전송율 향상을 위한 다단계 상호연결망

신용태,이철희,조민수 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

This paper proposed two Multi-statge Interconnection Network(MIN) that had multiple outlet to improve throughput. These proposed MINS were made of Clos MIN, well known Non-blocking MIN. These proposed MINs were called ECFS(Expanded Clos Switch Fabric) adn TCSF(Tandem Clos Switch Fabric). ECFS was consist of expanded number of switchs for multiple oulet. TCSF was consist of serial Clos MIN for multiple outlet. Performance evaluation of these proposed MINs was calculated arrival probability of packet through the MIN. In teh result, these proposed MINs with multiple outlet had higher throughput than existed MIN with single outlet. We know the fact that as the outlet of MIN increase, throughput of MIN increase.

동맥혈 채혈후 시간 경과 및 온도 변화가 가스분압 및 PH 에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김동수,이승환,김건식,강화자,신광일,여민구 대한마취과학회 1989 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.22 No.6

Blood gas samples are highly susceptible to preanalytic error due to improper methods of obtaining or handling the sample prior to delivery to the laboratory. The errors in the measurement of blood gas analysis are currently derived from the exposure of sample to atmosphere, effects of anticoagulant itself, temperature difference between the measuring electrode and drawn blood and the delay in running the sample. To study the effects of the delay in measuring the sample and the temperature difference between the measuring electrode and drawn blood on values of blood gases and pH, we analyzed the arterial sampling from the 24 patients who were taking elective surgery or on his/her recovery period with indwelling arterial catheter. The plastic sampling syringes were kept at 4。C (refrigerator) or 22。-24。C (room temperature) and analyzed at regular intervals (1, 10, 30, 60,120 min) for 120 minutes. The following results were obtained: 1) When the arterial blood drawn from the anesthetized patients were stored 4。C, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) decreased significantly after 20 min, whereas those stored at room temperature decreased significantly after 10 min. 2) When the arterial blood drawn from the recovery patients were stored at 4。C, PaO₂ did not decrease significantly through the experimental period of 120 min. Although those stored at room temperature did not decrease significantly through the period of 120 min. 3) Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood (PaCO₂,) drawn from the anesthetized patients increased significantly by 120 min. at 4。C, whereas those at room temperature increased significantly after 20 min. 4) PaCO₂, of the recovery patients increased signigicantly by 120 min. at 4。C, whereas those at room temperature increased significantly after 30 min. 5) pH of the arterial blood drawn from either anesthetized or recovery patients decreased significantly by 120 min. at 4。C, whereas those at room temperature decreased significantly after 60 min. 6) No significant changes al oxygen saturation (SaO₂) and content (CaO₂) were noted in either anesthetized or recovery. patients in accordance with time elapsed at 4。C or room temperature. In summary, as the changes of PO₂ in particular higher than physiologic PO₂ and PCO₂ in the arterial blood stored at room temperature are significant in accordance with the delay in measuring, it would be advisable to analyze the sample in a short period of time or to store it in a cool place when the measuring will be delayed.

동충하초 투여가 최대하 운동 시 지방연소에 미치는 영향

김철우,이용수,이상현,이상호,하민수,윤영조,이재일 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation during submaximal exercise. Fifteen healthy male collegiate students(ingestion group, N=7; control group, N=8) participated as subjects after signing an informed consent following overnight, subjects completed maximal graded execise test on treadmill to determine exercise intensity(50%VO2max). To evaluate the fat oxidation using indirect calorimeter, it was performed submaximal treadmill to determine exercise lasting. 40min at 50%VO2max after 5day and consumed Cordyceps militaris on separate days. This study was used 2×4 two way repeated ANOVA to analyze physiological and metabolic variables between two groups and metabolic variables between two groups and four exercise periods(l0min, 20min, 30min 40min), and used Scheffe to post-hoc test. Significance was set at α=.05. The results of this study were as followed: First, there were significantly highest in ingestion group for V02, percentage of fat oxidetion(%fat), fat per kilocarolies(Fkcal), and total per kilocarolies(Tkcal)(p<.05), but respiratory exchange ration(RER) and heart rete(HR) were significantly lower in ingestion group(p<.05). Second, RER, %fat, Fkcal were significantly difference in 10, 20, 30, 40min of exercise period(p<.05). This results suggest that there is the effect of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation submaximal exercise. Additionally, to evaluate effect of Cordyceps militaris as ergogenic aid, it should be required the future study that included extend subjects, various dosage, and chronic consumption.

