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E-scrap recycling system and technologies in Japan
Takashi Nakamura 한국자원공학회 2014 Geosystem engineering Vol.17 No.2
A practical usage of urban mine and its system formation are one of the most challenging and important issue to be progressed. In Japan, Home Appliance Recycling Law and End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling Law are enforced since 2001 (former) and 2005 (latter). These Laws may play a part to reduce illegal waste disposals and to properly control hazardous substances. However, in the case of recycling, it seems less affected because a further recovery procedure, for example recovery of less-common-metals, has not additionally and adequately installed. Mainly the previously existing recycling processes are operated. According to the sustainable resource management, further progress for the special minor metals recovery may become the key issue. If any recovery system is not taken into consideration, rare metals will dissipate all over the land in the future. In the case of waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), however, when Cu, Au, and Ag are collected for recycling, rare metals can also be gathered with them. If minor rare metals are separated from WEEE by proper technique and are accumulated for reservation, we can consider them as resources. A possibility of minor rare metals recycling was shown in this presentation, which could have a self-supporting economical system by devising the collection system and by changing the recycling system related with a commercial transaction.
Neutron Dosimetry and Monitoring in the Radiation Environment
Nakamura,Takashi 대한방사선 방어학회 1989 방사선방어학회지 Vol.14 No.2
The high efficiency moderated-type neutron spectrometer and doseequivalent counter were developed for the measurement of low level environmental neutrons. By using these detectors, the neutron energy spectra and dose equivalent rates due to skyshine effect were measured in the environment surrounding the accelerator facilities and also the altitude variation of cosmic ray neutrons in the aircraft flying over Japan.
The Effects of MRI on Mouse Embryos During Fetal Stage
Nakamura, Takashi,Ryu, Myung-Sun,Sakazaki, Takahiko,Itokawa, Yuka,Maenaka, Toshihiro,Masubuchi, Takashi,Sekimoto, Hiroyuki,Kanehara, Masayuki,Kang, Young-Nam,Gu, Yeun-Hwa The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2006 방사선방어학회지 Vol.31 No.2
The effects of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on mouse embryos at the early stage of organogenesis were investigated. Pregnant ICR mice were exposed on day 8 of gestation to MRI at 0.5 T for 0.5 hour to 3 hours. The mortality rates of embryos or fetuses, the incidence of external malformations, fetal body weight and sex ratio were observed at day 18 of gestation. A significant increase in embryonic mortality was observed after exposure to either 0.5 T MRI for 0.5 hour or 2 hours. However, the exposure to MRI for 1 hour or 3 hours did not induce any significant increase in embryonic mortality when compared with control. External malformations such as exencephaly, cleft palate and anomalies of tail were observed in all experimental groups exposed to each MRI. A statistically significant increase of external malformations was observed in all groups treated with 0.5 T MRI for 0.5 hour and 3 hours. The incidence of external malformations in the mice group exposed to 0.5 T MRI for 0.5-hour was found to be higher than those of mice group exposed to 0.5 T MRI for 2 hours. The effects of MRI on the external malformations might not to be dose-dependent. There was no statistically significant difference in fetal body weight and sex ratio among each MRI exposure groups.
Review of a novel disease entity, immunoglobulin G4-related disease
Takashi Maehara,Masafumi Moriyama,Seiji Nakamura 대한구강악안면외과학회 2020 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.46 No.1
Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related dacryoadenitis and sialoadenitis (IgG4-DS) are part of a multiorgan fibroinflammatory condition of unknown etiology termed IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), which has been recognized as a single diagnostic entity for less than 15 years. Histopathologic examination is critical for diagnosis of IgG4-RD. CD4+ T and B cells, including IgG4-expressing plasma cells, constitute the major inflammatory cell populations in IgG4-RD and are thought to cause organ damage and tissue fibrosis. Patients with IgG4-RD who have active, untreated disease exhibit significant increase of IgG4-secreting plasmablasts in the blood. Considerable insight into the immunologic mechanisms of IgG4-RD has been achieved in the last decade using novel molecular biology approaches, including next-generation and single-cell RNA sequencing. Exploring the interactions between CD4+ T cells and B lineage cells is critical for understanding the pathophysiology of IgG4-RD. Establishment of pathogenic T cell clones and identification of antigens specific to these clones constitutes the first steps in determining the pathogenesis of the disease. Herein, the clinical features and mechanistic insights regarding pathogenesis of IgG4-RD were reviewed.
Nakamura, Akimasa,Yoshida, Emi,Taki, Takashi,Watanabe, Tadashi Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2
Chlorophyll (ChI) a' is the Cl3$^2$-epimer of ChI a which is the constituent of P700, the primary electron donor of Photosystem (PS) I, of a thrmophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus, whose structure was recently determined by X-ray crystallography. To determine whether PS I of diverse oxygenic photosynthetic organisms universally contain one molecule of ChI a ’, pigment compositions of thylakoid membranes and PS I complexes isolated from cyanobacteria, green algae, red algae and higher plants were determined by reversed-phase HPLC. The results show that involvement of one ChI a'molecule in PS I is the universal feature for Chi a-based PS I of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms.