Extending absorption of near-infrared wavelength range for high efficiency CIGS solar cell via adjusting energy band

Lingling Yan,Yiming Bai,Bo Yang,Nuofu Chen,Zhan'ao Tan,Tasawar Hayat,Ahmed Alsaedi 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.4

The efficient photon harvesting in near infrared wavelength range is still a challenging problem for high performance Cu(In1-x, Gax)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell. Herein, adjusting the energy band distribution of CIGS solar cell could provide significant academic guidance for devices with superior output electric power. To understand the role of each functional layer, the optimal 3000 nm CIGS absorber layer with 1.3 eV bandgap and 30 nm CdS buffer layer were firstly obtained via simulating the uniform band-gap structures. By introducing CIGS absorber layer with a double grading Ga/(GaþIn) profile, the power conversion efficiency of the double gradient band gap cell is superior to that of uniform band-gap cell through extending absorption of near-infrared wavelength range. Upon optimization, the best power conversion efficiency of CIGS with a double gradient band gap solar cell is improved significantly to 24.90%, among the best values reported in literatures, which is an 8.17% relative increase compared with that of the uniform band-gap cell. Our findings provide a theoretical guide toward the design of high performance solar cells and enrich the understandings of the energy band engineering for developing of novel semiconductor devices.

AITC induces MRP1 expression by protecting against CS/CSE-mediated DJ-1 protein degradation via activation of the DJ-1/Nrf2 axis

Lingling Xu,Jie Wu,Nini Li,Chengjun Jiang,Yan Guo,Peng Cao,Dianlei Wang 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.24 No.6

The present study aimed to examine the effect of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to investigate whether upregulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) associated with the activation of the PARK7 (DJ-1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) axis. Lung function indexes and histopathological changes in mice were assessed by lung function detection and H&E staining. The expression levels of Nrf2, MRP1, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and DJ-1 were determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Next, the expression of DJ-1 in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells was silenced by siRNA, and the effect of DJ-1 expression level on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-stimulated protein degradation and AITC-induced protein expression was examined. The expression of DJ-1, Nrf2, HO-1, and MRP1 was significantly decreased in the wild type model group, while the expression of each protein was significantly increased after administration of AITC. Silencing the expression of DJ-1 in 16HBE cells accelerated CSE-induced protein degradation, and significantly attenuated the AITC-induced mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and MRP1. The present study describes a novel mechanism by which AITC induces MRP1 expression by protecting against CS/CSEmediated DJ-1 protein degradation via activation of the DJ-1/Nrf2 axis.

Culture of a Whole Porcine Liver Ex Situ without Red Blood Cells

( Jing Dong ),( Lingling Xia ),( Hefang Shen ),( Congwen Bian ),( Sujin Bao ),( Ming Zhang ),( Yan Dai ),( Yanhong Xu ),( Qiru Xiong ),( Jianjian Xu ),( Lili Xu ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Liver transplantation is an effective approach to end-stage liver disease. Shortage of donor liver and increased waiting time for liver transplantation necessitate the development of an organ culture system by which livers can be cultured and maintained ex situ for a prolonged period of time. The aim of this work is to test whether cell culture condition in vitro could be used to culture whole livers ex situ without the use of erythrocytes. Methods: Eight castrated male land race/farm young porcine livers were exposed to 30 min warm ischemia and 30 min cold perfusion. Livers were isolated and connected to an ex situ liver culture system using a standard culture medium RPMI 1640 supplied with 10% of fetal calf serum and sufficient dissolved oxygen under a normothermic condition for 6 hours. Metabolic biomarkers, bile and urea production, hepatic cell viability, and histology analysis of biopsies were performed and analyzed. Results: Dissociated porcine hepatic cells survived and grew in vitro under the standard RPMI 1640 culture medium. When the same RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% of FCS and sufficient oxygen was used to culture livers ex situ, over 98% of liver cells were viable for at least 6 hours during ex situ whole organ culture based on the results from biochemical assays. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that the liver culture system established in this work can be used to culture whole livers ex situ in the absence of erythrocytes.