신장기능영상용 방사성의약품 Bz - MAG3 ( Benzoylmercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine ) 의 키트화 및 체내분포

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),김영주(Young Ju Kim),정재민(Jae Min Jeong),장영수(Young Soo Chang),조정혁(Jung Hyuk Cho) 대한핵의학회 1996 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.30 No.3

N/A The MAG3 is a tubular excreting radiopharmaceutical for renal image. We synthe-sized benzoyl MAG3 (Bz-MAG3) and made a kit for labeling with Tc-99m. We checked the labeling effeciency of Tc-99m labeled MAG3 and biodistribution. Labeling efficiency was checked by TLC- SG (acetonitrile/H2O=2/1). After injecting of 1 mCi of Tc-99M-MAG3 to ICR-mice, Tmax(min), T1/2(min) were obtained in the renogram. Sequencial images (30sec, 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min) of TC-99m-MAG3 were compared with those of commercial Tc-99m-DTPA (Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Co.) kit. 1) The Rf value of synthesized Tc-99m-MAG3 was 0.78 and labeling efficiency was 97.5±1.9% (n=10). 2) The dynamic images of the Tc-99m-MAG3 were better than those of the Tc-99m-DTPA. 3) The Tmax(min.) and T1/2(min.) of Tc-99m-MAG3 (n=10) were 1.5±0.5 (left), 1.4±0.4(right), and 4.3±1.4 (left), 4.8±2.0 (right), respectivel. The Tmax(min.) and T1/2(min.) of Tc-99m-DTPA (n=7) were 2.7±1.6 (left), 2.7±1.6 right), and 3.8±1.7 (left), 4.5±2.7 (right), respectively. The quaility of image and labeling efficiency of the synthesized Bz-MAG3 kit were excellent, that it was supposed to be used in routine clinical work.

대장내시경검사의 전처치로서 항콜린제 사용에 관한 연구 : 전향적, 이중맹검법으로

박경남,한동수,이민호,최호순,박준용,손주현,이오영,함준수,전용철,송승찬,기춘석,윤병철,이종희 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.3

Background: Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy is controversial but someone believes antispasmodic may improve visualization of colonic mucosa and ease colonoscope insertion. So, we designed a study to assess the effect of premedication with the antispasmodic, hyoscine-N-butyl bromide(Buscopan') on the performance of colonoscopy. Methods: This study was prospective, double blinded, randomized, controlled study, One hundred three consecutive patients were randomized to receive intravenous buscopan lml(n=52) or placebo(n=51) combined with our standard initial medication(me- peridine 50 mg and midazolam 2 mg). Insertion of colonoscopy was timed, and 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS) were used for asscssing difficulty of procedure, colonic motility, frequency of positional change, frequency of external compression, difficulty of assistance and degree of discomfort experienced by the patients. Results: There were no significant differences of intubation time between buscopan group(mean time, 7.23 min., range 2~15) and placebo group(7.07 min., range 3-25), (p=0.83) and withdrawal time between buscopan group (6.46 min., range 2-22) and placebo group(6.76 min., range 2 25), (p=0.69). Also, there was no significant differences in intubation time between males and females(buscopan; males 7.00 min., females 7.60 min., p=0.34, placebo; males 7.0~5 min., females 7.08 min., p 0.44). The VAS scores checked by endoscopist(p=0.29), assistant(p=0.32) and patient (p=0.15) were not significantly different in both groups. There were no significant differences in intubation time, VAS scores nf endoscopist, assistant, and patients. Conclusion: Premedication with intravenous bu.opan has no advantage on colonoscopy procedure. Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy was not considered as recommendable agent.

치면열구전색제의 조건에 따른 법랑질 결합강도에 관한 연구

이용근,이흥수,이성재,방기숙,최정민,류승호,강민석 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, the shear bond strengths and accompanying elastic modulus ratio, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture of pit and fissure sealants to toothe enamel were analyzed by the following variables, those were acid etching, moisture content of the surface of enamel, dentin bonding agent(species and method), thermocycling, saliva contamination. One kind of chemically cured resin based pit and fissure sealant, two kinds of light cured resin based pit and fissure sealants and one kind of glass ionomer based pit and fissure sealant, and two kinds of dentin bonding agents were studied. The buccal surface of extracted premolars were ground flat with # 600 silicone carbide papers, and the ground surface was treated depending on the experimental conditions. After each treatment, each pit and fissure sealant was filled into plastic tube of 3mm diameter, which were laid on the surface of ground enamel surface, and were cured. Sealant bonded teeth specimens were immersed in 37℃ distilled water form 24 hours. The shear bond strength of sealant to enamel surface was measured with Universal testing machine with the cross head speed of 1mm/min. From the obtained load-deflection curves, modulus ratio, bond strength, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture were analyzed. From this experiment, the following results were obtained : 1. Comparing the results of standard condition(i. e. acid etching, dry surface, no dentin bonding agent and 300 thermocyling), the elastic modulus ratio of chemically cured resinbased pit and fissure sealant was significantly higher than those of other materials(P<0.05), and the bond strength, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture of glass ionomer based pit and fissure sealant were significantly lower than those of other materials(P<0.05). 2. The results of ANOVA with the variables of type of material, acid etching, moisture condition of the enamel surface, dentin bonding agents were as follows ; 1) variables showed significant main effect on the shear bond strength of pit and fissure sealant to enamel(P<0.01), 2) type of material, acid etching and moisture condition of enamel influenced the bond strength significantly(P<0.01), 3) type and application methods of dentin bonding agents influenced on the bond strength significantly(P<0.05). 3. There were statistically significant correlation between the work up to fracture and the bond strength, and between the work up to fracture and the displacement at bond failure(P<0.01), and in these cases the correlation coefficient was 0.87.

