초등 교과교육학의 성격과 내용구조 연구

유한구(Han Ku Ryu),장성모(Sung Mo Chang),송광용(Kwang Yong Song),조주연(Joo Yun Cho),이학주(Hak Ju Lee) 한국초등교육학회 1997 초등교육연구 Vol.11 No.1

이 연구는 교과교육과 교과교육학의관계, 그리고 교과교육학과 교육학의 관계등을 분석하고, 그 결과를 토대로 하여 초등학교 교과교육과 교육대학 교과교육학 교육의 실제를 정확히 이해하고 그 발전 방향을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 일반적으로, 교과교육학은 교육학에서 제시하고 있는 교육과정의 구성및 교육방법상의 일반 원리를 교과교육이라는 특수한 사태에 적용하는 과정에 관심을 두는 이론으로 간주되고 있다. 이 관점에 의하면, 교과교육학은 교육학의 일반적 원리에 따라 교과교육이라는 특수한 맥락에 처방을 내리기 위한 것으로 파악된다. 이 관점을 교과와 그것을 가르치는 교사의 삶을 사실상 별개의 것으로 분리하는 것이며, 그와 동일한 이유에서 교과교육학과 교과교육학자의 삶 또한 별개의 것임을 전제하는 것이다. 그러나 교과교육과 교과교육학, 그리고 교과교육학과 교육학의 관계는 이론에서 실제로 나아가는 앞의 방향과는 정반대 방향에서도 이해될 수 있다. 이 관점에 의하면, 교과교육학은 교과교육 실제에 처방을 내리기 위한 것이 아니라 그 실제를 기술하고 정당화하기 위한 것으로 파악된다. 교과교육과 교과교육학의 관련이 이렇게 파악될 때, 교과 교육학은 교사나 교과교육학자에게 자신이 지금 하는 일이 자신의 삶과 결코 무관한 것이 아니라는 믿음을 심어 주게 되며, 나아가 그들 자신이 참여하고 있는 초등학교나 교육대학의 교육실제를 기술하거나 정당화하려고 할 때 반드시 필요한 개념적 도구를 제공해 줄 수 있게 된다. 바로 여기에 교과교육학에 관한 종래의 접근과는 구분되는 새로운 접근방식이 요구되는 이유가 있다. The purpose of this study is threefold: The first is to analyse the relations between subject education and subject pedagogy, and between subject pedagogy and general pedagogy. The second is, based on the analysis result, to have the precise understanding of teaching various subjects in the elementary school, and of teaching subject pedagogy in the university of education. The third is to search for the desirable direction of developing the elementary education and the teacher education. Subject pedagogy is usually defined as a theory which is interested in the process of applying pedagogical principles regarding curriculum organization and teaching methods to specific teaching situations, that is, subject education situations. However, this definition has a limitation, because it assumes that a subject and the teacher's life who teaches the subject are separated from each other, and that subject pedagogy and the scholar who studies subject pedagogy are also separated. The relationship between subject teaching and subject pedagogy, and between subject pedagogy and general pedagogy can be understood with quite different viewpoint. This new viewpoint, which is the major discussion matter of this study, assumes that subject pedagogy is never separated from the life of subject teacher/subject pedagogist. This viewpoint will reveal the theoretical features of subject pedagogy better, and give us new meaning on the life of teachers/subject pedagogists. The subject pedagogy in the correct sense should provide teachers/pedagogists with the conceptual instrument based on the new viewpoint. This conceptual instrument will make teachers/pedagogists be able to describe, explain, and validate their own educational practice-such as the content structure of each subject-in the elementary school or the university of education.

ORiginal Article : A Multicenter Phase II Trial of Gemcitabine Plus Oxaliplatin in Unresectable Gallbladder Cancer

( Sang Myung Woo ),( Sang Hyub Lee ),( Ji Won Yoo ),( Ki Young Yang ),( Jung Gyun Seo ),( Joo Kyung Park ),( Jin Hyeok Hwang ),( Woo Jin Lee ),( Ji Kon Ryu ),( Yong Tae Kim ),( Yong Bum Yoon ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.5

Background/Aims: No standard chemotherapy has been established for advanced gallbladder cancer. The authors studied the activity and tolerability of a gemcitabine and ox-aliplatin (GEMOX) combination in unresectable gallbladder cancer (GBC). Methods: Adult patients with pathologically confirmed unresectable GBC were prospectively recruited at three centers. No patient had received prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Patients received cycles of gemcitabine at 1,000 mg/m2 on day 1, followed by oxaliplatin at 100 mg/m2 on day 2, every 2 weeks. The primary study endpoint was time to progression. Results: Forty patients with unresect-able GBC were enrolled. The median age was 60 years (range, 38 to 79 years). All patients showed good performance status. Of the 33 analyzable patients, 12 achieved partial re-sponse (36%), 17 stable disease (52%), and four progressive disease (12%). No patient achieved a complete response. The tumor control rate was 88%. At a median follow-up of 6.8 months, the median time to progression was 5.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7 to 6.9), and median overall survival was 6.8 months (95% CI, 6.1 to 7.5). Nine of the 40 patients (23%) experienced at least a grade-3 adverse event, but no patient experienced a grade-4 adverse event. Conclu-sions: GEMOX combination therapy is a feasible option and is well tolerated in unresectable GBC. (Gut Liver 2013;7:594-598)