Synthesis and Properties of Arylacetylene Resins with Siloxane Units

Fei Gao,Lingling Zhang,Lemin Tang,Jian Zhang,Yan Zhou,Farong Huang,Lei Du 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.4

A series of arylacetylene resins with siloxane units were synthesized by the condensation reactions of m-diethynylbenzene magnesium reagents with various α,ω-bis(chloro)dimethylsiloxanes. These resins are liquids and are miscible with common organic solvents at room temperature. The structures of the resins were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR, 29Si NMR, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal behaviors of the resins were examined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These resins have good processability. They can be thermally crosslinked through the ethynyl groups to produce cured resins. The thermal and thermooxidative stabilities of the cured resins were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The cured resins possess high thermal and thermooxidative stability. Their decomposition occurs at above 500 oC in both N2 and air. With increasing the length of siloxane units in the resins, the thermal stability of the cured resins decreases in N2. When the cured resins were sintered above 1450 oC under argon, hard and glassy SiOC ceramics were obtained. These SiOC ceramics have the decomposition temperatures at 5% weight loss above 800 oC in air.

BUILDING CONSUMER-BRAND RELATIONSHIP ON SOCIAL MEDIA

Hua Chang,Lingling Zhang,Lei Song,Yan Meng 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07

In the new digital age, the emergence of user-generated content enables consumers to enjoy greater freedom and control over their behavior on the internet and assume more active roles in sharing brand-related information with others. This research examines the role of brand engagement on consumer psychological ownership, purchase intention, electronic word of mouth (eWOM), and consumers’ willingness to defend the brand on social media. The findings provide evidence of consumer psychological process to demonstrate that companies can use social media to engage with consumers, so consumers are likely to spread positive WOM and be protective of the brand. It is important for marketing managers to assess the level of brand engagement on social media sites and develop tools and techniques to increase consumers’ participation such as using subliminal priming on brand image, with an aim to create a close consumer brand relationship.

Leukotriene B4 Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Cultured Rat Myoblasts via the BLT1 Pathway

Ru Sun,Xueqing Ba,Lingling Cui,Yan Xue,Xianlu Zeng 한국분자세포생물학회 2009 Molecules and cells Vol.27 No.4

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process initiated by activation of adult muscle satellite cells. Upon muscle injury, the inflammatory process is always accompanied by muscle regeneration. Leukotriene B4 is one of the essential inflammatory mediators. We isolated and cultured primary satellite cells. RT-PCR showed that myoblasts expressed mRNA for LTB4 receptors BLT1 and BLT2, and LTB4 promoted myoblast proliferation and fusion. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting showed that LTB4 treatment expedited the expression process of differentiation markers MyoD and M-cadherin. U-75302, a specific BLT1 inhibitor, but not LY2552833, a specific BLT2 inhibitor, blocked proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts induced by LTB4, which implies the involvement of the BLT1 pathway. Overall, the data suggest that LTB4 contributes to muscle regeneration by accelerating proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells.

Synthesis and Properties of Arylacetylene Resins with Siloxane Units

Gao, Fei,Zhang, Lingling,Tang, Lemin,Zhang, Jian,Zhou, Yan,Huang, Farong,Du, Lei Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.4

A series of arylacetylene resins with siloxane units were synthesized by the condensation reactions of m-diethynylbenzene magnesium reagents with various $\alpha,\omega$-bis(chloro)dimethylsiloxanes. These resins are liquids and are miscible with common organic solvents at room temperature. The structures of the resins were characterized by FT-IR, $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, $^{29}Si$ NMR, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal behaviors of the resins were examined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These resins have good processability. They can be thermally cross-linked through the ethynyl groups to produce cured resins. The thermal and thermooxidative stabilities of the cured resins were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The cured resins possess high thermal and thermooxidative stability. Their decomposition occurs at above $500^{\circ}C$ in both $N_2$ and air. With increasing the length of siloxane units in the resins, the thermal stability of the cured resins decreases in $N_2$. When the cured resins were sintered above $1450^{\circ}C$ under argon, hard and glassy SiOC ceramics were obtained. These SiOC ceramics have the decomposition temperatures at 5% weight loss above $800^{\circ}C$ in air.