개의 췌도분리에서 췌장의 팽창과 콜라겐 분해요소

이상훈,김성주,박정환,김종성,오승훈,한진수,정인경,양태영,김동준,김광원,이문규,민용기,이명식,정재훈,함종렬 대한당뇨병학회 2000 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.2

Backgrounds: One of the main problems conditioning the outcome of islet transplantation is the ability to separate a sufficient number of viable islets with preserved function. Islet purification is critically affected by all of the isolation stages. Thus, it is necessary to set up the standard isolation method that islets are separate well from acinar without compromising islet yield and viability. Methods: Twenty three adult mongrel dogs were used for the experiment of total pancreatectomy with islet isolation. The islets were properly isolated by a modified Recordi method. The obtained islets were further purified by centrifugation on discontinuous gradients using cell separation system (Model 2991, Cobe, Lakewood Colo). We evaluated islet number (islet equivalent number, 150 um equivalents/kg of recipient body weight, IEq/kg), purity, cell volume, viabilty, recovery rate, and comparison of outcome according to the isolation conditions. Results: 1) The mean of islet numbers before purification were 13543±9431Eq/kg, digestion times were 13.8±2.6 min., digestion temperature was 37.4±0.2℃, purity was 59.7?.0%, viability was 90.0±2.1%, cell volume was 4.7±1.1 mL, islet number after purification were 4064±361 IEq/kg, and recovery rate was 29±2.9%. 2) Isolated islet numbers were different according to the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase, digestion temperature, and digestion time. 3) The best conditions for islet isolation were above 37.5℃ in temperature at recirculation of collagenase, within 12 min in digestion time and well distended pancreas with collagenase. 4) According to multiple regression adjusted by variable factors, the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase and digestion time were independently associated factors for successful islet isolation. Conclusions: In this study, we concluded that the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase and digestion time were independent factors for successful islet isolation and the best conditions for islet isolation were above 37.5℃ in temperature at recirculation of collagenase, within 12 min in digestion time and well distended pancreas with collagenase.

본태성 고혈압 환자의 적혈구 Na+-Li+ Countertransport 와 적혈구막 지방산 구성에 대한 연구

이영우,고경수,고재준,박경수,김원배,한은경,김성연,조보연,이홍규,고창순,민현기 한국지질학회 1991 韓國脂質學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

Since the changes of Na^+-Li^+ countertransport (SLC) Vmax in essential hypertension have been reported. it has been known that hyperlipidemia could affect SLC independently of blood pressure. To reveal the relation between SLC Vmax and RBC membrane fatty acid conposition in the hypertensive patients, we divided patients into two groups according to their levels of SLC Vmax of erythrocytes(elevated SLC Vmax: n=4, normal SLC Vamx: n=6). The results were as follows: 1) There was no difference in body mate index, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level between two groups. Triglyceride were higher in elevated group (278.0±180.0 ㎎/㎗) than normal group (124.3±60.7 ㎎/㎗) but there was no statistical significance. HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower in elevated group (32.0±3.6 vs. 44.8±8.9 ㎎/㎗) and free fatty acid concentrations, intracellular (RBC) Na^+ concentrations were similar between two groups. 2) The results of oral glucose tolerance test showed no differences in the glucose and insulin area, however the incremental insulin areas of elevated group (108.8±31.3, μU. min/㎖×10²) were significantly higher compared with those of normal group (56.3±20.7 μU. min/㎖×10²). 3) In the elevated group, palmitic acid proportions of erythrocytes (22.1±0.7%) were higher than those of normal group (20.1±0.7%) and SLC Vmax showed significant correlation (r=0.81, p$lt;0.01) with palmitic acid proportion. These results suggest that the abnormal lipid metabolism may change the RBC Na^+ transport system through the alterations of RBC membrane fatty acid composition.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

Effect of Jaeumkanghwatang (JEKHT), a Polyherbal Formula on the Pharmacokinetics Profiles of Tamoxifen in Male SD Rats (1)

Min A Kwak,Soo Jin Park,Sung Hwan Park,Young Joon Lee,Sae Kwang Ku 대한한의학회 2016 대한한의학회지 Vol.37 No.2