An automated quality assurance system with deep learning for small cube-ball phantom localization in noisy megavoltage images

Park Min-Jae,Lee Gyemin,Kwak Jungwon,Jeong Chiyoung,Goh YoungMoon,Kim Sung-woo,Cho Byungchul,Song Si Yeol,Kim Jong Hoon,Jung Jinhong,Shin Young Seob,Oh Jungsu 한국물리학회 2024 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.84 No.9

To enhance effi ciency and minimize errors, we automated the quality assurance (QA) process in radiation oncology, specifi - cally laser localization. Additionally, we explored the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) to enhance the detection of small cube-ball phantoms in noisy images. Laser localizations were measured manually on the acquired images. To automate the QA workfl ow, we developed a Linux server equipped with database and web servers. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) fi les were retrieved 40 times for 10 linear accelerators (LINACs). The center of the cube-ball phantoms was estimated through Gaussian fi tting. We applied CNN using 6,968 stored results to improve the estimation performance in noisy megavoltage (MV) images. Subsequently, both analysis time and accuracy were compared. Our hospital has been employing the automated QA system since 2018, notably reducing the time for laser localization from 30 min to just 1 min. The average and standard deviation (SD) of inter-observer variability in the X- and Y-axes were 0.06 ± 0.01 mm and 0.05 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. Absolute diff erences between manual assessment and Gaussian fi tting presented average and SD values of 0.40 ± 0.51 mm and 0.23 ± 0.24 mm, respectively. In contrast, absolute diff erences between manual assessment and CNN presented average and SD values of 0.12 ± 0.10 mm and 0.11 ± 0.09 mm, respectively. Overall, the automated QA system signifi cantly hastened procedures in our large hospital and improved the estimation of the cube-ball phantom’s position in noisy images through deep learning.

사람 태반조직 DNA Topoisomerase Ⅰ에 대한 Phosphorylation의 영향

곽상태,김승민,박종일,손미영,임규,황병두 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

DNA topoisomerase I was prepared from human term placenta and the effects of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation to the enzyme activity have been investigated. hosphorylation of the enzyme by protein kinase'A or casein kinase II did not affect the activity of DNA topoisomerase I. But dephosphorylation of the enzyme by calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase decreased the DNA topoisomerase I activity. The inhibitory effects of camptothecin or 10-OH-camptothecin on the enzyme were not related to dephosphorylation of the enzyme. These results suggest that DNA topoisomerase I from human term placenta present in forms of phosphorylated, and regulation of the enzyme activity is related with phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the enzyme.

신문광고 내 여성의 특징과 역할 : 1920년부터 2005년까지 조선일보, 동아일보 광고 분석

박종민,곽은경 한국방송광고공사 2007 광고연구 Vol.0 No.77

본 연구는 우리나라에서 조선일보와 동아일보가 창간된 1920년대에서 최근에 이르기까지 약 85년간 신문광고에 등장하는 여성의 모습과 역할에 어떤 특징이 있으며, 시기적으로 어떻게 변화되어 왔는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2002개의 대표성을 가진 광고표본이 분석에 사용되었다. 연구결과 영화홍보, 의약품, 유통/서비스/오락/여행, 출판, 패션/의류 제품에 비역동적이고 비전문적이며 현대적이지만 장식적 역할을 하는 20대 여성이 많이 등장하였다. 시대별로 광고에 등장하는 여성의 특징을 살펴보면, 일제강점기에는 화장품광고에, 자본주의 형성시대와 정착 시대에는 영화, 극장 쇼 광고에 많이 출현하였고, 자본주의 형성시대의 여성의 표정은 밝지 않고, 외국 여성의 출현이 많으며, 비전통 여성의 출현이 급격히 증가하였다. 자본주의 정착시대의 여성은 가장 역동적이었으며, 국제화 진행시대 이후에는 제품이 다양화(출판, 건설, 교육, 복지후생 등)되었고, 기혼여성, 전문직 여성의 출현이 증가하였으며, 남녀 동등하거나 독립적인 묘사의 빈도가 증가하였다. 본 연구결과는 이전의 역사적 문헌 고찰로 드러난 시대적 특징과 비교 분석되었다. This study analyzed the portrayal of women in two Korean newspapers(Chosunilbo and Dongailbo) ads during 85 years from 1920 to 2005 to understand the diverse roles portrayed by woman. The representative ads samples of 2,002 were used for the purpose of this study. The results of this study revealed that women were most often portrayed in ads for movie, medicine, product distribution/service/entertainment/travel, the publishing business, and clothes and mainly inactive, unprofessional, modern, and used for ornamental purposes. For this study, also, the historical categories toward the past century in Korea were used. There are Japanese imperialism age(from 1920 to 1945), capitalism formation age(from 1946 to 1967), capitalism fixation age(from 1968 to 1987), lobalization formation age(from 1988 to 1999), and global culture and internet age(from 2000 to 2005). The results of historical analysis showed that, in Japanese imperialism age, women were presented at ads for cosmetics, while they were often showed at movie and real entertainment shows advertising from 1946 to 1987. And while women in ads of capitalism formation age were modern, dark, and exotic, they in ads of capitalism fixation age were most actively portrayed. After globalization formation age, the portrayal of married and professional women in ads increased. The diverse historical and social interpretations based on the results of this study are discussed by comparing the past literature reviews about Korean woman history.