Adaptive Finite Time Control for Wearable Exoskeletons Based on Ultra-local Model and Radial Basis Function Neural Network

Jianjun Sun,Jie Wang,Peng Yang,Yan Zhang,Lingling Chen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.2

This paper investigates an adaptive finite time control scheme for wearable exoskeletons to realize trajectory tracking control. The main feature of the proposed scheme is model-free in which no dynamic models are required except for the input and output data. Firstly, a second order ultra-local model is employed to replace the complex dynamic model of wearable exoskeleton as the controlled object, which is a novel designed model. In addition, a nonsingular fast terminal sliding surface is proposed to design the controller to guarantee the finite time convergence of tracking errors, and a radial basis function (RBF) neural network is developed to approximate the lumped disturbance in the ultra-local model. Then the stability of closed-loop system is proved by Lyapunov theory. Finally, to validate the proposed control scheme, virtual prototype is designed in SolidWorks and transferred to MATLAB, then visual simulation program is implemented based on SimMechanics. What’s more, reference trajectories are extracted from the measured data of DELSYS Electromyography (EMG) recording system. Theeffectiveness of proposed scheme is demonstrated by the simulation results.

Identification and Expression Patterns of fvexpl1, an Expansin-Like Protein-Encoding Gene, Suggest an Auxiliary Role in the Stipe Morphogenesis of Flammulina velutipes

( Qianhui Huang ),( Xing Han ),( Irum Mukhtar ),( Lingling Gao ),( Rongmei Huang ),( Liping Fu ),( Junjie Yan ),( Yongxin Tao ),( Bingzhi Chen ),( Baogui Xie ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.4

Expansins are cell wall proteins that mediate cell wall loosening and promote specific tissue and organ morphogenesis in plants and in some microorganisms. Unlike plant expansins, the biological functions of fungal expansin-like proteins have rarely been discussed. In the present study, an expansin-like protein-encoding fvexpl1 gene, was identified from Flammulina velutipes by using local BLAST. It consisted of five exons with a total length of 822 bp. The deduced protein FVEXPL1 contained 274 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point of 28,589 Da and pH 4.93, respectively. The first 19 amino acids from the N terminal are the signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple protein alignment indicated FVEXPL1 was an expansin-like protein. The expression level of fvexpl1 gene in the stipe was significantly higher than that in the mycelia, primordia, and cap. However, the expression level of fvexpl1 gene was significantly higher in the fast elongation region of the stipe as compared with the slow elongation region. Expression analysis indicated that fvexpl1 gene might have an auxiliary role in the stipe morphogenesis of F. velutipes.

Fabrication Tough and Electrically Conductive Graphene-Based Nanocomposite Gels with Self-Oscillating Performance

Jie Ren,Xuemiao Wang,Aixia Zhang,Lan Zhang,Lingling Zhao,Yan Li,Wu Yang 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.13

Stimulus-responsive polymer gel materials were studied and applied widely in many fields in recent years. However, the poor electrically conductive property and even with poor toughness largely limit their extensive applications in more expanded fields. Herein, we report a novel kind of self-oscillating gels poly(acrylamide-coacrylic acid-co-Fe(phen)3)/reduced graphene oxide (poly(AM-co-AC-co-Fe(phen)3)/ RGO) with excellent electrical conductivity, and compressive strength via an in-situ polymerization accompanied by an ultrasonic assisted method. The dispersed reduced graphene oxide (RGO) improved the conductive and mechanical properties of the prepared materials remarkably. The conductivity of gel reached to 16.88 S·m-1 with the content of 0.34 wt% RGO and the maximum fracture pressure was 4.1 MPa, which is as high as human cartilage. Besides, the prepared gels exhibited the self-oscillating behavior in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) solution free of catalyst. Therefore, the prepared materials have potential applications as artificial cartilage and soft electron instrument.