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Cytotoxicity Screening of Several Tomato Extracts
Jose´ Luis Guil-Guerrero,Rebeca Ramos-Bueno,Ignacio Rodríguez-García,Cristóbal López-Sánchez 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.1
The cytotoxic effects of extracts of the tomato variety “Racimo” have been evaluated through the use of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at several concentrations. Three extracts—ethanol–water, petroleum ether, and in vitro digested tomato—exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against the proliferation of the cultured cancer cell line HT-29. The concentration that caused 50% inhibition of cancer cell growth occurred (GI50) of the different extracts for HT-29 cells was 62.5μg/mL for the petroleum ether extract and 87.0μg/mL for the digested tomato extract. For the ethanol–water extract, it was not possible to determine this parameter at the assayed extract concentrations. These results clearly indicate that after the digestion process, the less polar substances, such as carotenoids and sterols, are bioavailable as active species against cancer cells. The GI50 levels for tomato extracts are similar to those values reported for medicinal plants. The results of the MTT assay on nonmutagenic CCD-18 cells showed a lack of negative effect on cell growth, which indicates that tomato extracts act selectively on HT-29 tumor cells. ^1H-Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed the presence of known compounds with accepted cytotoxic activity against tumor lines (lycopene and β-carotene). The high cytotoxicity for HT-29 cells showed by the petroleum ether extract might be due to the simultaneous presence in the extract of both carotenoids and glyceryl esters of fatty acids. The results of this work clearly indicate the importance of carotenoid consumption on colon tumor proliferation and prevention, and also the importance of the dietary fats in carotenoid bioavailability.
Sonographic measure techniques of fetal penile length
( Álvaro López Soto ),( Jose Luis Meseguer González ),( Rocío López-perez ),( Mónica Lorente Fernández ),( Juan Martínez-uriarte ),( Olivia García Izquierdo ) 대한산부인과학회 2020 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.63 No.5
Postnatal penile length is a reliable, standardized, and widely used marker for the diagnosis of genitourinary pathology, as well as genetic and hormonal disorders. In contrast, prenatal diagnosis has not been developed equally and there is a lack of relevant literature. Our objective is to review the studies on fetal penile length, and apply findings to clinical practice. Although the most used technique is the outer penile length, there is no consensus regarding the appropriate technique for prenatal measurement. Several reports have provided reference data with high correlation. However, important issues like poor correlation with post-natal measures or presence of confounding variables are still present. Diagnosis of both a micropenis and macropenis can indicate related pathologies, and this information may benefit parental counseling and facilitate fetal management. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out prospective studies that provide reliable normative data.
Sonographic evaluation of fetal scrotum, testes and epididymis
( Álvaro López Soto ),( Jose Luis Meseguer González ),( María Velasco Martínez ),( Rocío López Pérez ),( Inmaculada Martínez Rivero ),( Mónica Lorente Fernández ),( Olivia García Izquierdo ),( Juan Pe 대한산부인과학회 2021 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.64 No.5
External male genitalia have rarely been evaluated on fetal ultrasound. Apart from visualization of the penis for fetal sex determination, there are no specific instructions or recommendations from scientific societies. This study aimed to review the current knowledge about prenatal diagnosis of the scrotum and internal structures, with discussion regarding technical aspects and clinical management. We conducted an article search in Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases for studies in English or Spanish language that discussed prenatal scrotal pathologies. We identified 72 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Relevant data were grouped into sections of embryology, ultrasound, pathology, and prenatal diagnosis. The scrotum and internal structures show a wide range of pathologies, with varying degrees of prevalence and morbidity. Most of the reported cases have described incidental findings diagnosed via striking ultrasound signs. Studies discussing normative data or management are scarce.
Juristo Fonolla,Jose A Maldonado-Lobón,Roberto Luque,Carlos Rodríguez,Óscar Bañuelos,Jose L López-Larramendi,Mónica Olivares,Ruth Blanco-Rojo 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.5
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) from olives and polyphenols from almond skin (ASPs) possess cardioprotective properties. This pilot study evaluates the effect of supplementation with a combination of olive fruit and almond skin extracts on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidation, lipid homeostasis, and inflammatory parameters in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia. A randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of 8 weeks was performed. The extract group (EG) received the supplement with 7.5 mg HT +210 mg ASPs, and the control group (CG) received a placebo composed of maltodextrin. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) levels and the oxLDL/LDL ratio were lower in the EG than in the CG after 8 weeks of treatment (18.76 ± 3.91 vs. 10.34 ± 4.22, P < .001 and 0.151 ± 0.025 vs. 0.08 ± 0.023, P < .001, respectively). Interleukin-1β levels were significantly higher in the CG than in the EG at week 4 (P = .004), IL-6 was significantly higher in the CG than in the EG at week 4 (P = .049), and IL-10 was significantly increased at week 4 in both groups (P = .002 for CG and P = .001 for EG). In conclusion, daily consumption of a combination of an olive fruit extract and an almond skin extract for 8 weeks seems to protect LDL from oxidation and to prevent inflammatory status in moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects.