Original article : Simultaneous analysis and monitoring of thirteen preservatives in cosmetics by liquid chromatography

( Yong Jae Ryu ),( Gun Mook Yoon ),( Bang Han Yun ),( Bo Young Lee ),( Pil Ki Min ),( Ji Young Yun ),( Sang Yoon Nam ),( Beom Jun Lee ),( Young Won Yoon ) 한국예방수의학회 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.2

The content of 13 preservatives was investigated for 107 sold in retail markets. A simultaneously analytical method of liquid chromatography, LC, for the preservatives in cosmetics was developed using an AvQuityTM Ultra performance LC System, Waters, BEH C18 column, 150mmx2.1mm,1.7 ㎛, and photo Diode Array, PDA, detector λ;220 nm for quantitative analysis, λ;190∼400nm for qualitative analysis. The developed instrumental method was validated using limit of detection, LOD, limit of quantification, LOQ, precision, accuracy, and linearity of standard curves. LOD and LOQ wre lower than 0.23mg/l and 0.75mg/l, respectively. When standard compounds were analyzed seven times consecutively at the LOQ level, precision and accuracy were lower than 2.49% and, 2.04%, respectively. Good linear relationships, R2 ⊇0.9998, were obtained for all compounds. Recoveries ranged between 96.03% and 102.61%and the overall variability was below 3%, RSD, The type of cosmetics showing the lowest detection rate of target compounds was sunscreen lotion, with a detection rate of 42.9%, followed by baby lotions and mask packs with the same detection rate at 69.2% At least one of the target preservatives was detected in 82.4% of creams, 93.3% of skin toners, 95.2% of lotions, and 92.9% of body lotions. Overall 79.4% of all samples contained at least one of the target compounds. The most frequently detected compound was phenoxyethanol. Methyl and propyl paraben also had a higher detection rate than the others, except, phenoxyethanol. Although the target preservatives in cosmetics sold in retail markets were detected by the simultaneous analysis of LC, the content of the detected preservatives was within the maximum allowed amount established by the Korean FDA.

Evaluations of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Alginate Hydrogels Cross-linked by γ-ray Irradiation Technique

Sang Yong Nam,Young Chang Nho,Seung Hwa Hong,Gue Tae Chae,Hong Seok Jang,Tae Suk Suh,Woong Shick Ahn,Kyu Eun Ryu,Heung Jae Chun 한국고분자학회 2004 Macromolecular Research Vol.12 No.2

Plasma Cell Granuloma in Cyclosporin-induced Gingival Overgrowth : Four Cases Report with Interleukin-6 and Phosphlipase C-γ1 Immunohistochemistry Interleukin-6 과 phospholipase C-γ1 면역조직화학적 분석-4증례

Sung, lel-Yong,Son, Jang-Ho,Ryu, Sung-Ho,Seo, Jae-Hee,Kim, Sung-Sook,Choi, In-Pyo,Ryu, Sung-Ho,Suh, Pann-Ghill,Byeon, Ki-Jeong 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.2

Cyclosporine-A(CsA)는 이식 장기의 면역거부반응을 억제하고 또한 면역학적으로 이상이 있는 여러 질병의 치료제로 널리 시용된다. CsA는 세포 매개성 면역시스템의 변환에 중요한 역할을 하지만 몇가지 T-림프구 유도 사이토카인의 방출을 억제하여 간접적으로 단핵구의 기능에도 영향을 미친다. CsA는 치은 과증식을 포함한 많은 CsA유도 치은 과증식증의 병인론에 대해서는 아직 완전히 밝혀지지 않았다. 저자들은 CsA와 을 함계 사용한 4명의 신장 이식 환자에서 치은 형질세포 육아종을 interleukin-6 을 이용한 면역조각화학볍으로 분석하였다. 비록 약물성 유도성 치은 과식증의 병인론은 불분명하지만,CsA가 여러 성장인자(growth factor)와 platelet-derived growth factors-B(PDGF-B) 및 interleukin-6에 작용하여 섬유모세포의 활동성을 변화시킨다고 여겨진다.

