열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

Increased 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 contributes to barrier dysfunction in aged skin

( Beom Jun Kim ),( Noo Ri Lee ),( Chung Hyeok Lee ),( Young Bin Lee ),( Solam Lee ),( Hyun Jee Hwang ),( Eunjung Kim ),( Eung Ho Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) converts inactive cortisone into cortisol, an active form, and is expressed by several tissues including the skin. Excessive active glucocorticoid (GC) deteriorates skin barrier function. Objectives: To find out if 11β-HSD1 affects on the barrier function in aged skin. Methods: We have performed human and in vivo studies. We measured cortisol in stratum corneum (SC) and oral epithelium of the elderly and young. Hairless mice were used for 11β-HSD1 immunohistochemistry staining of skin and measuring skin barrier function and serum cytokines. 11β-HSD1 knock-out (KO) mice and its wild-type were used for measuring lipid synthesis related enzyme. Results: Cortisol levels were elevated in SC and oral epithelium of the elderly rather than young. The 11β -HSD1 expression was increased in immunohistochemistry stain of aged mice skin. Aged mice showed decreased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and SC hydration, and increased SC integrity than young. Serum inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1α, -4, -10, -31 and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased in aged mice than young. The expressions of lipid synthesis related enzymes in epidermis were elevated in KO mice and topical 11β -HSD1 inhibitor applied mice. Conclusion: 11β-HSD1 expression is elevated in aged skin. It increases active GC and then deteriorates skin barrier function.

한국의 학교보건 향상을 위한 시안

최보율,김지미,신영전,남정현 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1997 精神健康硏究 Vol.16 No.-

FCL(5-FU, Carboplatin, Leucovorin) 항암 화학요법에서 Gm-CSF의 효과

최지영,김현수,김종숙,박상준,윤환중,조덕연,남상륜,김삼용 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

Background: One of the major side effects of cancer chemotherapy is myelosuppression. Neutropenia and/or thrombocytopenia are dose-limiting factors in chemotherapy. Colony-stimulating factor induces proliferation and functional maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. GM-CSF is primarily active on progenitor cells of granulocytic and monocytic lineage. Methods: Fifteen patients with histologically proven malignancy diagnosed at Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1993 to August 1995 were included in this study. We could evaluate the clinical efficacy of GM-CSF in 13 patients undergoing FCL(5-FU, Carboplatin and Leucovorin) chemotherapy; the first cycles involved no GM-CSF while the second cycles involved GM-CSF on day 6 through 15 of chemotherapy. Results: 1) The subjects were fifteen patients in all, there were five patients with head and neck cancer, which was the most common types of maligancy. There were four patients with colon cancer, two patients with stomach cancer, and one patient with breast cancer, gallbladder cancer, cervix cancer and cholangiocarcinoma respectively, two patients, who did not complete two cycles of chemotherapy were excluded. 2) Age distribution was from 38 years to 78 years with a median age of 57. 3) In FCL chemotherapy cycles with GM-CSF, the duration of neutropenia(<500/μL) was 0.5±0.3 day, while FCL chemotherapy cycles without GM-CSF, it was 2.9±0.7 day(P=0.008). 3) There was no significant difference in platelet count between the two chemotherapy cycles(P=0.133). 4) Febrile duration without GM-CSF was 4.9±2.1 day, but with GM-CSF the duration was 1.3±0.7 day, which was significantly different(P=0.003). The duration of antibiotics use with GM-CSF was 1.7±1.2 day and without GM-CSF was 6.8±3.2 day, also significantly different(P=0.002). But hospital stay between the two cycles were not significantly different(P=0.064). Conclusion: GM-CSF was effective in preventing or restoring bone marrow depression after FCL chemotherapy.