용혈성 요독 증후군 부검 1예

채종민,곽정식,임재원 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

We experienced an autopsy case of hemolytic uremic syndrome. Over 75% of cases occur in children with intestinal infection with verocytotoxin-producing E.coli. The disease is one of the main causes of ARF in children. It is characterized by the sudden onset, usually after a gastrointestinal or flu-like prodromal episode of bleeding manifestations(especially hematemesis and melana), severe oliguria, hematuria, a micro-angiophathic hemolytic anemia, and prominent neurologic changes?

1995년도 대구지역 법의 부검 통계

채종민,이숙희,정민희,곽정식 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

This is a statistical observation by authors based on data of deaths brought to department of forensic medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine for medicolegal autopsy by all of law enforcement agencies in Taegu area during the year of 1995. The report aims to reveal facts on various causes of death in Taegu area in attempt to analyse 205 cases statistically. The following are the summary of results ; 1. The total numbers of autopsy were 205 cases, of these 121 cases (58%) were males and 83 cases (40%) were females. 2. The violent deaths were 135 cases (66%) and the natural deaths were 63 cases (31%) and unknown cases were 7 (3%). 3. The percentage of autopsied cases with 30's age group was 28.2% (the most), 20's was 17.2%, 40's was 13.8%, 10's was 13.8%... in violent deaths. The percentage of autopsied cases with 30's age group was 31%, 40's was 20%, 20's was 20%, 50's was 15.5%...in natural deaths. 4. For the violent deaths, the percentage deaths due to injury was 52.9%, asphyxia was 29.8%, intoxication was 10.4% and abnormal temperature(hypothermia or fire) or electrocution was 6.7%. 5. For deaths due to injuries, the percentage of deaths due to blunt injury was 45.7%, sharp force injury was 29.5%, fall was 17.1%. and traffic accident was 7.1%. 6. For the natural deaths, 60 cases were recorded and the death due to the disese of the cardiocascular system was taking the most of the total percentage with 53%. 7. For deaths due to injuries, the percentage of accidental death was 57.3%, homicide was 22% and suicide was 14.7%. 8. 31 subjects (51.7%) of 128 violent deaths have positive blood alcohol concentrations (0.05% and above) , and 8.1% of natural deaths were associated with alcohol intake. 9. For deaths by medical dispute, 7 cases were recorded and deaths combined with operation were taking the most of the total percentage with 43%.

무릎골절 환자에 발생한 폐동맥의 안장 색전증 : An autopsy case report

정민희,채종민,곽정식 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Pulmonary embolism is a complication principally in patients already suffering from some underlying disorder, such as cardiac disease or cancer, or who are immobilized for long periods. It appears to be particularly a disease of modern developed and industrialized countries. The incidence if believed to be much lower in African and Asian populations than in the Western world. Sudden death often ensues, owing largely to the blockage of blood flow through the lungs. Because of the rarity of the incidence, it seems worthwhile to present an example studied at autopsy. Pulmonary embolism was associated with sudden death in a hospitalized patient who was immobilized for long periods after fracture surgery. There was a large embolus from deep femoral vein lying at bifurcation of main pulmonary arteries, extending into left and right branches.