Rico, Cyren M.,Lee, Sang Chul,Rubenecia, Rosnah,Mukherjee, Arnab,Hong, Jie,Peralta-Videa, Jose R.,Gardea-Torresdey, Jorge L. American Chemical Society 2014 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.62 No.40
<P>The implications of engineered nanomaterials on crop productivity and food quality are not yet well understood. The impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles (<I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>) on growth and yield attributes and nutritional composition in wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.) was examined. Wheat was cultivated to grain production in soil amended with 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg of <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>/kg (control, <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-L, <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-M, and <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-H, respectively). At harvest, grains and tissues were analyzed for mineral, fatty acid, and amino acid content. Results showed that, relative to the control, <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-H improved plant growth, shoot biomass, and grain yield by 9.0%, 12.7%, and 36.6%, respectively. Ce accumulation in roots increased at increased <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration but did not change across treatments in leaves, hull, and grains, indicating a lack of Ce transport to the above-ground tissues. <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB> modified S and Mn storage in grains. <I>n</I>CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-L modified the amino acid composition and increased linolenic acid by up to 6.17% but decreased linoleic acid by up to 1.63%, compared to the other treatments. The findings suggest the potential of nanoceria to modify crop physiology and food quality with unknown consequences for living organisms.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2014/jafcau.2014.62.issue-40/jf503526r/production/images/medium/jf-2014-03526r_0002.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf503526r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Caires, Taiara A.,Lyra, Goia de M.,Hentschke, Guilherme S.,da Silva, Aaron Matheus S.,de Araujo, Valter L.,Sant'Anna, Celia L.,Nunes, Jose Marcos de C. The Korean Society of Phycology 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.4
Lyngbya C. Agardh ex Gomont is a nonheterocytous cyanobacterial genus whose evolutionary history is still poorly known. The traditionally defined Lyngbya has been demonstrated to be polyphyletic, including at least five distinct clades, some of which have been proposed as new genera. Intraspecific diversity is also clearly underestimated in Lyngbya due to the lack of unique morphological characters to differentiate species. In this study, we describe the new genus Capillus T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes from benthic marine environments, including two new Brazilian species (here described as C. salinus T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes, and C. tropicalis T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes), and two species yet to be described, one of them from India (Capillus sp. 2.1), and the other from United States of America, based on strain PCC 7419. Capillus species presented cross-wise diagonal fragmentation, assisted or not by necridic cells, which has not been previously mentioned for Lyngbya. Ultrastructural analyses showed that C. salinus and C. tropicalis have numerous gas vesicles, which are rarely described for benthic marine species. The new genus formed a well-supported clade, and the D1-D1' and Box B secondary structures of internal transcribed spacer also supported the proposal of its new species. These findings help to clarify the diversity of species in the Lyngbya complex and the taxonomy of the group, and highlight the need of further floristic surveys in tropical coastal environments, which remain poorly studied.
Perirenal and epicardial fat and their association with carotid intima-media thickness in children
Abel López-Bermejo,Anna Prats-Puig,Inés Osiniri,Jose-Maria Martínez-Calcerrada,Judit Bassols 대한소아내분비학회 2019 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.24 No.4
Recent data suggest that subclinical atherosclerosis is more related to visceral adipose tissue distribution than to overall fat mass. Both perirenal fat and epicardial fat are visceral fat depots surrounding the kidneys and the myocardium, respectively, which can be easily assessed by ultrasound. Their clinical relevance in children is largely unknown. This review describes studies relating perirenal and epicardial fat to cardiovascular disease or carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a well-established surrogate for subclinical atherosclerosis, and discusses this in context with our own data from children. In adults, both perirenal and epicardial fat are useful biological markers of visceral obesity. The former has been related to hypertension in overweight subjects and with atherosclerosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. The latter was associated with several metabolic syndrome components and with calcification of the carotid artery. In healthy prepubertal children, both epicardial and perirenal fat thickness, rather than total body fat mass, were related to cIMT. Ultrasonography measures of perirenal and epicardial fat are related to atherosclerosis in adults and may be convenient tools for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk in children.
An Incremental, Iterative and Interative Ontology Matching Approach
Fernando Wagner,Jose A.F.Macedo,Bernadette Lóscio 한국엔터프라이즈아키텍처학회 2012 정보기술아키텍처연구 Vol.9 No.4
Ontologies are being used in order to define common vocabularies to describe the elements of schemas involved in a particular application. The problem of finding correspondences between ontologies concepts, called ontology matching, consists in the discovery of correspondences between terms of vocabularies (represented by ontologies) used by various applications. The majority of solutions proposed in the literature, despite being fully automatic, has heuristic nature and may produce nonsatisfactory results. The problem intensifies when dealing with large data sources. The goal of this paper is to propose a method for generation and incremental refinement of correspondences between ontologies. The proposed approach uses filtering techniques, as well as user feedback to support the generation and refinement of such matches. For validation purposes, a tool was developed and some experiments were conducted.
Neural Mechanisms in Eating Behaviors: A Pilot fMRI Study of Emotional Processing
Rosa M. Molina-Ruiz,T. García-Saiz,Jeffrey C.L. Looi,E. Via Virgili,M. Rincón Zamorano,Laura de Anta Tejado,Helena Trebbau López,Jose Luis Carrasco Perera,Marina Díaz-Marsá 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.3
Objective Emotional processing dysfunction evident in eating disorders (ED) such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), is considered relevant to the development and maintenance of these disorders. The purpose of the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to pilot a comparison of the activity of the fronto-limbic and fronto-striatal brain areas during an emotion processing task in persons with ED. Methods 24 women patients with ED were scanned, while showing emotionally stimulating (pleasant, unpleasant) and neutral images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Results During the pleasant condition, significant differences in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) activations were found with AN participants presenting greater activation compared to BN and ED comorbid groups (EDc) and healthy controls also showing greater activation of this brain area compared to BN and EDc. Left putamen was less activated in EDc compared to both controls (C) and AN. During the unpleasant condition, AN participants showed hyperactivation of the Orbito-Frontal Cortex (OFC) when compared to EDc. Conclusion This study highlights the potential functional relevance of brain areas that have been associated with self-control. These findings should help advance understanding the neural substrate of ED, though they should be considered as preliminary and be cautiously interpreted.