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Sohng, Hee Yon,Kuniyuki, Alan,Edelson, Jane,Weir, Rosy Chang,Song, Hui,Tu, Shin-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12
Background: Understanding and enhancing change capabilities, including Practice Adaptive Reserve (PAR), of Community Health Centers (CHCs) may mitigate cancer-related health disparities. Materials and Methods: Using stratified random sampling, we recruited 232 staff from seven CHCs serving Asian Pacific Islander communities to complete a self-administered survey. We performed multilevel regression analyses to examine PAR composite scores by CHC, position type, and number of years worked at their clinic. Results: The mean PAR score was 0.7 (s.d. 0.14). Higher scores were associated with a greater perceived likelihood that clinic staff would participate in an evidence-based intervention (EBI). Constructs such as communication, clinic flow, sensemaking, change valence, and resource availability were positively associated with EBI implementation or trended toward significance. Conclusions: PAR scores are positively associated with perceived likelihood of clinic staff participation in cancer screening EBI. Future research is needed to determine PAR levels most conducive to implementing change and to developing interventions that enhance Adaptive Reserve.
Jane Pei-Chen Chang,Kuan-Pin Su 대한정신약물학회 2020 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.4
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (or omega-3 PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs) are essential nutrients throughout the life span. Recent studies have shown the importance of n-3 PUFAs supplementation during prenatal and perinatal period as a potential protective factor of neurodevelopmental disorders. N-3 PUFAs have been reported to be lower in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). N-3 PUFAs supplementation has shown potential effects in the improvement of clinical symptoms in youth with ADHD, ASD, and MDD, especially those with high inflammation or a low baseline n-3 index. Moreover, it has been suggested that n-3 PUFAs had positive effects on lethargy and hyperactivity symptoms in ASD. For clinical application, the following dosage and duration are recommended in youth according to available randomized controlled trials and systemic literature review: (1) ADHD: a combination of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ≥ 750 mg/d, and a higher dose of EPA (1,200 mg/d) for those with inflammation or allergic diseases for duration of 16−24 weeks; (2) MDD: a combination of a EPA + DHA of 1,000−2,000 mg/d, with EPA:DHA ratio of 2 to 1, for 12−16 weeks; (3) ASD: a combination of EPA + DHA of 1,300−1,500 mg/d for 16−24 weeks as add-on therapy to target lethargy and hyperactivity symptoms. The current review also suggested that n-3 index and inflammation may be potential treatment response markers for youth, especially in ADHD and MDD, receiving n-3 PUFA.
Myricetin Inhibits the Release of Glutamate in Rat Cerebrocortical Nerve Terminals
Yi Chang,Chia-Ying Chang,Su-Jane Wang,Shu-Kuei Huang 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.5
The excessive release of glutamate is a critical element in the neuropathology of acute and chronic brain disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with a neuroprotective profile, on endogenous glutamate release in the nerve terminals (synaptosomes) of the rat cerebral cortex. The release of glutamate was evoked by the K+ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and measured by one-line enzyme-coupled fluorometric assay. We also used a membrane potential-sensitive dye to assay the synaptosomal plasma membrane potential, and a Ca2 + indicator Fura-2 to monitor cytosolic Ca2 + concentrations ([Ca2 + ]C). Results show that myricetin inhibited 4-AP-evoked glutamate release, and this effect was prevented by chelating extracellular Ca2 + ions and the vesicular transporter inhibitor bafilomycin A1. However, the glutamate transporter inhibitor dl-threo-beta-benzyl-oxyaspartate had no effect on myricetin action. Myricetin did not alter the synaptosomal membrane potential, but decreased 4-APinduced increases in the cytosolic free Ca2 + concentration. Furthermore, the myricetin effect on 4-AP-evoked glutamate release was prevented by blocking the Cav2.2 (N-type) and Cav2.1 (P/Q-type) channels, but not by blocking intracellular Ca2 + release. These results suggest that myricetin inhibits glutamate release from cerebrocortical synaptosomes by attenuating voltage-dependent Ca2 + entry. This implies that the inhibition of glutamate release is an important pharmacological activity of myricetin that may play a critical role in the apparent clinical efficacy of this compound.
Shu-Tsen Liu(Shu-Tsen Liu),Sheng-Che Lin(Sheng-Che Lin),Jane Pei-Chen Chang(Jane Pei-Chen Chang),Kai-Jie Yang(Kai-Jie Yang),Che-Sheng Chu(Che-Sheng Chu),Chia-Chun Yang(Chia-Chun Yang),Chih-Sung Liang( 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.1
There is growing evidence that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with increased risks of psychiatric sequelae. Depression, anxiety, cognitive impairments, sleep disturbance, and fatigue during and after the acute phase of COVID-19 are prevalent, long-lasting, and exerting negative consequences on well-being and imposing a huge burden on healthcare systems and society. This current review presented timely updates of clinical research findings, particularly focusing on the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the neuropsychiatric sequelae, and identified potential key targets for developing effective treatment strategies for long COVID. In addition, we introduced the Formosa Long COVID Multicenter Study (FOCuS), which aims to apply the inflammation theory to the pathogenesis and the psychosocial and nutrition treatments of post-COVID depression and anxiety.
