http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The nature of urban sprawl in Western Balkan cities
Zora Živanović,Branka Tošić,Natalija Mirić,Nikola Vračević 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2024 도시과학국제저널 Vol.28 No.1
The paper draws attention to the process of urban growth in the Western Balkans, which is principally reflected in the physical expansion into the surrounding area, leading to the conversion of land into urban fabric – urban sprawl. According to the principles of sustainable development, this process is considered unjustified, especially if it is not a consequence of population growth. The features and the intensity of urban sprawl in the Western Balkans have been determined by mathematical and statistical methods, using data from the Urban Atlas database. The main common features and differences related to urban sprawl in the analyzed cities are determined by several factors, which are discussed in the paper. The purpose of the analysis of the intensity of urban sprawl between 2012 and 2018 is to ensure a better understanding of future processes that pose a potential ‘threat’ in environmental terms, but also of other aspects of sustainable development, relevant for bodies and individuals responsible for urban planning. In accordance with the methodology used, the results of the research confirm the presence of urban sprawl in Western Balkan cities, although it has not been proven that there are features common to all cities for any of the analyzed indicators.
Miris Dikmen,Nilgu¨n Ozturk,Yusuf Ozturk 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is known to possess pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and anticancer. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant potency of a methanolic pomegranate fruit peel extract (PPE) and the relation with its antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of PPE were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteau and the 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl free radical methods, respectively. Phenolic acids present in the extract were characterized by a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Cell proliferation was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay. The apoptotic effects were determined by in situ Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay, and Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels were measured by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The extraction yield as a percentage of plant material was 37.97% (wt/wt), and total phenolic content was 331.28 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of extract. According to HPLC analysis, the most abundant phenolic acid detected in the extract was ellagic acid. MCF-7 cell proliferation decreased depending on PPE concentration (25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 ㎍/mL) and incubation times (24, 48, and 72 hours). After 48 and 72 hours, the apoptotic cell numbers were significantly increased at 100, 200, and 300 ㎍/mL PPE concentrations. In addition, expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax was increased, and that of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2was decreased after 200 and 300 ㎍/mL PPE treatment for 48 and 72 hours. Because PPE reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis on MCF-7 cancer cells, we believe that PPE has important antioxidant and apoptotic effects.
( Miri Kim ),( Jin Hee Kang ),( Baik Kee Cho ),( Hyun Jeong Park ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2
Background: Various radiofrequency (RF) devices have been used for treating skin laxity and face contouring. Although clinical improvements have been reported using RF laser devices, but there are few histological and molecular studies about the mechanisms of dermal collagen remodeling. Objectives: To investigate the histological effects of ultrahigh-frequency electric field (40.68 MHz) RF device (POLARGEN®) on dermal collagen remodeling and evaluate the molecular mechanism. Methods: The RF laser delivered on the backs of 5 hairless mice three times a week for 2 weeks. At 21 days after initial treatment, laser treated skin and non-treated control skin samples were excised for semi-quantitative analysis of histological features including collagen. We also checked the mRNA expression levels of collagen type 1, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), TNF-a and IL-1a. Results: The ultrahigh-frequency electric field (40.68 MHz) RF device (POLARGEN®) treatment increased dermal collagen I and significantly increased TGF-b expression. Histologic examination revealed a increase of collagen in treated skin area than in non-treated skin area. Conclusion: The ultrahigh-frequency electric field (40.68 MHz) RF device (POLARGEN®) increases the dermal collagen in association with the increased expression of MMP-1 and TGF-b.
A Development of Docking Phase Analysis Tool for Nanosatellite
Miri Jeong,Dong-Hyun Cho,Hae-Dong Kim 한국우주과학회 2020 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.37 No.3
In order to avoid the high cost and high risk of demonstration mission of rendezvous-docking technology, missions using nanosatellites have recently been increasing. However, there are few successful mission cases due to many limitations of nanosatellites like small size, power limitation, and limited performances of sensor, thruster, and controller. To improve the probability of rendezvous-docking mission success using nanosatellite, a rendezvous-docking phase analysis tool for nanosatellites is developed. The tool serves to analyze the relative position and attitude control of the chaser satellite at the docking phase. In this tool, the Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is implemented as a controller, and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is adopted as a filter for noise filtering. To verify the performance and effectiveness of the developed tool for nanosatellites, simulation study was conducted. Consequently, we confirmed that this tool can be used for the analysis of relative position and attitude control for nanosatellites in the rendezvous-docking phase.
P290 : Great toenail dystrophy: A single-center experience with 21 cases
( Miri Kim ),( Sewon Hwang ),( Jin Hee Kang ),( Baik Kee Cho ),( Hyun Jeoung Park ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2
Background: There have been a few reported cases of congenital great toenail dystrophy described as a congenital malalignment of the great toenails. However, acquired great toenail dystrophy (GTND is rare, and has not yet been documented extensively. Objective: This study aims to describe the clinical features of 21 patients with acquired GTND. Methods: Twenty-one patients with acquired GTND who attended our hospital between June 2005 and August 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed retrospectively 21 cases of acquired GTND who attended our hospital between June 2005 and August 2012. Results: The mean age was 43.1 years (range, 17-88yrs), witha predominance of women (18/21). In our experience, all acquired GTND patients presented with yellow or yellow-brownish chromonychia, onychotrophy and onycholysis. For treatment, conservative treatment with tape methods and grinding, as well as nail extraction was conducted, all of which showed little improvement. Conclusion: This study provides first data on the nail changes affected great toenail such as yellowish chromonychia, onychomadesis and onycholysis. These data may help physicians discern a number of nail disorders including onychomycosis, congenital malalignment of the gret toenails and yellow nail syndrome.
( Miri Hyun ),( Chang In Noh ),( Seong Yeol Ryu ),( Hyun Ah Kim ) 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.3
Background/Aims: Klebsiella pneumoniae is second most common organism of gram-negative bacteremia in Korea and one of the most common cause of urinary tract infection, and intra-abdominal infection. Methods: We compared clinical and microbiological characteristics about K. pneumoniae bacteremia in a tertiary hospital between 10 years. Group A is who had K. pneumoniae bacteremia at least one time from January 2004 to December 2005. Group B is from January 2012 to December 2013. We also analyzed antibiotic resistance, clinical manifestation of the K. pneumoniae bacteremia divided into community-acquired infections, healthcare associated infections, and nosocomial infections. Results: The resistance for ampicillin, aztreonam, cefazolin, and cefotaxime significantly increased compared to 10 years ago. Extended spectrum β-lactamase positivity surged from 4.3% to 19.6%. Ten years ago, 1st, 2nd cephalosporin, and aminoglycoside were used more as empirical antibiotics. But these days, empirical antibiotics were broad spectrum such as 3rd and 4th cephalosporin. In treatment outcome, acute kidney injury decreased from 47.5% to 28.7%, and mortality decreased from 48.9% to 33.2%. In community-acquired infections, there was similar in antimicrobial resistance and mortality. In healthcare-associated and nosocomial infections, there was significantly increasing in antibiotic resistance, decreasing in mortality, and acute kidney injury. Conclusions: In community-acquired infections, broader antibiotics were more used than 10 years ago despite of similar antimicrobial resistance. When K. pneumoniae bacteremia is suspected, we recommend to use the narrow spectrum antibiotics as initial therapy if there are no healthcare-associated risk factors, because the antibiotic resistance is similar to 10 years ago in community-acquired infections.