함수와 상관도의 수학적 연결성 증대방안

최지영 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2004 교과교육학연구 Vol.8 No.3

중학교 3학년에서 배우는 '통계' 내용은 상관관계의 유, 무, 강, 약에 대한 추론이 주요 내용이지만 상관도를 그리는 방법과 상관관계의 개념만 얻는데 그치고 있어서 본 연구에서는 두 변량 사이의 관계를 해석하고 앞으로의 상황을 예측하는데 함수를 수학적 도구로 이용할 것을 제안하고 싶다. 현재 미국(Algebra Ⅰ, Ⅱ)과 영국(National Tests Key Stage3)의 교과서에서 다루는 상관도와 상관관계의 지도 내용을 살펴보면, 점들의 분포 상태를 보고 일차함수 식을 구하여 한 변수의 값으로부터 다른 변수의 값을 예견할 수 있는 문제를 다루고 있다. 이는 현실에서 함수가 어떻게 쓰이고 있는지 이해하고 그 필요성을 자연스럽게 느끼게 해주고 있으며 함수와 통계 단원이 통합되어 지식을 구성해 가도록 함을 알 수 있다. 현직 중등학교 85%의 교사들은 두 변량 사이의 관계에 대해 상관도의 상관관계와 일차함수의 직선이 연관되어 있다고 하였으며, 94%의 교사들은 상관도의 상관관계에서 두 변량 사이의 대략적인 직선관계식을 이용하여 한 변수의 값으로부터 다른 변수의 값에 대한 예측이 필요하다고 하였다. 이는 현행교육과정 이상의 내용을 요구하는 것으로 미국, 영국의 교육과정과 흡사한 개정을 바라는 것으로 해석될 수 있으며 교사들은 현재 배우고 있는 상관도와 상관표 내용이 실용적이지 않다고 하였다. 이에 '두 변량 사이의 관계를 식으로 나타낼 수 있게 하며, 이 식을 이용하여 문제를 해결할 수 있다' 와 같은 실용적 목표, 문제 해결 중심의 목표로 전환할 것을 제안한다. There are many chance for us to decide and choose somethings in various information environment like the present socity. Is there any correlation relation between the number of commercials on TV and the sales amount. Can you say the students who are good at the Math also get the better grade at the science? Like this, we sometimes concern the relationship between two variables about a group around us. The main purpose of correlation analysis is but reasoning whether there is some relationship between two variables or not grasping exactly whether there is the functional relationship between them or not. However predicting a price of the other variable from a price of a variable is often needed. For example, the high school records can be predicted from a high entrance grades. and predicting a product intensity from official temperature is often intended. In this case, to use function relation about change between two variables is convenient. Because function, the relation between two variables, begins at the routine patten; "The more~the more", so mathematical phenomenons with can be considers as the function are various. In addition the function has the relative importance in the school mathematics because the contents of not only analysis field but also the whole field of school mathematics like algebra, geometry, probability and statistics can be interpreted in the point of the functional view, and the mant mathematical external or internal problems can be solved with the functional viewpoint. In conclusion teaching correlation relation in the correlation map should be connected with the formular of linear functions and the course of getting the formual of linear functions from the correlation map an be easier no by using hands but by using the computer and the calculator.

개에서 Chiari-like malformation에 의한 척수공동수증과 수두증의 발생 1례

신영지,박정희,김영실,최호정,이영원,정성목 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 動物醫科學硏究所 2005 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

A 2.5㎏, 11-year old, intact female mixed breed dog with 1 year history of sporadic seizure was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. There were no significant finding in CBC and serum chemistry. Based on X-ray, CT scan and MRI, it was diagnosed as syringohydromyelia and hydrocephalus caused by Chiari-like mlaformation. Prednisolone, furosemide and phenobarbital was administered orally. Depend on the number and severity of seizure, the dose of phenobarbital was adjusted. Seizure episode was reduced.

복수과 진료 환자의 중복 처방에 대한 분석 및 평가

이지은,장혜경,오지영,유윤경,김현지,임숙인,연숙희,강진숙,최귀령 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

In an aging society, there is an increasing possibility of the duplication of the drugs given to patients because they take many kinds of drugs. Among the prescriptions given to the patients who was treated at multiple ambulatory clinics in St. Mary's hospital for one month of September, 2002, in which drugs that has identical or similar effects are prescribed, we analysed and evaluated them by patients' characteristics, kinds of medication, severity of side effects on a case by case basis. More, we assessed the potential additional costs. As a result of this study, the duplication rate turned out to be 6.69% and it was shown that the proportion of the elderly patients over 60 was high. The gastro-intestinal medications took up a large part and most of the cases showed that the danger caused by double taking of medicine was slight, but there were some examples in which the serious side effects were predicted. Expected additional costs were the average 11.349 won and it ranges from the minimum of 56 won to the maximum of 135,720 won. In conclusion, the management of drug histories of the patients who need the plural treatments is very important and the necessity of the individual and professional guidance of taking medicines for the elderly patients is emerged, too.

