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        Comparative studies on bentonite clay and peanut shell carbon recovering heavy metals from printed circuit boards

        Murugesan Manikkampatty Palanisamy,Kannan Kandasamy 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.1

        The quantity of electronic waste subjected to disposal annually is increasing alarmingly and is of major environmental concerndue to the existence of heavy metals and other toxic substances. In this present study, by combining leaching and adsorptionthe recovery of heavy metals from Printed circuit boards (PCBs) has been performed. The two stage aqua-regia leachingextracts Copper (Cu), Tin (Sn), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn) from PCB. Bentonite Clay (Bent) and Peanut Shell Carbon (PSC)in their pristine, thermally and chemically activated forms were employed as adsorbents to remove the heavy metals fromleached solution. Effect of parameters (contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and size) on % adsorption was studied. Chemically activated bent (C-A Bent) has proven to be an effective among all adsorbents studies with % adsorption for Cu97%, Sn 98%, Zn 96%, and Pb 96%. Leaching and adsorption combination can become a promising methodology for handingelectronic waste.

      • KCI등재

        A comparative review on recovery of heavy metals from printed circuit boards (PCB’S) by chemical and bioleaching

        Murugesan Manikkampatti Palanisamy,Akilamudhan Palaniyappan,Venkata Ratnam Myneni,Kannan Kandasamy,Padmapriya Veerappan 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.1

        The electronics industry is the world's largest and fastest growing industry. This consumer-centric industry's combination oftechnology advancements and quick product obsolescence creates new environmental issues. There is an urgent need toaddress the volume and toxicity of electronic waste generated. Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a significant component ofelectronic trash, containing mostly heavy metals such as copper (Cu), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb). Metal recovery andrecycling from PCBs is an important step in pollution prevention. Researchers have devised many methods for recoveringprecious metals from PCBs, including gravity separation, magnetic separation, and electrostatic separation, as well as PCBseparation using the organic solvent technique, leaching method, bioleaching method, or a combination of these methods. Thisresearch provides a brief summary of India's present e-waste status, environmental and health risks, continuing waste disposaland recycling activities, and emphasizes the recovery of heavy metals from PCBs by systematic leaching/bioleaching.

      • KCI등재

        Enhancing Salt Tolerance in Eggplant by Introduction of Foreign Halotolerance Gene, HAL1 Isolated from Yeast

        Sugumaran KrishnaKumar,Iyyakkannu Sivanesan,Kandasamy Murugesan,정병룡,황승재 한국원예학회 2014 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.55 No.3

        Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer method for production of transgenic eggplants (Solanum melongenaL. var. PKM1) has been optimized. Polymerase chain reaction of transgenic plants confirmed the presence of the expectedHAL1 fragment. Different tests were carried out to evaluate the level of salt tolerance for the transgenic and controlplants with culture media in vitro (0, 50, 100, 150, or 200 mM NaCl) and with soil in greenhouse (0, 25, 50, 75, or100 mM NaCl). Differences in callus growth between transgenic and control lines were observed. At 150 mM NaCl,the weight of calli from the transgenic population did not differ significantly from that in non salt condition, whilethe growth of wild-type control calli was strongly inhibited. A preliminary evaluation in vivo under controlled greenhouseconditions showed that at moderate salt concentrations (25 mM NaCl), a similar response to salinity in the originalline and in the transgenic progeny was found. However, at higher salt concentration (50 mM NaCl), total dry weight(relative growth) was not significantly decreased by salinity in the transgenic population, while a growth reductionwas observed in the wild-type control. Our results indicated that a higher level of salt tolerance was found in thetransgenic lines than in the wild-type control. Thus, in this present study we have demonstrated the possibility of increasingsalt tolerance in eggplant by introducing the foreign gene, HAL1 derived from yeast.

      • KCI등재

        Mangiferin from Salacia chinensis Prevents Oxidative Stress and Protects Pancreatic b-Cells in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

        Periyar Selvam Sellamuthu,,Palanisamy Arulselvan,Balu Periamallipatti Muniappan,Sharida Fakurazi,Murugesan Kandasamy 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.8

        Oxidative stress in diabetic tissues is a consequence of free radical accumulation with concurrently impaired natural antioxidants status and results in oxidative tissue damage. The present study investigated the protective effects of mangiferin against pancreatic β-cell damage and on the antioxidant defense systems in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was experimentally induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Oxidative stress biomarkers such as tissue malondialdehyde, hydroperoxides, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and nonenzymatic antioxidants were measured. Biochemical observations were further substantiated with histological examination and ultrastructural studies in the pancreas of diabetic, glibenclamide and mangiferin-treated diabetic rats (dosage of 40 mg/kg body weight daily for 30 days). Oral administration of mangiferin and glibenclamide to diabetic rats significantly decreased the level of blood glucose and increased levels of insulin. Additionally, mangiferin treatment significantly modulated the pancreatic nonenzymatic antioxidants status (vitamin C, vitamin E, ceruloplasmin, and reduced GSH content) and other oxidative stress biomarkers. The histoarchitecture of diabetic rats showed degenerated pancreas with lower β-cell counts, but mangiferin treatment effectively regenerated insulin secreting islet cells. The electron microscopic study revealed damaged nuclear envelope and mitochondria and fewer secretory granules in pancreas of diabetic rats; however, mangiferin treatment nearly normalized pancreatic architecture. The present findings suggest that mangiferin treatment exerts a therapeutic protective nature in diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress and protecting against pancreatic β-cell damage, which may be attributable to its antioxidative properties.

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