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Rainer Nowack,Christoph Ballé,Franz Birnkammer,Wolfgang Koch,Roland Sessler,Rainer Birck 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.7
The incidence and severity of interactions of herbal products with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) metabolism in renal transplant recipients have not been systematically investigated. These patients have a high rate of herbal product consumption, including products interfering with CNI metabolism. The study aimed at identifying an impact of herbs and foods on CNI metabolism in a cohort of renal transplant recipients by conducting dietary interviews (1) in patients with very low and high CNI maintenance dose requirements and (2) by retrospective analysis of unexplained marked deviations from CNI baseline trough levels. Of 73 renal transplant recipients, 59 were treated with a CNI-based immunosuppressive regimen. Seven patients with an exceptionally high or low CNI dose were interviewed. Five of these seven patients had not consumed any plant product with known influence on CNI metabolism. In one patient chicory-coffee and bitter chocolate had been suspected as contributing to high CNI dose requirement, but the dose could not be lowered after discontinuation of these foods. Participating nephrologists reported three as yet unexplained temporary deviations from baseline CNI trough levels, of which two could be linked to newly started consumption of high volumes of herbal teas and the other to St. John's wort. Consumption of herbal products within the study cohort had no detectable impact on maintenance doses of CNI. However, herbal products, and specifically teas when consumed by the liter, could be linked to temporary strong deviations from CNI trough levels. The study demonstrates that as yet unnoticed herbal interactions with CNI can be detected by detailed dietary analysis, but that the overall impact on maintenance doses of CNI appears to be low.
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라이너 차칙(Rainer Zaczyk),손미숙(Misuk Son) 한국형사법학회 2022 형사법연구 Vol.34 No.1
이 글은 2011년에 발간된 잉에보르크 푸페 교수의 고희 기념논문집에 수록된 차칙의 논문을 한국어로 번역한 것이다. 법의 이론과 실무라고도 자주 표현되는, 학문과실무의 관계에 대한 저자 특유의 통찰은 (형)법에 관한 깊은 철학적 사상과 오랜 경험에서 나온 인식으로 독일 학계에서도 많은 공감을 얻고 있다. 한국과 독일 두 나라가 지닌 서로 다른 법문화적 특성과 법조인 양성을 위한 대학 교육의 차이 및 형법학연구의 상이한 전통과 방법에도 불구하고 형법(의 교육과 실무 및 연구) 전반에 걸친 근원적인 고찰은—현재 (형)법과 관련하여 전방위적으로 많은 난제를 안고 있는—우리에게 시사하는 바가 많다. 이런 배경 위에서—언급한 서로 밀접한 맥락 속에있는 주제들 중—법학 교육에 관한 저자의 주요 논제를 간략하게 요약해보면 다음과같다: 법학 교육의 과제는 학생들이 현행법의 개념들을 가지고 책임 있게 일할 수 있는능력을 배양하도록 하는 것이다. 이러한 일은 책임감을 필요로 하기 때문에 교육은피상적으로 배우는 내용들을 무비판적으로 수용하는 길들이기가 되어서는 안 된다. 교육은 학문을 위한 양성이 아니라, 학문을 통한 양성이어야 한다. 대학에서의 교육은 법조인 직업의 토대를 구축하는 것이지, 결코 직업교육이 아니며, 직업교육을 대학은 해낼 수도 없다. … 이것을 간결하게 포스터 방식으로 표현해보면: 교육이 비참해질수록, 실무는 더 비참해진다 — 여기서 실무는 당연히 일상의 지식과 처세술 및업무 매뉴얼을 모아 놓은 것이 아니라, 법의 영역에서 책임감 있게 하는 일을 말한다. This work is the Korean translation of a contribution by Professor Dr. Rainer Zaczyk, which was published in 2011 in the Festschrift for Ingeborg Puppe. The relationship between science and practice was always a problem not only for the jubilee, but also for the author; this is already evident in a number of his works. He also always kept an eye on training issues. The subject has been discussed many times before. However, it is presented here in a somewhat different way, as science in research and teaching as well as practice are brought into a context against the background of the task criminal law that unites them. This is also due to newer tendencies in science itself, to which a position is taken. Despite the different legal culture and legal education system between the two countries, the author s reflection can be very illuminating for Korea because of its fundamental and profound insight. Against this background, important thoughts of the author can be summarized: Students must acquire the ability to work with the concepts of applicable law in a responsible manner. Since this work must be responsible, the teaching must not be aimed at uncritically adopting material to be learned externally. It must be education through science, not to science. At the university, the foundation is laid for an understanding of (criminal) law, with which the students then deny their professional life. This can be put bluntly: The more miserable the training, the more miserable the practice — of course, practice is not understood here as a collection of everyday skills and rules of wisdom, but as responsible work in the fields of law.
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High performance switched reluctance drives with wide field weakening range
Rainer Marquardt,Marc Hiller 전력전자학회 2001 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2001 No.10
For electrical vehicles, switched reluctance drives present a promising alternative - compared to asynchronous and synchronous (permanent magnet) concepts. For these applications, a very wide field weakening range is a key issue. Other requirements include high torque output from a small machine and low current ripple at the DC-side without the use of bulky filters - when powered from fuel cells or advanced Lithium-Ion-batteries. A new converter and control strategy according to these requirements is presented and compared to existing designs. The comparison is done for a drive system with a continuous power rating of 30 to 40 kW.<br/>
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Public Administration in a global setting and the rule of law
Rainer Pitschas 한독사회과학회 2001 한독사회과학논총 Vol.11 No.1
국제화․세계화는 전 세계에 정치․경제․문화적으로 급속한 변화를 가져오게 하였다. 국가와 국가 간의 울타리는 사라지고, 특히 국가 간 경제분야는 개방의 속도가 급속한 물살을 타고 있다.본 논문은 이러한 세계화 속에서 공공행정과 법의 규칙을 규명해 보는데 초점을 두고 있다. 독일에서 국가의 현대화와 행정, 현대화에 관한 논쟁의 한계와 구조상태, 현대화 과정의 국제화 등을 심층분석해 본 논문이다.
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Modular Multilevel Converter Topologies with DC-Short Circuit Current Limitation
Rainer Marquardt 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
Demanding future applications in power transmission and drives ? like solar-thermic power plants and off-shore wind power ? require advanced converter systems. Modular Multilevel Converters are well adopted to these needs, owing to industrial scalability, high efficiency and fast dynamic controllability under transient and fault conditions ? including DC-Side faults. The respective features of the established concepts for the high power range (M2C) and of new concepts for the low power range (MHF) are explained.
KCI
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