The Effects of Applied Organic Materials for Improving Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Paddy Fields

Yong-Hwan Lee,Sang-Min Lee,Jwa-Kyung Sung,Young-Ho Kim,Du-Hoi Choi,Gap-Hee Ryu 한국토양비료학회 2005 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2005 No.9

Calcium sensing receptor forms complex with and is up-regulated by caveolin-1 in cultured human osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells

Sang Yong Jung,Jin-Oh Kwak,Hyun-Woo Kim,Dong Su Kim,Seung-Duk Ryu,Chang-Bo Ko,Seok Ho Cha 생화학분자생물학회 2005 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.37 No.2

The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) plays an important role for sensing local changes in the extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]o) in bone remodeling. Although the function of CaSR is known, the regulatory mechanism of CaSR remains controversial. Therefore, we report here the regulatory effect of caveolin on CaSR function as a process of CaSR regulation by using the human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2). The intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was increased by an increment of [Ca2+]o. This [Ca2+]i increment was inhibited by the pretreatment with NPS 2390, an antagonist of CaSR. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis of Saos-2 cells revealed the presence of CaSR, caveolin (Cav)-1 and –2 in both mRNA and protein expressions, but there was no expression of Cav-3 mRNA and protein in the cells. In the isolated caveolae-rich membrane fraction from Saos-2 cells, the CaSR, Cav-1 and Cav-2 proteins were localized in same fractions (fraction number 4 and 5). The immuno-precipitation experiment using the respective antibodies showed complex formation between the CaSR and Cav-1, but not complex formation of CaSR and Cav-2. Confocal microscopy also supported the co-localization of CaSR and Cav-1 at the plasma membrane. Functionally, the [Ca2+]o-induced [Ca2+]i increment was attenuated by the introduction of Cav-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN). From these results, in Saos-2 cells, the function of CaSR might be regulated by binding with Cav-1. Considering the decrement of CaSR activity by antisense ODN, Cav-1 up-regulates the function of CaSR under normal physiological conditions, and it may play an important role in the diverse pathophysiological processes of bone remodeling or in the CaSR-related disorders in the body.

A Case of Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis Associated with Small Cell Lung Cancer

Ryu, Ja Young,Lee, Seung Hyeun,Lee, Eun Joo,Min, Kyung Hoon,Hur, Gyu Young,Lee, Sung Yong,Kim, Je Hyeong,Lee, Sang Yeub,Shin, Chol,Shim, Jae Jeong,In, Kwang Ho,Kang, Kyung Ho,Yoo, Se Hwa The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.73 No.5

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) is a rare syndrome characterized by memory impairment, affective and behavioral disturbances and seizures. Among many different neoplasms known to cause PLE, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most frequently reported. The pathogenesis is not fully understood but is believed to be autoimmune-related. We experienced a patient with typical clinical features of PLE. A 67-year-old man presented with seizure and disorientation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated high signal intensity in the bilateral amygdala and hippocampus in flair and T2-weighted images suggestive of limbic encephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid tapping revealed no evidence of malignant cells or infection. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed a lung mass with pleural effusion and a consequent biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PLE associated with SCLC. The patient was subsequently treated with chemotherapy and neurologic symptoms gradually improved.

Structure and electron charge-density analysis of nano-sized BaTiO3 powder prepared by solvothermal method

Yong-Il Kim,Kwon-Sang Ryu,Seung-Hoon Nahm,Jong-Seo Park 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.1l

The BaTiO3 solutions as precursors. The structural parameters of BaTiO3 powder were successfully determined by the Rietveld renement basedon the analysis of Raman spectra. The nal weightedR-factor,Rwp, was 9.12% and the goodness-of-t indicator,S (=Rwp/Re), was1.28. The BaTiO3 powder consisted of cubic and tetragonal phases at room temperature. The weight fraction of cubic and tetragonala (=b = c) = 4.0114(3) A˚, anda (=b) = 3.9954(2) A˚and c= 4.0327(2) A˚, respectively. According to the analysis of the electron charge-density distributions by maximum entropy method based on the observed structural factors to understand the chemical bonding natureof BaTiO3 powder, the ferroelectric phase was stabilized by ionic and weak covalent bonding.

Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in the kenaf plant (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)

Ryu, Jaihyunk,Kwon, Soon-Jae,Ahn, Joon-Woo,Jo, Yeong Deuk,Kim, Sang Hoon,Jeong, Sang Wook,Lee, Min Kyu,Kim, Jin-Baek,Kang, Si-Yong The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2017 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Chemical compounds from four different tissues of the kenaf plant (Hibiscus cannabinus), a valuable medicinal crop originating from Africa, were examined to determine its potential for use as a new drug material. Leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds were harvested to identify phytochemical compounds and measure antioxidant activities. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses identified 22 different phytocompounds in hexane extracts of the different parts of the kenaf plant. The most abundant volatile compounds were E-phytol (32.4%), linolenic acid (47.3%), trisiloxane-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy] (16.4%), and linoleic acid (46.4%) in leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds, respectively. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography identified the major compounds in the different parts of the kenaf plant as kaemperitrin, caffeic acid, myricetin glycoside, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid in leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds, respectively. Water extracts of flowers, leaves, and seeds exhibited the greatest DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD activity. Our analyses suggest that water is the optimal solvent, as it extracted the greatest quantity of functional compounds with the highest levels of antioxidant activity. These results provide valuable information for the development of environmentally friendly natural products for the pharmaceutical industry.