Yi Chang,Chi-Feng Hung,Horng Huey Ko,Su-Jane Wang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.3
Decreasing synaptic release of glutamate may counteract glutamate excitotoxicity in many neurological diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of albanin A, a constituent in the root bark of Morus alba L., on the release of glutamate in rat cerebral cortex nerve endings (synaptosomes). We found that albanin A at 5–30μM suppressed 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced release of glutamate. This phenomenon was abolished by extracellular calcium removal or by vesicular transporter inhibition, and was associated with a decrease in intrasynaptosomal Ca2+ levels. However, albanin A had no effect on the synaptosomal membrane potential. The inhibition of N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, calmodulin, adenylate cyclase (AC), and protein kinase A, abolished the effect of albanin A on the glutamate release evoked by 4-AP. Moreover, the albanin A-mediated inhibition of glutamate release was prevented by the Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated AC1 inhibitor. Western blot showed that AC1, but not AC8, was presented in the synaptosomes, and albanin A reduced 4-AP-induced increases in synaptosomal cyclic adenosine monophosphate content. In addition, albanin A pretreatment substantially attenuated neuronal damage in a rat model of kainic acid-induced glutamate excitotoxicity. Our data reveal that albanin A suppresses glutamate release by decreasing Ca2+/calmodulin/AC1 activation in synaptosomes and exerts neuroprotective effect in vivo.
( Anna Chang ),( Chi-Feng Hung ),( Pei-Wen Hsieh ),( Horng-Huey Ko ),( Su-Jane Wang ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.6
Eupafolin, a constituent of the aerial parts of Phyla nodiflora, has neuroprotective property. Because reducing the synaptic release of glutamate is crucial to achieving pharmacotherapeutic effects of neuroprotectants, we investigated the effect of eupafolin on glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes and explored the possible mechanism. We discovered that eupafolin depressed 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced glutamate release, and this phenomenon was prevented in the absence of extracellular calcium. Eupafolin inhibition of glutamate release from synaptic vesicles was confirmed through measurement of the release of the fluorescent dye FM 1-43. Eupafolin decreased 4-AP-induced [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> elevation and had no effect on synaptosomal membrane potential. The inhibition of P/Q-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels reduced the decrease in glutamate release that was caused by eupafolin, and docking data revealed that eupafolin interacted with P/Q-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels. Additionally, the inhibition of calcium/calmodulindependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) prevented the effect of eupafolin on evoked glutamate release. Eupafolin also reduced the 4-AP-induced activation of CaMK II and the subsequent phosphorylation of synapsin I, which is the main presynaptic target of CaMKII. Therefore, eupafolin suppresses P/Q-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels and thereby inhibits CaMKII/synapsin I pathways and the release of glutamate from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
박제인(Park Jane),장훈(Chang Hoon),김지소(Kim Jy So) 대한토목학회 2008 대한토목학회논문집 D Vol.28 No.3D
본 논문에서는 공간통계 및 지리적 탐색 기법을 이용하여 공간연관성의 관점에서 서울대도시권 인구분포 변화를 분석하였다. 전역적 지수를 이용하여 1980년부터 2005년까지 25년간의 인구자료를 분석한 결과, 서울대도시권의 인구는 매우 강한 정적(+) 공간연관성을 나타내며 분포하고 있음이 확인되었다. 이는 각 지역의 인구분포가 주변지역의 인구분포에 영향을 받았음을 의미한다. 이어서 국지적 지수를 이용하여 실제 어떤 지역에 군집이 형성되고 있는지 분석하였으며, 서울시의 남쪽 및 서쪽, 즉 인천 및 경기지역으로 군집이 이동하고 있음이 확인되었다. 분석 결과는 향후 서울대도시권 관리 및 개발계획 수립의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This paper analyzes the spatial patterns of population distribution in Seoul Metropolitan Area in terms of spatial association using spatial statistics and spatial exploratory technique. Our empirical analysis based on global index shows that, in Seoul Metropolitan Area, the population had been distributed with strong positive spatial association over the period of 1980-2005. It implies that the population of each region is affected by the population distribution of adjacent regions. In addition, the analysis using local index was conducted for detecting the local patterns of spatial association, and the result shows that the clusters of population had been moved in the direction of West(Incheon and Bucheon) and South(Anyang and Seongnam) of Seoul where a large scale of lands or towns were developed over the period. These results will be the preliminary data for establishing management and development plans of Seoul Metropolitan Area.