원발성 폐고혈압으로 인한 우측 심부전 부검 1 예 : Report of an autopsy case

이승철,곽정식,이상한,채종민 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease and diagnosed only when the underlying causes are undetermined. Pulmonary hypertension is caused largely by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and is most frequently chronic pulmonary obstructive diseases, recurrent pulmonary emboli or antecedent heart diseases. We experience and report a case of primary pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary changes show atherosclerosis in all the pulmonary arteries, medial hypertrophy, intimal proliferation and fibrosis and plexiform lesion. Plexiform lesion is characteristic in the histological diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension when there is no other associated disease, such as liver cirrhosis, tricuspid cardiac shunts and portal vein thrombosis.

전립선 결절성 증식증의 미세구조의 변화

손형규,채종민,곽정식,손태중 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1991 慶北醫大誌 Vol.32 No.1

전립성 결절성 증식증의 발병기전을 형태학전으로 규명하고자 10례의 환자에서 적출된 전립선을 광학 및 전자현미경적으로 검색하였으며 전립선의 분비선과 간질조직의 증식정도를 알기 위하여 형태계측법을 시행하였다. 아울러 대조군으로 2례의 부검시 적출된 정상인 전립선을 같은 방법으로 검색하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 대조군에서 전립선의 분비선 상피세포는 분비과립, lysosome,mitochondria,ER 및 Golgi장치가 풍부하였으며 간질조직의 평활근세포 및 섬유아세포는 세포소기관의 양이 빈약하였다. 결절성증식증에서는 분비선 상피세포는 분비과립과 lysosome이 약간 있었을뿐 세포소기관의 양이 적었다. 간질조직에서는 평활근세포 및 섬유아세포내의 세포소기관의 양이 증가되었다. 형태계측법에 의한 전립선의 분비선 대 간질조직의 비는 대조군에서 0.28±0.04이었으며 결절성 증식증에서는 0.10±0.03으로 간질조직이 증가되었다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 전립선의 결절성 증식증은 일차적으로 간질조직의 증식에 의해 일어나는 질환으로 인정된다. Normal and prostatic nodular hyperplasia were studied by quantitative light microscopic measurements and electron microscopy. Two cases of normal prostate obtained from the autopsy and ten cases of nodular hyperplasia were examined. Electron microscopically, glandular lining cells of the normal prostate showed abundant secretory granules, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulums, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus. Smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts had a few cell organelles. the epithelial cells of the hyperplastic glands demonstrated less cell organelles. However, smooth mucle cells and fibroblasts revealed abundant cell organelles. On the morphometry, the ratio of gland to stromal tissue were 0.28±0.04 in control group and 0.10±0.03 in nodular hyperplasia. According to the above results, it is suspected that the nodular hyperplasia is primarily a stromal disease.

전신장기의 호산구 침윤을 동반한 급성 심내막염과 심근염 : An Autopsy Case 부검증례

이상한,이숙희,임재원,곽정식,채종민 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

We experienced an autopsy case of acute endocarditis and myocarditis with systemic organic eosinophilic infiltration probably due to Clonorchis sinensis infection. Localized hypersensitivity reaction due to parasitic infection is common. Systemic eosinophilic infiltration is generally noted in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, drug induced reaction and parasitic infection.

[ $\beta$ ]-Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitors from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Husk

Kwak Hye-Min,Jeon So-Young,Sohng Bang-Ho,Kim Jong-Guk,Lee Jin-Man,Lee Kyung-Bok,Jeong Hyun­Hee,Hur Jong-Moon,Kang Young-Hwa,Song Kyung-Sik The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.12

In the course of screening for anti-dementia agents from natural products, two $\beta$-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors were isolated from the husk of pomegranate (Punica granatum) by activity-guided purification. They were identified as ellagic acid and punicalagin with $IC_{50}$ values of 3.9 $\times$$10^{-6}$ and 4.1$\times$$10^{-7}$ M and Ki values of 2.4$\times$$10^{-5}$and 5.9$\times$$10^{-7}$ M, respectively. The compounds were non-competitive inhibitors with a substrate in the Dixon plot. Ellagic acid and punicalagin were less inhibitory to $\alpha$-secretase (TACE) and other serine proteases such as chymotrypsin, trypsin, and elastase, thus indicating that they were relatively specific inhibitors of BACE1.