium lactis, B. breve, and B. longum. We compared liver/body weight ratio, histology (fatty liver and hepatitis), liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and bilirubin), and cholesterol. Results: In the analysis of liver/body weight ratio, L. salivarius (5.73±0.52, P=0.028), B. breve (5.27±0.47, P=0.001), and B. longum (4.85±0.57, P<0.001) groups showed significant improvement compared with that of Western group (6.33±0.63). In comparison of histology (fatty liver score/ hepatitis score), L. salivarius (1.9±0.3/1.0±0.0, P<0.001), B. breve (1.2±0.7/0.9±0.6, P<0.001), L. gasseri (1.9±0.3/1.0±0.3, P<0.001), B. lactis (2.1±0.3/1.2±0.4, P<0.001), and B. longum (1.2±0.4/0.8±0.4, P<0.001) groups reveled significant improvement compared with that of Western group (3.0±0.4/1.9±0.3). Especially, B. breve and B. longum showed liver histology like that of normal control. All strains are effective in improvement of liver enzyme (ASTT or ALT, P<0.05). In case of B. longum, mean cholesterol level was significantly decreased after administration of B. longum (0.9±0.5/0.3±0.2, P<0.001) Conclusions: Gut-liver axis plays an important role in the NAFLD and probiotics effectively reduce inflammation and steatosis of the liver in NAFLD. In addition, B. longum can be used in the treatment of dyslipidemia.
Sung Ill Jang,Seok Jeong,Don Haeng Lee,Kun Na,Sugeun Yang,Dong Ki Lee 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.4
Background/Aims: Metallic stents designed to relieve malignant biliary obstruction are susceptible to occlusive tumor ingrowth or overgrowth. In a previous report, we described metallic stents covered with paclitaxel-incorporated membrane (MSCPM-I, II) to prevent occlusion from tumor ingrowth via antitumor effect. This new generation paclitaxeleluting biliary stent is further endowed with sodium caprate (MSCPM-III) for enhanced drug delivery. The purpose of this study is to examine the safety of its drug delivery system in the porcine biliary tract. Methods: MSCPM-III (10% [wt/vol] paclitaxel) and covered metal stents (CMSs) were endoscopically inserted in porcine bile ducts in vivo. Histologic biliary changes, levels of paclitaxel released, and various serum analytes (albumin, alkaline phosphate, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, total protein, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin) were assessed. Results: Based on the intensity of reactive inflammation and fibrosis, changes in porcine biliary epithelium secondary to implanted MSCPMIII were deemed acceptable (i.e., safe). Histologic features in the MSCPM-III and CMS groups did not differ significantly. In a related serum analysis, paclitaxel release from MSCPMIII stents was below the limit of detection for 28 days. Biochemical analyses were also similar for the two groups, and no evidence of hepatic or renal toxicity was found in animals receiving MSCPM-III stents. Conclusions: In a prototypic porcine trial, this newly devised metal biliary stent incorporating both paclitaxel and sodium caprate appears to be safe in the porcine bile duct.
Case Reports : Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis type 1
Sang Hoon Han,Se Hoon Park,Gwon Hyun Cho,Na Rae Kim,Jae Hwan Oh,Eun Mi Nam,Dong Bok Shin 대한내과학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.22 No.1
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (von Recklinghausen`s disease, NF-1) is an autosomal-dominant neurocutaneous disorder characterized by abnormal skin pigmentation (cafe au lait spots and axillary freckling), cutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas, skeletal dysplasias, and Lisch nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas). Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common tumors of mesenchymal origin in the gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, omentum, and retroperitoneum. Here, we report a case of GIST in the ileum of a 76-year-old woman previously diagnosed as NF-1. She was admitted due to sudden onset of abdominal pain. Contrast enhanced CT scan revealed a moderately defined, peripherally enhanced soft tissue mass of about 8.8×7.3cm, originating from the small bowel in the left of the abdomen. Surgical excision was performed and the tumor was found to be composed of tumor cells that were positive for c-kit protein. The patient started imatinib treatment a month later, but stopped medication due to dyspepsia after a few months and eventually progressed after 18 months.