이중 디스크 상승작용검사를 이용한 extended-spectrum β-lactamase 생성 Enterobacter cloacae 위균혈증 조사

안지영,최태윤 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background : Enterobacter species are frequent nosocomial pathogens and the proportion of β-lactam resistant strains are on the increase. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) were mainly investigated in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Korea. Recently, there occurred Escherichia cloacae stains causing pseudobacteremia which shows multidrug-resistant by contaminated boric acid sponge in neonatal nursery. It is, however, difficult to detect expression of ESBL in ordinary clinical laboratories. And in case of outbreak, there is also limitation to molecular epidemiological study that is used to search for identical origin because of so much cost and effort. The aim of this study was to detect the ESBL-producing E. cloacae through the use of double disc synergy test and to examine effectiveness of outbreake of ESBL. Methods : We detected the 14 E. cloacae strains by ESBL double disc synergy test for strains which isolated from blood specimens of a neonate and from environment. Results : All of fourteen E. cloacae strains were synergy positive. The 13 E. cloacae strains of them showed positive reaction identically to aztreonam and cefotaxime discs and negative reaction to cefpodoxim and ceftazidime discs. Conclusion : According to the result of this study, we could find that the double disc synergy test is efficient in detecting ESBL-producing stains from E. cloacae strains causing pseudobacteremia. We should be aware of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae and the possible institutional spreal of resistance.

대장통과시간 측정용 방사선 비투과성 표지자인 KolomarkTM의 국내 개발

김지은,이풍렬,김영호,성인경,심상군,김재준,고광철,최규완,임효근,서수원 대한소화관운동학회 1999 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.5 No.2

과학탐구활동의 도구조작 맥락에서 탈중심화된 협력과 공유리더십에 관한 사례 분석

박지영,최취임,이선경 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2020 교과교육학연구 Vol.24 No.2

이 연구에서는 과학탐구활동의 도구조작 맥락에서 개별적 및 집단적 상호작용과 활동 중심성의 탐색을 통해 협력의 특징과 리더십의 변화를 살펴보았다. 연구참여자는 서울 소재 고등학교의 과학 동아리 활동에서 탐구활동을 수행한 4명의 학생들이다. 연구진은 학생들의 활동을 직접 관찰하고 녹화 및 녹음하였으며, 활동 후에 참여 학생과 반구조화된 면담을 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 모두 전사되었고 다양한 방식으로 분석 및 해석되었다. 시간에 따른 학생들의 도구조작 참여유형 및 상호적 참여유형, 그리고 주도성과 중심성의 변화를 분석하고, 협력과 리더십의 관점에서 해석되었다. 연구 결과, 소집단을 구성한 학생들의 협력은 특정 학생의 주도하에 이루어지기 보다는 활동 과정의 목표와 문제 해결 상황에 따라서 중심이 이동하는 협력의 탈중심화 경향을 나타냈다. 동시에, 학생들은 다양한 참여역할을 하면서 리더의 재배치가 일어나고 공유리더십이 출현되었다. 연구 결과를 토대로 과학탐구활동의 도구조작 맥락에서 나타나는 탈중심화된 협력과 공유리더십의 의미를 재고하였다. In this study, the researchers explored the characteristics of collaboration and the change of leadership through the exploration of individual and collective interactions and the centrality of activities in the context of instruments operation of science inquiry activities. The participants were four students who performed a series of project-based inquiry at a high school science club. The researchers observed the participants’ activities and recorded video and audio contents from the activities. The researchers conducted semi-structured interview with them after each activities. All of the collected data were transcribed and interpreted in various perspectives. The participants’ small group activities were analyzed into participation types, the interaction within group members, proactivity and centrality change of instruments operation and interpreted in views of collaboration and leadership. The results showed students' collaboration type kept changing in a small group. The center of activities kept evolving, being centralized and redistributed, depending on goal in activities' processes and problem solving situations rather than being led by a certain student. Consequently, it was showed the tendency of decentralized collaboration. Also shared leadership were emerged as students playing various participation roles and leadership was redistributed. Based on the study results, meaning of students’ collaborative learning in science classes were reconsidered.